Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The number of alkyl groups present in 2,4-dimethylhexane, 5-propyldecane, 2,3,4-trimethyloctane and 3-ethyl-3-methylheptane has to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry). IUPAC name consists of three parts in major namely Prefix suffix and root word.
Prefix represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.
Suffix denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule. It can be an
Root word represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.
To name an
To draw an alkane from the given IUPAC name, the parent alkane is drawn first followed by substitution of the substituents in the respective carbon atoms.
The groups that are attached to the parent carbon chain are known as substituents.
(b)
Interpretation:
The number of substituents present in 2,4-dimethylhexane, 5-propyldecane, 2,3,4-trimethyloctane and 3-ethyl-3-methylheptane has to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry). IUPAC name consists of three parts in major namely Prefix suffix and root word.
Prefix represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.
Suffix denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule. It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.
Root word represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.
To name an alkane, the first step is to find the longest carbon chain. The next step is to identify the substituents that are present in the longest carbon chain. The numbering has to be given in a way that the substituents get the least numbering.
To draw an alkane from the given IUPAC name, the parent alkane is drawn first followed by substitution of the substituents in the respective carbon atoms.
The groups that are attached to the parent carbon chain are known as substituents.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 12 Solutions
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
- For each of the alkanes in Problem 12-54, determine (a) the number of alkyl groups present and (b) the number of substituents present. Draw a condensed structural formula for each of the following alkanes. a. 2,4-Dimethylhexane b. 5-Propyldecane c. 2,3,4-Trimethyloctane d. 3-Ethyl-3-methylheptanearrow_forwardWith the help of Table 12-1, indicate how many constitutional isomers exist for each of the following. a. Four-carbon alkanes b. Six-carbon alkanes c. Eight-carbon alkanes d. Ten-carbon alkanesarrow_forwardAs stated in Section 11-9, the wax found in apple skins is an unbranched alkane with the molecular formula C^H^. Explain how the presence of this alkane in apple skins prevents the loss of moisture from within the apple.arrow_forward
- Use each of the following names to classify each hydrocarbon as alkane, cycloalkane, alkene, alkyne, or aromatic hydrocarbon. Explain. 2-methyl-2-hexene Methylcyclohexane 3,3,4-triethylhexane 2-heptyne ethylbenzenearrow_forwardRepresent, by a structural diagram, the following hydrocarbons a) Hexane b) 2-Methyl propane c) 2-Octene d) 3-Ethyl 4-methyl cycloheptenearrow_forwardWhy is the melting points of even numbered alkanes different from that of odd numbered alkanesarrow_forward
- Organic And Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305081079Author:STOKER, H. Stephen (howard Stephen)Publisher:Cengage Learning,General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781285853918Author:H. Stephen StokerPublisher:Cengage LearningIntroductory Chemistry: A FoundationChemistryISBN:9781337399425Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning
- World of Chemistry, 3rd editionChemistryISBN:9781133109655Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Brooks / Cole / Cengage LearningIntroductory Chemistry: A FoundationChemistryISBN:9781285199030Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning