On the basis. of the electronegativity values given in Fig. 12.3, indicate whether each of the following bonds would be expected to be ionic. covalent, or polar covalent.

O—O

Al—O

B—0

(a)

Interpretation:

On the basis of electronegativity values, whether the given bond is covalent, polar covalent or ionic is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The chemical bond that exists between two atoms in which electrons are distributed in an unequal amount is known as polar bond. Due to this unequal distribution of electrons, the molecule will possess the dipole moment in which one end will have partial positive charge and the other end will have partial negative charge.

The ability that is possessed by an atom to attract the bonding pair of electrons towards itself is known as electronegativity. The electronegativity decreases while going down the group and increases while moving from left to right in the period.

The given bond is between two oxygen atoms, that is, O−O bond.

The electronegativity value of oxygen is 3.5.

The difference in the electronegativity values for O−O bond is,

Difference in electronegativity for O−O bond=3

(b)

Interpretation:

On the basis of electronegativity values, whether the given bond is covalent, polar covalent or ionic is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The chemical bond that exists between two atoms in which electrons are distributed in an unequal amount is known as polar bond. Due to this unequal distribution of electrons, the molecule will possess the dipole moment in which one end will have partial positive charge and the other end will have partial negative charge.

The ability that is possessed by an atom to attract the bonding pair of electrons towards itself is known as electronegativity. The electronegativity decreases while going down the group and increases while moving from left to right in the period.

(c)

Interpretation:

On the basis of electronegativity values, whether the given bond is covalent, polar covalent or ionic is to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The chemical bond that exists between two atoms in which electrons are distributed in an unequal amount is known as polar bond. Due to this unequal distribution of electrons, the molecule will possess the dipole moment in which one end will have partial positive charge and the other end will have partial negative charge.

The ability that is possessed by an atom to attract the bonding pair of electrons towards itself is known as electronegativity. The electronegativity decreases while going down the group and increases while moving from left to right in the period.