Science
ChemistryIntroductory Chemistry: A FoundationWhat do we mean by covalent bonding and polar covalent bonding? How are these two bonding types similar and how do they differ? What circumstance must exist for a bond to he purely covalent? How does a polar covalent bond differ from an ionic bond?
close solutoin list

What do we mean by covalent bonding and polar covalent bonding? How are these two bonding types similar and how do they differ? What circumstance must exist for a bond to he purely covalent? How does a polar covalent bond differ from an ionic bond?

BuyFind

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundati...

9th Edition
Steven S. Zumdahl + 1 other
Publisher: Cengage Learning
ISBN: 9781337399425
BuyFind

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundati...

9th Edition
Steven S. Zumdahl + 1 other
Publisher: Cengage Learning
ISBN: 9781337399425

Solutions

Chapter
Section
Problem 1ALQ
Problem 2ALQ
Problem 3ALQ
Problem 4ALQ
Problem 5ALQ
Problem 6ALQ
Problem 7ALQ
Problem 8ALQ
Problem 9ALQ
Problem 10ALQ
Problem 11ALQ
Problem 12ALQ
Problem 13ALQ
Problem 14ALQ
Problem 15ALQ
Problem 16ALQ
Problem 17ALQ
Problem 18ALQ
Problem 19ALQ
Problem 20ALQ
Problem 21ALQ
Problem 22ALQ
Problem 1QAP
Problem 2QAP
Problem 3QAP
Problem 4QAP
Problem 5QAP
Problem 6QAP
Problem 7QAP
Problem 8QAP
Problem 9QAP
Problem 10QAP
Problem 11QAP
Problem 12QAP
Problem 13QAP
Problem 14QAP
Problem 15QAP
Problem 16QAP
Problem 17QAP
Problem 18QAP
Problem 19QAP
Problem 20QAP
Problem 21QAP
Problem 22QAP
Problem 23QAP
Problem 24QAP
Problem 25QAP
Problem 26QAP
Problem 27QAP
Problem 28QAP
Problem 29QAP
Problem 30QAP
Problem 31QAP
Problem 32QAP
Problem 33QAP
Problem 34QAP
Problem 35QAP
Problem 36QAP
Problem 37QAP
Problem 38QAP
Problem 39QAP
Problem 40QAP
Problem 41QAP
Problem 42QAP
Problem 43QAP
Problem 44QAP
Problem 45QAP
Problem 46QAP
Problem 47QAP
Problem 48QAP
Problem 49QAP
Problem 50QAP
Problem 51QAP
Problem 52QAP
Problem 53QAP
Problem 54QAP
Problem 55QAP
Problem 56QAP
Problem 57QAP
Problem 58QAP
Problem 59QAP
Problem 60QAP
Problem 61QAP
Problem 62QAP
Problem 63QAP
Problem 64QAP
Problem 65QAP
Problem 66QAP
Problem 67QAP
Problem 68QAP
Problem 69QAP
Problem 70QAP
Problem 71QAP
Problem 72QAP
Problem 73QAP
Problem 74QAP
Problem 75QAP
Problem 76QAP
Problem 77QAP
Problem 78QAP
Problem 79QAP
Problem 80QAP
Problem 81QAP
Problem 82QAP
Problem 83QAP
Problem 84QAP
Problem 85QAP
Problem 86QAP
Problem 87QAP
Problem 88QAP
Problem 89AP
Problem 90AP
Problem 91AP
Problem 92AP
Problem 93AP
Problem 94AP
Problem 95AP
Problem 96AP
Problem 97AP
Problem 98AP
Problem 99AP
Problem 100AP
Problem 101AP
Problem 102AP
Problem 103AP
Problem 104AP
Problem 105AP
Problem 106AP
Problem 107AP
Problem 108AP
Problem 109AP
Problem 110AP
Problem 111AP
Problem 112AP
Problem 113AP
Problem 114AP
Problem 115AP
Problem 116AP
Problem 117AP
Problem 118AP
Problem 119AP
Problem 120AP
Problem 121AP
Problem 122AP
Problem 123CP
Problem 124CP
Problem 125CP
Problem 126CP
Problem 127CP
Problem 128CP
Problem 1CR
Problem 2CR
Problem 3CR
Problem 4CR
Problem 5CR
Problem 6CR
Problem 7CR
Problem 8CR
Problem 9CR
Problem 10CR
Problem 11CR
Problem 12CR
Problem 13CR
Problem 14CR
Problem 15CR
Problem 16CR
Problem 17CR
Problem 18CR
Problem 19CR
Problem 20CR
Problem 21CR
Problem 22CR
Problem 23CR
Problem 24CR
Problem 25CR
Problem 26CR
Problem 27CR
Problem 28CR
Problem 29CR
Problem 30CR
Problem 31CR
Problem 32CR
Problem 33CR
Problem 34CR
Problem 35CR
Problem 36CR
Problem 37CR
Problem 38CR
Problem 39CR
Problem 40CR
Problem 41CR
Problem 42CR
Problem 43CR
Problem 44CR
Problem 45CR
Problem 46CR
Problem 47CR
Problem 48CR
Chapter 12, Problem 31CR
Textbook Problem

