Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781285869759
Author: Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Concept explainers

Question
Chapter 12, Problem 12.21P
Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The given statement is true or false should be determined.

The IUPAC name of an alkene is derived from the name of the longest carbon chain that contains the carbon-carbon double bond.

Concept Introduction:

The IUPAC name is the set of rules that is created and applied by the International Union of pure and Applied Chemistry to generate systematic proper name of chemical compounds. This nomenclature is used to describe and identify the type and position of functional groups, side chains, double or triple bonds etc. in alphabetical order to provide systematic name to compound.

Alkenes are the compounds with very weak London dispersion forces and are nonpolar. They contain same skeleton structure and physical properties like alkanes but liquid at room temperature.

Cis-trans stereoisomerisms are seen in alkenes compounds. Due to presence of two different groups bonded to carbon of carbon-carbon double bond, restricted action occurs in it and results into cis-trans isomerism. If same groups are present on the same side, then the isomer is called as cis-isomer and the same groups are present on different side the isomer is called as trans-isomer.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 12.21P

The given statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

As per general rules of IUPAC nomenclature rules, first to find out the longest carbon chain which contains double bond and prefix is given after the parent chain’s length that tells about the carbon atoms number in it with suffix of −ene. For example, longest parent chain with four carbons is named started as Butene. Therefore, the given statement is true.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The given statement is true or false should be determined.

The IUPAC name of CH3-CH=CH-CH3 is 1,2-dimethylethene.

Concept Introduction:

The IUPAC name is the set of rules that is created and applied by the International Union of pure and Applied Chemistry to generate systematic proper name of chemical compounds. This nomenclature is used to describe and identify the type and position of functional groups, side chains, double or triple bonds etc. in alphabetical order to provide systematic name to compound.

Alkenes are the compounds with very weak London dispersion forces and are nonpolar. They contain same skeleton structure and physical properties like alkanes but liquid at room temperature.

Cis-trans stereoisomerisms are seen in alkenes compounds. Due to presence of two different groups bonded to carbon of carbon-carbon double bond, restricted action occurs in it and results into cis-trans isomerism.

If same groups are present on the same side, then the isomer is called as cis- isomer and the same groups are present on different side the isomer is called as trans- isomer.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 12.21P

The given statement is false.

Explanation of Solution

IUPAC name of CH3-CH=CH-CH3 is 2-butene because of parent chain contains four carbons atoms and double bond is present in between second and third carbon atoms.

Therefore, the given statement is false.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The given statement is true or false should be determined.

2-Methyl-2-butene shows cis-trans isomerism.

Concept Introduction:

The IUPAC name is the set of rules that is created and applied by the International Union of pure and Applied Chemistry to generate systematic proper name of chemical compounds. This nomenclature is used to describe and identify the type and position of functional groups, side chains, double or triple bonds etc. in alphabetical order to provide systematic name to compound.

Alkenes are the compounds with very weak London dispersion forces and are nonpolar. They contain same skeleton structure and physical properties like alkanes but liquid at room temperature.

Cis-trans stereoisomerisms are seen in alkenes compounds. Due to presence of two different groups bonded to carbon of carbon-carbon double bond, restricted action occurs in it and results into cis-trans isomerism.

If same groups are present on the same side, then the isomer is called as cis- isomer and the same groups are present on different side the isomer is called as trans- isomer.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 12.21P

The given statement is false.

Explanation of Solution

2-Methyl-2-butene contains two methyl groups present on carbon atom of carbon-carbon double bond other carbon contains also methyl group.

Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry, Chapter 12, Problem 12.21P , additional homework tip  1

To get cis and trans isomers, two different groups should be present on the carbon atoms of the carbons with double bond.

Thus, the statement is false.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The given statement is true or false should be determined.

1,2-dimethylcyclohexene shows cis-trans isomerism.

Concept Introduction:

The IUPAC name is the set of rules that is created and applied by the International Union of pure and Applied Chemistry to generate systematic proper name of chemical compounds. This nomenclature is used to describe and identify the type and position of functional groups, side chains, double or triple bonds etc. in alphabetical order to provide systematic name to compound.

Alkenes are the compounds with very weak London dispersion forces and are nonpolar. They contain same skeleton structure and physical properties like alkanes but liquid at room temperature.

Cis-trans stereoisomerisms are seen in alkenes compounds. Due to presence of two different groups bonded to carbon of carbon-carbon double bond, restricted action occurs in it and results into cis-trans isomerism.

If same groups are present on the same side then the isomer is called as cis- isomer and the same groups are present on different side the isomer is called as trans- isomer.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 12.21P

The given statement is false.

Explanation of Solution

Following are the structures of the isomers of 1,2-dimethylcyclohexane. Form this, we can see that all four atoms of carbon-carbon double bond are lying in same plane.

Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry, Chapter 12, Problem 12.21P , additional homework tip  2 Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry, Chapter 12, Problem 12.21P , additional homework tip  3

Therefore, the given statement is false.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The given statement is true or false should be determined.

The IUPAC name of CH2=CHCH=CHCH3 is 1,3-pentadiene.

