There are two keto carboxylic acid species in the citric acid cycle. What are their names and structures?

Q: Which of the following is NOT among the products after one molecule of glucose passes completely…

A: The correct answer is given below

Q: Identify by number those steps of the citric acid cycle that are not redox reactions.

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Q: cycles

A: AsUrea and citric acid cycles both are different but one compound known as  Fumarate  is comman in…

Q: 17. In the urea cycle, , ions are converted to urea. a. pyruvate b. sodium C. ammonium O d.…

A: Human beings ingest nitrogen through food which is then excreted as urea. This pathway which…

Q: What metabolic intermediate is formed from the carbon skeleton of each amino acid? a.…

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Q: heme is formed from which citric acid cycle intermediate?

A: A question about formation of heme from citric acid cycle, which is to be accomplished.

Q: Which of the following occurs during the citric acid cycle? Select an answer and submit. For…

A: Option 2 is incorrect because co2 is not converted into acetyl coenzyme A instead acetyl conenzyme A…

Q: What are the products of the following reaction? NAD+ + isocitrate dehydrogenase

A: Isocitrate dehydrogenase is used in the citric acid cycle as a digestive enzyme. Its main function…

Q: Identify at least five biological effects of disorders of the citric acid cycle. And briefly discuss…

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Q: What is the common intermediate (molecule) in the glycolysis pathway that diverges to ethanol in…

A: The glycolysis or fermentative pathways in which bacteria attack glucose catabolically and produce…

Q: Write the complete reactions in the ELectron Transport Chain

A: The electrons passing through the electron transport chain gradually lose energy, High-energy…

Q: If glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle is active, calculate the number of ATP produced from the complete…

A: Glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle is the process of regeneration of reducing equivalent NAD+…

Q: a) Convert the ball-and-stick model of A, one of the eight synthetic intermediates in the citric…

A: Citric acid cycle can be drawn as

Q: What products of the citric acid cycle are funneled into the electron transport chain?

A: The products of citric acid cycle which are funneled into electron transport chain has to be given.

Q: (a) Convert the ball-and-stick model of A, one of the eight synthetic intermediates in the citric…

A: (a)

Q: What is the substrate for pyruvate dehydrogenase? a. pyruvic acid b. water c. hydrogen d.…

A: pyruvate dehydrogenase is an enzyme which is used in pyruvate oxidation (1st step of oxidation of 6…

Q: Why is oxidation important during the citric acid cycle? O The oxidation allows for isomerization…

A: Answer:   Oxidation is important during the citric acid cycle because - option (d)-The oxidation of…

Q: In the electron transport chain, the hydrogen ions enter the inner compartment of mitochondria…

A: Energy is used to pump hydrogen ions to the inner compartment mitochondrial during the electron…

Q: Why is the citric acid cycle considered to be part of the aerobic catabolic pathways, even though…

A: Why is the citric acid cycle considered to be part of the aerobic catabolic pathways, even though…

Q: What is the total equation for the citric acid cycle?

A: Citric acid cycle is also known as TCA(Tricarboxylic acid ) cycle lr Kreb's cycle. This cycle…

Q: Question 6 Which of the following is not an intermediate of the citric acid cycle? O Acetoacetate…

A: Citric acid cycle is also known as TCA or Kreb’s cycle; this is a set of chemical reactions taking…

Q: Describe the energy output, initial substrates, and end products of the glycolysis process.

A: Glycolysis is the aerobic catabolic breakdown of glucose which breaks down into carbon compounds and…

Q: Citric acid cycle intermediates (2) citric acid cycle intermediates and the pathway(s) that…

A: Anaplerosis can be defined as the reaction that can replenish the intermediates of the pathway. In…

Q: How does the concentration of NADH affect the rate of the citric acid cycle? Explain in 1 sentence.

A: Isocitrate dehydrogenase is allosterically stimulated by ADP, which enhances the enzyme's affinity…

Q: What compounds are common in both urea and citric acid cycles?