What do we mean by covalent bonding and polar covalent bonding? How are these two bonding types similar and how do they differ? What circumstance must exist for a bond to he purely covalent? How does a polar covalent bond differ from an ionic bond?

Expert Solution

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution.See solution
Chapter 12,
Problem 30CR
Chapter 12,
Problem 32CR

Want to see this answer and more?

Experts are waiting 24/7 to provide step-by-step solutions in as fast as 30 minutes!*

See Solution

*Response times vary by subject and question complexity. Median response time is 34 minutes and may be longer for new subjects.

Chapter 12 Solutions

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation
Show all chapter solutions
Ch. 12.2 - use differences in electronegativity to account...Ch. 12.2 - trong>Exercise 12.1 For each of the following...Ch. 12.5 - ns have different radii than their parent atoms....Ch. 12.6 - trong>Exercise 12.2 Write the Lewis structure for...Ch. 12.7 - trong>Exercise 12.3 Ozone is a very important...Ch. 12.7 - trong>Exercise 12.4 Write the Lewis structures...Ch. 12.9 - u have seen that molecules with four electron...Ch. 12.9 - trong>Exercise 12.5 Predict the arrangement of...Ch. 12 - sing only the periodic table, predict the most...Ch. 12 - rite the proper charges so that an alkali metal, a...
Ch. 12 - hat is meant by a chemical bond?Ch. 12 - hy do atoms form bonds with one another? What can...Ch. 12 - ow does a bond between Naand Cldiffer from a bond...Ch. 12 - n your own words, what is meant by the term...Ch. 12 - xplain the difference between ionic bonding and...Ch. 12 - rue or false? In general, a larger atom has a...Ch. 12 - hy is there an octet rule (and what does actet...Ch. 12 - Does a Lewis structure tell which electrons came...Ch. 12 - If lithium and fluorine react, which has more...Ch. 12 - In a bond between fluorine and iodine, which has...Ch. 12 - We use differences in electronegative to account...Ch. 12 - Explain how you can use the periodic table to...Ch. 12 - Why do we only the consider the valence electrons...Ch. 12 - How do we determine the total number of valence...Ch. 12 - What is the main idea in the valence shell...Ch. 12 - The molecules NH3andBF3have the same general...Ch. 12 - How do we deal with multiple bonds in VSEPR...Ch. 12 - In Section 12.10 of your text, the term “effective...Ch. 12 - Consider the ions Sc3+,Cl,Ca2+,andS2.Match these...Ch. 12 - Write the name of each of the following shapes of...Ch. 12 - n general terms, what is a chemical band?Ch. 12 - he energy required to break a given chemical bond...Ch. 12 - hat sorts of elements react to form ionic...Ch. 12 - n general terms, what is a covalent bond?Ch. 12 - escribe the type of bonding that exists in the...Ch. 12 - ompare and contrast the bonding found in the...Ch. 12 - he relative ability of an atom in a molecule to...Ch. 12 - hat does it mean to say that a bond is polar? Give...Ch. 12 - bond between atoms having a (small/large)...Ch. 12 - What factor determines the relative level of...Ch. 12 - In each of the following groups, which element is...Ch. 12 - In each of the following groups. which element is...Ch. 12 - On the basis. of the electronegativity values...Ch. 12 - On the basis of the electronegativity values given...Ch. 12 - Which of the following molecules contain polar...Ch. 12 - Which of the following molecules contain polar...Ch. 12 - On the basis of the electronegativity values given...Ch. 12 - On the basis of the electronegativity values given...Ch. 12 - Which brand in each of the following pairs has the...Ch. 12 - Which hand in each of the following pairs has less...Ch. 12 - What is a dipole moment? Give four examples of...Ch. 12 - Why is the presence of a dipole moment in the...Ch. 12 - In each of the following diatomic molecules, which...Ch. 12 - In each of the following diatomic molecules. which...Ch. 12 - For each of the following bonds, draw a figure...Ch. 12 - For each of the following bonds, draw a figure...Ch. 12 - For each of the following bonds, draw a figure...Ch. 12 - For each of the following bonds, draw a figure...Ch. 12 - What does it mean when we say that in forming...Ch. 12 - The metallic elements lose electrons when...Ch. 12 - Nonmetals form negative ions by (losing/gaining)...Ch. 12 - Explain how the atoms in covalent molecules...Ch. 12 - Which simple ion would each of the following...Ch. 12 - Which simple ion would each of the following...Ch. 12 - For each of the following numbers of electrons,...Ch. 12 - What is the expected ground—state electron...Ch. 12 - On the basis of their electron configurations,...Ch. 12 - On the basis of their electron configurations,...Ch. 12 - Name the noble gas atom that has the same electron...Ch. 12 - Atoms form ions so as to achieve electron...Ch. 12 - Is the formula we write for an ionic compound the...Ch. 12 - Describe in general terms the structure of ionic...Ch. 12 - Why are cations always smaller than the atoms from...Ch. 12 - Why are anions always larger than the atoms from...Ch. 12 - For each of the following pairs, indicate which...Ch. 12 - For each of the following pairs, indicate which...Ch. 12 - For each of the following pairs, indicate which is...Ch. 12 - For each of the following pairs, indicate which is...Ch. 12 - Why are the valence electrons of an atom the only...Ch. 12 - Explain what the “duet" and “octet” rules are and...Ch. 12 - What type of structure must each atom in a...Ch. 12 - When elements in the second and third periods...Ch. 12 - How many electrons are involved when two atoms in...Ch. 12 - What does it mean when two atoms in a molecule are...Ch. 12 - Write the simple Lewis structure for each of the...Ch. 12 - Write the simple Lewis structure for each of the...Ch. 12 - Give the total number of valence electrons in each...Ch. 12 - Give the total number of valence electrons in each...Ch. 12 - Write a Lewis structure for each of the following...Ch. 12 - Write a Lewis structure for each of the following...Ch. 12 - Write a Lewis structure for each of the following...Ch. 12 - Which of the following species exhibits resonance?...Ch. 12 - The “Chemistry in Focus“ segment Broccoli—Miracle...Ch. 12 - The “Chemistry in Focus" segment Hiding Carbon...Ch. 12 - Write a Lewis structure for each of the following...Ch. 12 - Write a Lewis structure for each of the following...Ch. 12 - Write a Lewis structure for each of the following...Ch. 12 - Write a Lewis structure for each of the following...Ch. 12 - What is the geometric structure of the water...Ch. 12 - What is the geometric sanctum of the ammonia...Ch. 12 - What is the geometric structure of the boron...Ch. 12 - What is the geometric structure of the...Ch. 12 - Why is the geometric structure of a molecule...Ch. 12 - What general principles determine the molecular...Ch. 12 - How is the structure around a given atom related...Ch. 12 - Why are all diatomic molecules linear, regardless...Ch. 12 - Although the valence electron pairs in ammonia...Ch. 12 - Although both the BF3and NF3molecules contain the...Ch. 12 - For the indicated atom in each of the following...Ch. 12 - For the indicated atom in each of the following...Ch. 12 - Using the VSEPR theory, predict the molecular...Ch. 12 - Using the VSEPR theory, predict the molecular...Ch. 12 - Using the VSEPR theory, predict the molecular...Ch. 12 - Using the VSEPR theory, predict the molecular...Ch. 12 - For each of the following molecules or ions,...Ch. 12 - For each of the following molecules or ion....Ch. 12 - The “Chemistry in Focus" segment Taste—It's the...Ch. 12 - For each of the following molecules. predict both...Ch. 12 - Consider the following order: LiNF. For which of...Ch. 12 - In ionic bonding, the electrons are shared between...Ch. 12 - The geometric arrangement of electron pairs around...Ch. 12 - Arrange the following bonds from the least polar...Ch. 12 - in each case, which of the following pairs of...Ch. 12 - Which of the following statements is false...Ch. 12 - A(n) chemical bond represents the equal sharing of...Ch. 12 - For each of the following pairs of elements,...Ch. 12 - On the basis of the electronegativity values given...Ch. 12 - Which of the following molecules contain polar...Ch. 12 - On the basis of the electronegativity values given...Ch. 12 - he electrons involved in a CFbond could be...Ch. 12 - or each of the following bonds, draw a figure...Ch. 12 - hich of the following contains a metal ion that...Ch. 12 - hat simple ion dues each of the following