College Physics
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305952300
Author: Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 12, Problem 16P
In a running event, a sprinter does 4.8 × 105 J of work and her internal energy decreases by 7.5 × 105 J. (a) Determine the
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A system does 1.95 × 108 J of work while 7.5 × 108 J of heat is transferred from the system to the environment.
-what is the change in the internal energy, in joules, of the system assuming there are no other changes (such as in temperature or by the addition of fuel?
A system does 1.80×108 J of work while 7.50×108J of heat transfer occurs to the environment. What is the change in internal energy of the system assuming no other changes (such as in temperature or by the addition of fuel)?
What is the change in internal energy (in J) of a system that does 4.50 ✕ 105 J of work while 3.00 ✕ 106 J of heat transfer occurs into the system, and 7.00 ✕ 106 J of heat transfer occurs to the environment?
Chapter 12 Solutions
College Physics
Ch. 12.1 - By visual inspection, order the PV diagrams shown...Ch. 12.3 - Identify the paths A, B, C, and D in Figure 12.11...Ch. 12.4 - Three engines operate between reservoirs separated...Ch. 12.5 - Which of the following is true for the entropy...Ch. 12.5 - Prob. 12.5QQCh. 12 - Two identical containers each hold 1 mole of an...Ch. 12 - Which one of the following statements is true? (a)...Ch. 12 - Prob. 3CQCh. 12 - Prob. 4CQCh. 12 - For an ideal gas in an isothermal process, there...
Ch. 12 - An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process so...Ch. 12 - Is it possible to construct a heat engine that...Ch. 12 - A heat engine does work Weng while absorbing...Ch. 12 - When a sealed Thermos bottle full of hot coffee is...Ch. 12 - The first law of thermodynamics is U = Q + W. For...Ch. 12 - The first law of thermodynamics says we cant get...Ch. 12 - Objects A and B with TA TB are placed in thermal...Ch. 12 - Prob. 13CQCh. 12 - Prob. 14CQCh. 12 - An ideal gas is compressed to half its initial...Ch. 12 - A thermodynamic process occurs in which the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 17CQCh. 12 - An ideal gas is enclosed in a cylinder with a...Ch. 12 - Sketch a PV diagram and find the work done by the...Ch. 12 - Gas in a container is at a pressure of 1.5 atm and...Ch. 12 - Find the numeric value of the work done on the gas...Ch. 12 - A gas expands from I to F along the three paths...Ch. 12 - A gas follows the PV diagram in Figure P12.6. Find...Ch. 12 - A sample of helium behaves as an ideal gas as it...Ch. 12 - (a) Find the work done by an ideal gas as it...Ch. 12 - One mole of an ideal gas initially at a...Ch. 12 - (a) Determine the work done on a fluid that...Ch. 12 - A balloon holding 5.00 moles of helium gas absorbs...Ch. 12 - A chemical reaction transfers 1250 J of thermal...Ch. 12 - Prob. 13PCh. 12 - A cylinder of volume 0.300 m3 contains 10.0 mol of...Ch. 12 - A gas expands from I to F in Figure P12.5. The...Ch. 12 - In a running event, a sprinter does 4.8 105 J of...Ch. 12 - A gas is compressed at a constant pressure of...Ch. 12 - A quantity of a monatomic ideal gas undergoes a...Ch. 12 - A gas is enclosed in a container fitted with a...Ch. 12 - A monatomic ideal gas under-goes the thermodynamic...Ch. 12 - An ideal gas is compressed from a volume of Vi =...Ch. 12 - A system consisting of 0.025 6 moles of a diatomic...Ch. 12 - An ideal monatomic gas expands isothermally from...Ch. 12 - An ideal gas expands at constant pressure. (a)...Ch. 12 - An ideal monatomic gas contracts in an isobaric...Ch. 12 - An ideal diatomic gas expands adiabatically from...Ch. 12 - An ideal monatomic gas is contained in a vessel of...Ch. 12 - Consider the cyclic process described by Figure...Ch. 12 - A 5.0-kg block of aluminum is heated from 20C to...Ch. 12 - One mole of gas initially at a pressure of 2.00...Ch. 12 - A gas increases in pressure from 2.00 atm to 6.00...Ch. 12 - An ideal gas expands at a constant pressure of...Ch. 12 - A heat engine operates between a reservoir at 25C...Ch. 12 - A heat engine is being designed to have a Carnot...Ch. 12 - The work done by an engine equals one-fourth the...Ch. 12 - In each cycle of its operation, a heat engine...Ch. 12 - One of the most efficient engines ever built is a...Ch. 12 - A lawnmower engine ejects 1.00 104 J each second...Ch. 12 - An engine absorbs 1.70 kJ from a hot reservoir at...Ch. 12 - A heat pump has a coefficient of performance of...Ch. 12 - A freezer has a