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If a parental DNA strand has the base sequence A-T-T-G-C-A-C-T, DNA polymerase would synthesize a new strand with the sequence
- a. A-T-T-G-C-A-C-T.
- b. T-A-A-C-G-T-G-A.
- c. C-G-G-T-A-C-A-G.
- d. The sequence of the new strand cannot be determined from the information given.
Introduction:
DNA is “Deoxyribonucleic acid” as it serves as the genetic material for all eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell. It carries all the information which is required for proper growth, development, in an organism.
Answer to Problem 1MC
Correct answer:
DNA polymerase would synthesize a new strand with the sequence
Option (b). is given as “
Explanation of Solution
Justify reasons for the correct statement:
If the parent strand is having
Hence, option (b). is correct.
Justify reasons for the incorrect statements:
Option (a) is given as “
DNA is a double helical structure in which the two strands are complementary to each other. Adenine always bonds with thymine and guanine always binds with cytosine. Hence, it is a wrong answer.
Option (c) is given as “
The two DNA strands are complementary to each other and adenine always paired with thymine, not with cytosine. Hence, it is a wrong answer.
Option (d) is given as “The sequence of the new strand cannot be determined from the information given”.
The new sequence form is
Hence, options (a), (c,) and (d) are incorrect.
The new strand of DNA formed by DNA polymerase enzyme is
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Chapter 12 Solutions
Biology
- When two adjacent bases in the same strand of DNA dimerize (form a covalent bond between them), what happens to the DNA? a. the original strand of DNA now contains a new DNA sequence b. the original strand of DNA is prevented from opening during replication, so this section of DNA will not be replicated c. the original strand of DNA is methylated, which causes the bases to mismatch d. the original strand of DNA is kinked, which prevents DNA polymerase from working properly e. the original strand of DNA is unaffected, so no additional mutations arisearrow_forwardIn DNA replication, a primer is _____. a. what the original DNA strands are called b. a molecule that provides the energy for nucleotide attachments c. a regulatory protein that turns on the gene that starts DNA replication d. an enzyme that breaks the hydrogen bonds between base pairs e. a short piece of nucleic acid that serves as an attachment point for DNA polymerasearrow_forwardWhich of the following would be most likely to cause a mutation? A. the addition of nucleotides to the 3’ end of the growing strand B. the insertion of a mismatched nucleotide into a DNA strand C. the unwinding of the DNA strand D. the synthesis of short stretches of DNAarrow_forward
- Each time double-stranded (ds) DNA is replicated, the resulting copies of DNA include: A. One parent (original) strand and one daughter (new) strand B. Either two parent (original) strands or two daughter (new) strands C. Four parent strands D. Four daughter strandsarrow_forwardDuring DNA replication, the helicase enzyme binds to DNA and Select one: a. prevents the DNA strands from rewinding back into the helical shape b. cuts the double stranded DNA into single strands c. provides the starting point where new nucleotides can be added d. adds new nucleotides to the template strandarrow_forwardHow are nucleotides connected to each other in a single strand of DNA? A. The nitrogenous bases and acids link the separate nucleotides into a chain. B. The phosphate group of one nucleotide binds to the sugar on the next nucleotide. C. The hydroxy group of one nucleotide stabilizes the phosphate group of the adjacent nucleotide. D. The sugar of one nucleotide binds directly to the sugar of the adjacent nucleotide.arrow_forward
- During DNA replication: A. The two DNA strands separate, each strand then becomes a template for the assembly of a complementary strand. Each new DNA helix has one old strand with one new strand. B. The two DNA strands separate, each strand then becomes a template for the assembly of a similar strand. Each new DNA helix has one old strand with one new strand. C. The two DNA strands separate, each strand then becomes a template for the assembly of a similar strand. Each new DNA helix has two new strands. D. The two DNA strands separate, each strand then becomes a template for the assembly of an identical strand. Each new DNA helix has one old strand with one new strand.arrow_forwardDNA strands are anti-parallel and DNA polymerase can only synthesize DNA in a 5' to 3' direction. How does the enzyme synthesize both strands at the same time? A. The leading strand is sythesised in Okazaki fragments B. The lagging strand is synthesised in short Okazaki fragments. C. Only one strand is replicated. D. There are more than one DNA polymerase involved.arrow_forwardIn the dideoxy-sequencing reaction, what terminates DNA synthesis at a particular base? a. The absence of a base on the ddNTP halts the DNA polymerase. b. The ddNTP causes a break in the sugar–phosphate backbone. c. DNA polymerase will not incorporate a ddNTP into the growing DNA strand. d. The absence of a 3′-OH group on the ddNTP prevents the addition of another nucleotide.arrow_forward
- DNA polymerase adds nucleotides to Select one: a. the 5′ end, and the leading strand elongates in the 3′ to 5′ direction b. the 3′ end, and the leading strand elongates in the 5′ to 3′ direction c. the 5′ end, and the leading strand elongates in the 5′ to 3′ direction d. the 3′ end, and the leading strand elongates in the 3′ to 5′ directionarrow_forwardIn DNA replication, what is meant when we say it is “semi-conservative”? a. One new DNA molecule contains the parent strands and the other DNA molecule contains only new strands b. Both new DNA strands contain a parent strand and a template strand c. The new DNA molecules are exactly like the original strand d. Some of the genes are replicated, some aren’tarrow_forwardFrom which end of a strand of nucleic acid does DNA polymerase I REMOVE nucleotides? A) 5' B) 3' C) 2' D) N-term E) C-termarrow_forward
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage Learning