elements...Ch. 12 - n the basis of their electron configurations,...Ch. 12 - hich noble gas has the same electron configuration...Ch. 12 - or each of the following pairs, indicate which is...Ch. 12 - rite the Lewis structure for each of the following...Ch. 12 - hat is the total number of valence electrons in...Ch. 12 - rite a Lewis structure for each of the following...Ch. 12 - elect which of the following ions has the Lewis...Ch. 12 - rite a Lewis structure for each of the following...Ch. 12 - hemicals placed in a microwave oven and exposed to...Ch. 12 - hy is the molecular structure of H2Ononlinear,...Ch. 12 - or the indicated atom in each of the following...Ch. 12 - sing the VSEPR theory, predict the molecular...Ch. 12 - sing the VSEPR theory, media the molecular...Ch. 12 - or each of the following molecules, indicate the...Ch. 12 - sing the VSEPR theory, predict the molecular...Ch. 12 - sing the VSEPR theory, predict the molecular...Ch. 12 - hat is: the expected ground-state electron...Ch. 12 - onsider the following series of atoms or ions:...Ch. 12 - Classify the bonding in each of the following...Ch. 12 - ompare the electronegativities of each pair of...Ch. 12 - ist the bends PCl,PF,OF, and SiFfrom least polar...Ch. 12 - rrange the atoms and/or ions in the following...Ch. 12 - rite electron configurations for the most stable...Ch. 12 - hich of the following compounds or ions exhibit...Ch. 12 - he formulas of several chemical substances are...Ch. 12 - hat is potential energy? What is kinetic energy?...Ch. 12 - hat does temperature measure? Are the molecules in...Ch. 12 - hen describing a reaction, a chemist might refer...Ch. 12 - hat is the study of energy and energy changes...Ch. 12 - ow is the calorie defined? Is the thermodynamic...Ch. 12 - hat is the enthalpy change for a process? Is...Ch. 12 - ess’s law is often confusing to students. Imagine...Ch. 12 - he first law of thermodynamics indicates that the...Ch. 12 - hat do petroleum and natural gm consist of?...Ch. 12 - What is a driving force? Name two common and...Ch. 12 - Suppose we have separate 25gsamples of iron,...Ch. 12 - Methane, CH4, is the major component of natural...Ch. 12 - What is electronegative radiation? Give some...Ch. 12 - . Explain what it means for an atom to be in an...Ch. 12 - Do atoms in excited states emit radiation...Ch. 12 - Describe Bohr's model of the hydrogen atom. How...Ch. 12 - Schrodinger and de Broglie suggested a...Ch. 12 - Describe the general characteristics of the first...Ch. 12 - Use the wave mechanical picture of the hydrogen...Ch. 12 - Describe the sublevels and orbitals that...Ch. 12 - Describe electron spin. How does electron spin...Ch. 12 - Summarize the postulates of the wave mechanical...Ch. 12 - List the order in which the orbitals are filled as...Ch. 12 - Which are the valence electrons in an alum? Choose...Ch. 12 - Sketch the overall shape of the periodic table and...Ch. 12 - Using the general periodic table you developed in...Ch. 12 - What are the representative elements? In what...Ch. 12 - You have learned how the properties of the...Ch. 12 - In general, what do we mean by a chemical bond?...Ch. 12 - What do we mean by ionic bonding? Give an example...Ch. 12 - What do we mean by covalent bonding and polar...Ch. 12 - What is meant by electronegativity? How is the...Ch. 12 - What does it mean to say that a molecule has a...Ch. 12 - How is the attainment of a noble gas electron...Ch. 12 - Give evidence that ionic bonds are very strong....Ch. 12 - Why does a Lewis structure for a molecule show...Ch. 12 - In writing Lewis structures for molecules, what is...Ch. 12 - For three simple molecules of your own choice,...Ch. 12 - What does a double bond between two atoms...Ch. 12 - trong>40. Although many simple molecules fulfill...Ch. 12 - What do we mean by the geometric structure of a...Ch. 12 - An unknown element is a nonmetal and has: a...Ch. 12 - Which of the following has me smallest ionization...Ch. 12 - Write the electron configuration for the following...Ch. 12 - Based on the electron configuration of the simple...Ch. 12 - Draw the Lewis structure for each of the following...Ch. 12 - Which of the following statements is correct and...Ch. 12 - Hydrogen gas and oxygen gas react violently to...