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Q: What is the effect of increased ATP and NADH on glycolysis and the Krebs cycle

A: ATP inhibits the phosphofructokinase reaction by raising the K m for fructose‐6‐phosphate. AMP…

Q: Write the net equation for the citric acid cycle.

A: Citric acid cycle is also known as Krebs cycle or sometimes tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle . This…

Q: How elongation of fatty acids is performed in mitochondria ?

A: In the mitochondria, fatty acid is elongated through reversal of β-oxidation.

Q: Which of the following correctly describes the linkages found in ATP? O three anhydrides and no…

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Q: What functional group of isocitrate is oxidized in the third reaction of the citric acid cycle?

A: Citric acid cycle involves 8 series reaction which converts acetyl group present in acetyl group…

Q: Identify whether each substance is a reactant or product of the citric acid cycle. Reactant Answer…

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Q: If 17 molecules of glucose are oxidized by the glycolytic pathway, what is the net ATP yield for…

A: This problem can be solved from the concept of glycolysis.

Q: Which of the following is consumed then reformed within the citric acid cycle? Select an answer and…

A: Citric acid cycle is a cycle which involves oxidation acetyl CoA is oxidised in a sequence of…

Q: Which reaction links glycolysis and the citric acid cycle?

A: Glycolysis is the process in which one glucose molecule is broken down to form two molecules of…

Q: Indicate whether an anabolic pathway or a catabolic pathway does the following: a. produces energy…

A: a. The energy production in the form of ATP undergoes catabolic pathway. Adenosine triphosphate…

Q: give the meaning and describe metabolic process

A: “Metabolism refers to a series of chemical reactions that occur in a living organism to sustain…

Q: Consider the fate of pyruvate labeled with 14C in each of the following positions: carbon 1…

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Q: Assume that 2.5 ATPS are generated per NADH and 1.5 ATPS per FADH What is the total number of ATPS…

A: Since, NADH produced 2.5 ATPs  and FADH2 produced 1.5 ATPs. So, total number of ATPs generated from…

Q: Which of the following four general statements is TRUE regarding oxidative phosphorylation…

A: ATP synthesis occurs in mitochondria by a process called oxidative phosphorylation which is present…

Q: Which of these reactions take place in both anaerobic and aerobic respiration? A. glycolysis B.…

A: In aerobic respiration energy produce due to the breakdown of glucose in the presence of oxygen. In…

Q: Compare the ATP yield for the complete oxidation of glutamate and methionine, both of which contain…

A:

Q: Name the enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of ADP to ATP at the end of the electron transport chain

A: ATP synthase is a mitochondrial enzyme localized in the inner membrane that has a significant role…

Q: explain what happens in the electron transport chain and the formation of ATP

A: The electron transport chain is basically a collection of series of steps. When the electrons…

Q: Which of the following substances can be considered as metabolic intermediates? Water ATP Pyruvic…

A: Metabolic intermediates are molecules that are the precursors or metabolites of biologically…

Q: Sort the characteristics as belonging to the first half of the pathway that requires energy or to…

A: Note - Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve the first question for you. If you…

Q: purposes of the citric acid cycle

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Q: Identify the two steps of glycolysis in which ATP is produced.

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Q: GTP, which can be converted to ATP, is produced during which reaction of the citric acid cycle?

A: In the citric acid cycle, we have a reaction taking place in the 5th stage where the enzyme…

Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways

Metabolic pathways allude to the arrangement of chemical catalyzed reactions that lead to the transformation of a substance into the final product. Metabolic pathways incorporate a progression of reaction where the substrate is changed continuously and the transitional metabolites are persistently recovered.

Glucogenesis

Glucogenesis is a metabolic pathway in which glucose is produced from carbon substrates that are not carbohydrates. This process is observed in plants, animals, fungi, bacteria and other micro organisms. The general  definition for glucogenesis or gluconeogenesis is as follows,