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ChemistryIntroductory Chemistry: A Foundation9th Edition

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Chapter 12, Problem 69QAP
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Introductory Chemistry: A Foundati...

9th Edition
Steven S. Zumdahl + 1 other
ISBN: 9781337399425

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Introductory Chemistry: A Foundati...

9th Edition
Steven S. Zumdahl + 1 other
ISBN: 9781337399425
Textbook Problem
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What is the geometric structure of the water molecule? How many pairs of valence electrons are there on the oxygen atom in the water molecule? What is the approximate H — O — H bond angle in water?

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The geometric structure of the water molecule is to be stated. The number of pairs of valence electrons on the oxygen atom and approximate H−O−H bond angle in the water molecule are to be stated.

Concept Introduction:

The representation of an element along with its valence electrons is referred to as Lewis symbol or Electron Dot Symbol. The Lewis structure exhibits the connection between atoms. Each dot around an atom represents electrons.

The geometry of the molecule is determined by electron pair present around the central atom.

The formula to calculate electron pairs in compound is,

Electron pair=bond pair+lone pair

If electron pairs are 2 then the shape of molecule will be linear.

Similarly, if electron pairs are 3, then the shape of molecule will be trigonal planar.

Explanation

The geometric structure of the water molecule is shown below.

Figure 1

The above structure exhibits that water has a bent structure. The electronic configuration of oxygen atom is 1s22s22p4. It indicates that there are six electrons in the valence shell of oxygen. Two valence electrons of oxygen combine with two valence electrons of hydrogen. Thus, oxygen has four pairs of valence electrons in the water molecule

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Sect-12.2 P-1CTSect-12.2 P-12.1SCSect-12.5 P-1CTSect-12.6 P-12.2SCSect-12.7 P-12.3SCSect-12.7 P-12.4SCSect-12.9 P-1CTSect-12.9 P-12.5SCCh-12 P-1ALQCh-12 P-2ALQ
Ch-12 P-3ALQCh-12 P-4ALQCh-12 P-5ALQCh-12 P-6ALQCh-12 P-7ALQCh-12 P-8ALQCh-12 P-9ALQCh-12 P-10ALQCh-12 P-11ALQCh-12 P-12ALQCh-12 P-13ALQCh-12 P-14ALQCh-12 P-15ALQCh-12 P-16ALQCh-12 P-17ALQCh-12 P-18ALQCh-12 P-19ALQCh-12 P-20ALQCh-12 P-21ALQCh-12 P-22ALQCh-12 P-1QAPCh-12 P-2QAPCh-12 P-3QAPCh-12 P-4QAPCh-12 P-5QAPCh-12 P-6QAPCh-12 P-7QAPCh-12 P-8QAPCh-12 P-9QAPCh-12 P-10QAPCh-12 P-11QAPCh-12 P-12QAPCh-12 P-13QAPCh-12 P-14QAPCh-12 P-15QAPCh-12 P-16QAPCh-12 P-17QAPCh-12 P-18QAPCh-12 P-19QAPCh-12 P-20QAPCh-12 P-21QAPCh-12 P-22QAPCh-12 P-23QAPCh-12 P-24QAPCh-12 P-25QAPCh-12 P-26QAPCh-12 P-27QAPCh-12 P-28QAPCh-12 P-29QAPCh-12 P-30QAPCh-12 P-31QAPCh-12 P-32QAPCh-12 P-33QAPCh-12 P-34QAPCh-12 P-35QAPCh-12 P-36QAPCh-12 P-37QAPCh-12 P-38QAPCh-12 P-39QAPCh-12 P-40QAPCh-12 P-41QAPCh-12 P-42QAPCh-12 P-43QAPCh-12 P-44QAPCh-12 P-45QAPCh-12 P-46QAPCh-12 P-47QAPCh-12 P-48QAPCh-12 P-49QAPCh-12 P-50QAPCh-12 P-51QAPCh-12 P-52QAPCh-12 P-53QAPCh-12 P-54QAPCh-12 P-55QAPCh-12 P-56QAPCh-12 P-57QAPCh-12 P-58QAPCh-12 P-59QAPCh-12 P-60QAPCh-12 P-61QAPCh-12 P-62QAPCh-12 P-63QAPCh-12 P-64QAPCh-12 P-65QAPCh-12 P-66QAPCh-12 P-67QAPCh-12 P-68QAPCh-12 P-69QAPCh-12 P-70QAPCh-12 P-71QAPCh-12 P-72QAPCh-12 P-73QAPCh-12 P-74QAPCh-12 P-75QAPCh-12 P-76QAPCh-12 P-77QAPCh-12 P-78QAPCh-12 P-79QAPCh-12 P-80QAPCh-12 P-81QAPCh-12 P-82QAPCh-12 P-83QAPCh-12 P-84QAPCh-12 P-85QAPCh-12 P-86QAPCh-12 P-87QAPCh-12 P-88QAPCh-12 P-89APCh-12 P-90APCh-12 P-91APCh-12 P-92APCh-12 P-93APCh-12 P-94APCh-12 P-95APCh-12 P-96APCh-12 P-97APCh-12 P-98APCh-12 P-99APCh-12 P-100APCh-12 P-101APCh-12 P-102APCh-12 P-103APCh-12 P-104APCh-12 P-105APCh-12 P-106APCh-12 P-107APCh-12 P-108APCh-12 P-109APCh-12 P-110APCh-12 P-111APCh-12 P-112APCh-12 P-113APCh-12 P-114APCh-12 P-115APCh-12 P-116APCh-12 P-117APCh-12 P-118APCh-12 P-119APCh-12 P-120APCh-12 P-121APCh-12 P-122APCh-12 P-123CPCh-12 P-124CPCh-12 P-125CPCh-12 P-126CPCh-12 P-127CPCh-12 P-128CPCh-12 P-1CRCh-12 P-2CRCh-12 P-3CRCh-12 P-4CRCh-12 P-5CRCh-12 P-6CRCh-12 P-7CRCh-12 P-8CRCh-12 P-9CRCh-12 P-10CRCh-12 P-11CRCh-12 P-12CRCh-12 P-13CRCh-12 P-14CRCh-12 P-15CRCh-12 P-16CRCh-12 P-17CRCh-12 P-18CRCh-12 P-19CRCh-12 P-20CRCh-12 P-21CRCh-12 P-22CRCh-12 P-23CRCh-12 P-24CRCh-12 P-25CRCh-12 P-26CRCh-12 P-27CRCh-12 P-28CRCh-12 P-29CRCh-12 P-30CRCh-12 P-31CRCh-12 P-32CRCh-12 P-33CRCh-12 P-34CRCh-12 P-35CRCh-12 P-36CRCh-12 P-37CRCh-12 P-38CRCh-12 P-39CRCh-12 P-40CRCh-12 P-41CRCh-12 P-42CRCh-12 P-43CRCh-12 P-44CRCh-12 P-45CRCh-12 P-46CRCh-12 P-47CRCh-12 P-48CR

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