Additional Science Textbook Solutions

Find more solutions based on key concepts
Show solutions
What is an acidbase indicator? Define the equivalence (stoichiometric) point and the end point of a titration. ...

Chemistry

Ammonia is produced from the reaction of nitrogen and hydrogen according to the following balanced equation: N2...

Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach

For each of the following binary compounds, decide whether the compound is expected to be ionic or molecular. a...

General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Course List)

Atoms share electrons unequally in a(n) ________ bond. a. ionic b. hydrogen c. polar covalent d. nonpolar coval...

Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)

The American Heart Association and other health organizations have concluded that consumers should get their an...

Understanding Nutrition (MindTap Course List)

According to the USDA Eating Patterns, which of the following vegetables should be limited? a. carrots b. avoca...

Nutrition: Concepts and Controversies - Standalone book (MindTap Course List)

(Indicates a review question, which means it requires only a basic understanding of the material to answer. Que...

Inquiry into Physics

What is an adaptive advantage of sexual reproduction? Why is sexual reproduction considered costly?

Biology (MindTap Course List)

Compare the changes in capacity if the air temperatures rise from 0C to 10C, and also from 20C to 30C. What is ...

Fundamentals of Physical Geography

Two different measuring devices are used by students to measure the length of a metal rod. Students using the f...

College Physics

Describe how you would respond to the following situation: A friend has started taking ginseng, a supplement th...

Nutrition

54. MRI has been able to trace specific brain functions, such as emotions and memory, to specific locations on ...

Chemistry In Focus

Much has been written about CO2.What is its name?

Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity

If a leg is suspended by a traction setup as shown in Figure 4.30, what is the tension in the rope? Figure 4.30...

College Physics

The circular velocity of Earth around the Sun is about 30 km/s. Are the relative sizes of the velocity arrows f...

Horizons: Exploring the Universe (MindTap Course List)

Does a negative acceleration always mean that an object is slowing down? Explain.