coefficient of performance of...Ch. 12 - Prob. 42PCh. 12 - In one cycle a heat engine absorbs 500 J from a...Ch. 12 - A power plant has been proposed that would make...Ch. 12 - Prob. 45PCh. 12 - A heat engine operates in a Carnot cycle between...Ch. 12 - A Styrofoam cup holding 125 g of hot water at 1.00...Ch. 12 - A 65-g ice cube is initially at 0.0C. (a) Find the...Ch. 12 - A freezer is used to freeze 1.0 L of water...Ch. 12 - What is the change in entropy of 1.00 kg of liquid...Ch. 12 - A 70.0-kg log falls from a height of 25.0 m into a...Ch. 12 - A sealed container holding 0.500 kg of liquid...Ch. 12 - Prob. 53PCh. 12 - When an aluminum bar is temporarily connected...Ch. 12 - Prepare a table like Table 12.3 for the following...Ch. 12 - Prob. 56PCh. 12 - Prob. 57PCh. 12 - Prob. 58PCh. 12 - Sweating is one of the main mechanisms with which...Ch. 12 - Prob. 60PCh. 12 - Suppose a highly trained athlete consumes oxygen...Ch. 12 - A Carnot engine operates between the temperatures...Ch. 12 - Prob. 63APCh. 12 - A Carnot engine operates between 100C and 20C. How...Ch. 12 - A substance undergoes the cyclic process shown in...Ch. 12 - When a gas follows path 123 on the PV diagram in...Ch. 12 - Prob. 67APCh. 12 - An ideal gas initially at pressure P0, volume V0,...Ch. 12 - One mole of neon gas is heated from 300. K to 420....Ch. 12 - Every second at Niagara Falls, approximately 5.00 ...Ch. 12 - A cylinder containing 10.0 moles of a monatomic...Ch. 12 - Prob. 72APCh. 12 - Suppose you spend 30.0 minutes on a stair-climbing...Ch. 12 - Hydrothermal vents deep on the ocean floor spout...Ch. 12 - An electrical power plant has an overall...Ch. 12 - A diatomic ideal gas expands from a volume of VA =...
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- A thermodynamic system undergoes a process in which its internal energy decreases by 500 J. Over the same time interval, 220 J of work is done on the system. Find the energy transferred from it by heat.arrow_forwardA heat pump used for heating shown in Figure P18.25 is essentially an air conditioner installed backward. It extracts energy from colder air outside and deposits it in a warmer room. Suppose the ratio of the actual energy entering the room to the work done by the devices motor is 10.0% of the theoretical maximum ratio. Determine the energy entering the room per joule of work done by the motor given that the inside temperature is 20.0C and the outside temperature is 5.00C. Figure P18.25arrow_forwardThe energy input to an engine is 3.00 times greater than the work it performs. (i) What is its thermal efficiency? (a) 3.00 (b) 1.00 (c) 0.333 (d) impossible to determine (ii) What fraction of the energy input is expelled to the cold reservoir? (a) 0.333 (b) 0.667 (c) 1.00 (d) impossible to determinearrow_forward
- A multicylinder gasoline engine in an airplane, operating at 2.50 103 rev/min, takes in energy 7.89 103 J and exhausts 4.58 103 J for each revolution of the crankshaft. (a) How many liters of fuel does it consume in 1.00 h of operation if the heat of combustion of the fuel is equal to 4.03 107 J/L? (b) What is the mechanical power output of the engine? Ignore friction and express the answer in horsepower. (c) What is the torque exerted by the crankshaft on the load? (d) What power must the exhaust and cooling system transfer out of the engine?arrow_forwardWork of 2000 J is done on an ideal gas, but the internal energy increases by only 1700 J. What is the amount and direction of heat flow into or out of the system?arrow_forwardConsider the change in the internal energy of a system. -What is the change in the internal energy, in joules, of a system that does 4.725 × 105 J of work, while 3.2 × 106 J of heat is transferred into the system and 7.8 × 106 J of heat is transferred from the system to the environment?arrow_forward
- What is the change in internal energy of a system that takes in 3.33 106 J of heat, and does 4.50 105 J of work while dissipating 5.27 106 J of heat?arrow_forwardA thermodynamic system undergoes a process in which its internal energy decreases by 500 J. If at the same time 220 J of work is done on the system, find the thermal energy transferred to or from it.arrow_forwardA model steam engine of 1.00 kg mass pulls eight cars of 1.00 kg mass each. The cars start at rest and reach a velocity of3.90 m/s in a time of 3.00 while moving a distance of 4.50 mDuring that time, the net heat input is 121 J. What is the change in the internal energy of the engine? Jarrow_forward
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