Chapter 11, Problem 1GST

To determine

The concept of elastic-rebound theory with a sketch and an example to illustrate the concept (other than a rubber band).

Answer to Problem 1GST

The elastic-rebound theory explains how energy can be released during an earthquake, and an example other than a rubber band is a door attached with a spring. The following sketch illustrates the elastic rebound theory:

Explanation of Solution

Earthquakes occur due to the buildup of stresses; the stress acting on the walls of the faults make the rocks deform elastically till the faulting happens. Then, the deformed rocks try to retain their structure by a sudden vibration. This phenomenon is termed as elastic-rebound.

The other example that illustrates elastic-rebound is a door attached with a spring. When the door is open, the spring pulls the door back to its original position. Most strong earthquakes are produced due to the rapid release of elastic stress. As a result, the rocks will elastically retain their original shape.