Write expressions for Kp for the following reactions.
a.
b.
c.
d.
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Chapter 12 Solutions
Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
- Ammonia is produced by the Haber process, in which nitrogen and hydrogen are reacted directly using an iron mesh impregnated with oxides as a catalyst. For the reaction N2(g)+3H2(g)2NH3(g) equilibrium constants (Kp values) as a function of temperature are 300C, 4.34 103 500C, 1.45 105 600C, 2.25 106 Is the reaction exothermic or endothermic?arrow_forwardKp for the formation of phosgene, COCl2, is 6.5 1011 at 25 C. CO(g) + Cl2(g) COCl2(g) What is the value of Kp for the dissociation of phosgene? COCl2(g) CO(g) + Cl2(g)arrow_forwardConsider the following equilibria involving SO2(g) and their corresponding equilibrium constants. SO2(g) + 12 O2(g) SO3(g) K1 2SO3(g) 2SO2(g) + O2(g) K2 Which of the following expressions relates K1 to K2? (a) K2=K12 (b) K22=K1 (c) K2 = K1 (d) K2 = 1/K1 (e) K2=1/K12arrow_forward
- Kc = 5.6 1012 at 500 K for the dissociation of iodine molecules to iodine atoms. I2(g) 2 I(g) A mixture has [I2] = 0.020 mol/Land [I] = 2.0 108 mol/L. Is the reaction at equilibrium (at 500 K)? If not, which way must the reaction proceed to reach equilibrium?arrow_forwardKc for the decomposition of ammonium hydrogen sulfide is 1.8 104 at 25 C. NH4HS(s) NH3(g) + H2S(g) (a) When the pure salt decomposes in a flask, what are the equilibrium concentrations of NH3 and H2S? (b) If NH4HS is placed in a flask already containing 0.020 mol/L of NH3 and then the system is allowed to come to equilibrium, what are the equilibrium concentrations of NH3 and H2S?arrow_forwardAt 3000 K, carbon dioxide dissociates CO2(g) CO(g) + 12 O2(g) Kp for this reaction is 2.48. Calculate Kc for 2CO(g) + O2(g) 2CO2(g)arrow_forward
- The equilibrium constant for the dissociation of iodine molecules to iodine atoms I2(g) 2 I(g) is 3.76 103 at 1000 K. Suppose 0.105 mol of I2 is placed in a 12.3-L flask at 1000 K. What are the concentrations of I2 and I when the system comes to equilibrium?arrow_forwardIodine dissolves in water, but its solubility in a nonpolar solvent such as CCl4 is greater. Extracting iodine (I2) from water with the nonpolar solvent CCl4. I2 is more soluble in CCl4 and, after shaking a mixture of water and CCl4, the I2 has accumulated in the more dense CCl4 layer. The equilibrium constant is 85.0 for the process I2(aq) I2(CCl4) You place 0.0340 g of I2 in 100.0 mL of water. After shaking it with 10.0 mL of CCl4, how much I2 remains in the water layer?arrow_forwardA mixture of CO and Cl2 is placed in a reaction flask: [CO] = 0.0102 mol/L and [Cl2] = 0.00609 mol/L. When the reaction CO(g) + Cl2(g) COCl2(g) has come to equilibrium at 600 K, [Cl2] = 0.00301 mol/L. (a) Calculate the concentrations of CO and COCl2 at equilibrium. (b) Calculate KC.arrow_forward
- An equilibrium mixture of SO2, O2, and SO3 at a high temperature contains the gases at the following concentrations: |SO2| = 3.77 103 mol/L, [O2] = 4.30 103 mol/L, and [SO3] = 4.13 103 mol/L. Calculate the equilibrium constant, Kc, for the reaction. 2 SO2(g) + O2(g) 2 SO3(g)arrow_forwardAt 2300 K the equilibrium constant for the formation of NO(g) is 1.7 103. N2(g) + O2(g) 2 NO(g) (a) Analysis shows that the concentrations of N2 and O2 are both 0.25 M, and that of NO is 0.0042 M under certain conditions. Is the system at equilibrium? (b) If the system is not at equilibrium, in which direction does the reaction proceed? (c) When the system is at equilibrium, what are the equilibrium concentrations?arrow_forward12.103 Methanol, CH3OH, can be produced by the reaction of CO with H2, with the liberation of heat. All species in the reaction are gaseous. What effect will each of the following have on the equilibrium concentration of CO? (a) Pressure is increased, (b) volume of the reaction container is decreased, (c) heat is added, (d) the concentration of CO is increased, (e) some methanol is removed from the container, and (f) H2 is added.arrow_forward
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