Concept Introduction:

The IUPAC name is the set of rules that is created and applied by the International Union of pure and Applied Chemistry to generate systematic proper name of chemical compounds. This nomenclature is used to describe and identify the type and position of functional groups, side chains, double or triple bonds etc. in alphabetical order to provide systematic name to compound.

Alkenes are the compounds with very weak London dispersion forces and are nonpolar. They contain same skeleton structure and physical properties like alkanes but liquid at room temperature.

Cis-trans stereoisomerisms are seen in alkenes compounds. Due to presence of two different groups bonded to carbon of carbon-carbon double bond, restricted action occurs in it and results into cis-trans isomerism.

If same groups are present on the same side then the isomer is called as cis- isomer and the same groups are present on different side the isomer is called as trans- isomer.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 12.21P

The given statement is true.

Explanation of Solution

The IUPAC name of CH2=CHCH=CHCH3 is 1,3-pentadiene. This because of presence of double bonds in between first and second as well as in between third and fourth carbon atoms and the parent chain contain total five carbon atoms. Therefore, the given statement is true.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The given statement is true or false should be determined.

1,3-Butadiene has two carbon-carbon double bonds and 22 =4 stereoisomers are possible for it.

Concept Introduction:

The IUPAC name is the set of rules that is created and applied by the International Union of pure and Applied Chemistry to generate systematic proper name of chemical compounds. This nomenclature is used to describe and identify the type and position of functional groups, side chains, double or triple bonds etc. in alphabetical order to provide systematic name to compound.

Alkenes are the compounds with very weak London dispersion forces and are nonpolar. They contain same skeleton structure and physical properties like alkanes but liquid at room temperature.

Cis-trans stereoisomerisms are seen in alkenes compounds. Due to presence of two different groups bonded to carbon of carbon-carbon double bond, restricted action occurs in it and results into cis-trans isomerism.

If same groups are present on the same side, then the isomer is called as cis- isomer and the same groups are present on different side the isomer is called as trans- isomer.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 12.21P

The given statement is false.

Explanation of Solution

Following is the structure of 1,3-Butadiene. There are no stereocenters are present in the structure of 1,3-Butadiene. There should be presence of different groups for isomerism.

Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry, Chapter 12, Problem 12.21P , additional homework tip  4

Therefore, the given statement is false.

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Chapter 12 Solutions

Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry

Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.11PCh. 12 - Answer true or false. Both ethylene and acetylene...Ch. 12 - 12-13 What is the difference in structure between...Ch. 12 - There are three compounds with the molecular...Ch. 12 - 12-15 Name and draw structural formulas for all...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.16PCh. 12 - Draw a structural formula for at least one...Ch. 12 - Each carbon atom in ethane and in ethylene is...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.19PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.20PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.21PCh. 12 - 12*22 Draw a structural formula for each compound....Ch. 12 - 12-23 Draw a structural formula for each compound....Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.24PCh. 12 - 12-25 Write the IUPAC name for each unsaturated...Ch. 12 - Explain why each name is incorrect and then write...Ch. 12 - 12-27 Explain why each name is incorrect and then...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.28PCh. 12 - 12-29 Which of these alkenes show cis-trans...Ch. 12 - 12-30 Which of these alkenes shows cis-trans...Ch. 12 - 12-31 Cyclodecene exists as both cis and trans...Ch. 12 - Arachidonic acid is a naturally occurring C„o...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.33PCh. 12 - If you examine the structural formulas for the...Ch. 12 - 12*35 For each molecule that shows eis-trans...Ch. 12 - Name and draw structural formulas for all...Ch. 12 - /3-Ocimene, a triene found in the fragrance of...Ch. 12 - Answer true or false. Alkenes and alkynes are...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.39PCh. 12 - 12-40 Define alkene addition reaction. Write an...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.41PCh. 12 - 12-42 Complete these equations.Ch. 12 - Draw structural formulas for all possible...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.44PCh. 12 - 12-45 Draw a structural formula for the product of...Ch. 12 - Draw a structural formula for an alkene with the...Ch. 12 - 12-47 Draw a structural formula for an alkene with...Ch. 12 - Draw a structural formula for an alkene with the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.49PCh. 12 - 12-50 Draw the structural formula of an alkene...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.51PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.52PCh. 12 - Following is the structural formula of...Ch. 12 - Propose an explanation for the following...Ch. 12 - There are nine alkenes with the molecular formula...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.56PCh. 12 - 12-57 Hydrocarbon A, Cf,Hs, reacts with 2 moles of...Ch. 12 - 12-58 Show how to convert ethylene to these...Ch. 12 - 12-59 Show how to convert 1-butene to these...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.60PCh. 12 - 12-61 (Chemical Connections 12A) What is one...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.62PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.63PCh. 12 - 12-64 (Chemical Connections 120 What is the...Ch. 12 - (Chemical Connections 120 Assume that 1 X IO-12 g...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.66PCh. 12 - 12-67 (Chemical Connections 12D ) In which isomer...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.68PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.69PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.70PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.71PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.72PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.73PCh. 12 - Propose a structural formula for the product!s)...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.75PCh. 12 - Draw the structural formula of an alkene that...Ch. 12 - 12-77 Show how to convert cyclopentene into these...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.78PCh. 12 - Prob. 12.79PCh. 12 - In omega-3 fatty adds, the last carbon of the last...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.81P
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