An Introduction to Physical Science

RECALL What is the structure of ATCase?

Biochemistry

List the general characteristics of epithelium, and then describe the basic types of epithelial tissues in term...

Human Biology (MindTap Course List)

Answers to all problems are at the end of this book. Detailed solutions are available in the Student Solutions ...

Biochemistry

(Chemical Connections 11C) What are HFCs and HCFCs? How does their use in refrigeration systems prevent the env...

Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry

The buoyant force on a balloon is equal to the mass of air it displaces. The gravitational force on the balloon...

Chemistry: Principles and Reactions

4.80 The reaction shown below is used to destroy Freon-12 (CF2Cl2), preventing its release into the atmosphere....

Chemistry for Engineering Students

The bonds in the ethylene molecule can be represented like this: where the two lobes are out of the plane made...

Physical Chemistry

Is any amino acid both glucogenic and ketogenic?

Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry

Cell Structure Reflects Function What advantages are there in having the interior of the cell divided into a nu...

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

Seven-year-old Timothys mother takes him to his pediatrician for his annual checkup. His weight is 68 lb (31 kg...

Nutrition Through The Life Cycle

Suppose 200 fish are marked and released in a pond. The following week, 200 fish are caught and 100 of them hav...

BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS+APPL.(LOOSELEAF)

Some cancer cells are insensitive to typical chemotherapy. Research into the mechanisms underlying this insensi...

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

16. The lung segment called the superior lingual is found in the A. left lung, lower division of the upper lobe...

Cardiopulmonary Anatomy & Physiology

Using data from Table 18.1, place the following in order of increasing strength as oxidizing agents (all under ...

Chemistry

The proton NMR spectrum for a compound with formula C10H12O2 is shown below. The infrared spectrum has a strong...

Organic Chemistry

30. Draw a Lewis structure and use VSEPR theory to determine the geometry of each molecule. If the molecule has...

Chemistry In Focus

A chemist needs exactly 2 moles of KNO3 to make a solution. What mass of solid KNO3 must be used?

Chemistry for Engineering Students

Explain why you agree or disagree with the following propositions: a. Stabilizing population is not desirable b...

Environmental Science (MindTap Course List)

A quart container of ice cream is to be made in the form of a cube. What should be the length of a side, in cen...

College Physics

What two molecules are involved in the connecting link from the citric acid cycle to the urea cycle?

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry

Some analysts argue that in order to continue using oil at the current rate, we must discover and add toglobal ...

Environmental Science (MindTap Course List)

Coherent light rays of wavelength strike a pair of slits separated by distance d at an angle 1 with respect to...

Physics for Scientists and Engineers

Women with anorexia nervosa cannot conceive because they do not ovulate. ____ True ____ False

Nutrition Through the Life Cycle (MindTap Course List)

What is the major metabolic function of adipose tissue?

Organic And Biological Chemistry

One or more external forces, large enough to be easily measured, are exerted on each object enclosed in a dashe...

Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology Update (No access codes included)

Operons _____. a. only occur in bacteria b. have multiple genes c. involve selective gene expression

Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)

Nitramide, NO2NH2, decomposes slowly in aqueous solution according to the following reaction: NO2NH2(aq) N2O(g...

Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity

Determine the g/100mL solubility of barium sulfate, which has a solubility product constant of 1.5109.

Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approach

Use VSEPR to predict bond angles about each highlighted atom.

Organic Chemistry

What evidence shows that the Universe is expanding? What evidence shows that the Universe began with a Big Bang...

Foundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)

A large set of unoccupied football bleachers has solid seats and risers. You stand on the field in front of the...

Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics

Some instructors use the following analogy to describe how the electric potential changes throughout a circuit:...

Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations and Connections

What factors contribute to the uneven heating of Earth by the sun?

Oceanography: An Invitation To Marine Science, Loose-leaf Versin

bartleby
  • Contact Research (Essays)
  • High School Textbooks
  • Literature Guides
  • Essay Help
  • Mobile App
    • © 2021 bartleby. All Rights Reserved.