Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 12, Problem 9TYU
Topoisomerases (a) synthesize DNA (b) synthesize RNA primers (c) join Okazaki fragments (d) break and rejoin DNA to reduce torsional strain (e) prevent single DNA strands from joining to form a double helix
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Provide a chemical explanation of why DNA synthesis proceeds in a 5'- to-3' direction.
Explain briefly how the double-helical structure of DNA suggests a mechanism for DNA replication?
Nobel Laureate Linus Pauling famously argued that the structure of DNA was a triple helix. Perhaps he was studying DNA from the fictional Planet Triplon, where that indeed appears to be the case! You perform an elegant experiment based on Meselson and Stahl's PNAS paper from the 1950s to test how DNA on this planet is replicated, and find evidence consistent with a conservative mechanism for replication! Indicate the basics for how this experiment works and clearly draw your results. Contrast with how your results might look if the semiconservative model were correct. (You have room to be creative because the exact mechanisms of DNA replication on this planet remain to be discovered.)
Chapter 12 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 12.1 - Summarize the evidence that accumulated during the...Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 12.1 - Prob. 1CCh. 12.1 - Prob. 2CCh. 12.2 - Explain how nucleotide subunits link to form a...Ch. 12.2 - Describe how the two strands of DNA are oriented...Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 5LOCh. 12.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 12.2 - Prob. 2CCh. 12.2 - Prob. 3C
Ch. 12.3 - Cite evidence from Meselson and Stahls experiment...Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 7LOCh. 12.3 - Explain the complexities of DNA replication that...Ch. 12.3 - Discuss how enzymes proofread and repair errors in...Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 10LOCh. 12.3 - How did the ability to distinguish old and newly...Ch. 12.3 - What feature of DNA structure causes DNA...Ch. 12.3 - What is the reason that eukaryotic cells require...Ch. 12 - When Griffith injected mice with a combination of...Ch. 12 - Which of the following inspired Avery and his...Ch. 12 - In the Hershey-Chase experiment with...Ch. 12 - The two complementary strands of the DNA double...Ch. 12 - If a segment of DNA is 5 CATTAC 3, the...Ch. 12 - Each DNA strand has a backbone that consists of...Ch. 12 - The experiments in which Meselson and Stahl grew...Ch. 12 - The statement DNA replicates by a semiconservative...Ch. 12 - Topoisomerases (a) synthesize DNA (b) synthesize...Ch. 12 - A lagging strand forms by (a) joining primers (b)...Ch. 12 - The immediate source of energy for DNA replication...Ch. 12 - Which of the following statements about eukaryotic...Ch. 12 - Prob. 13TYUCh. 12 - Prob. 14TYUCh. 12 - Prob. 15TYUCh. 12 - INTERPRET DATA In the Hershey-Chase experiment,...Ch. 12 - EVOLUTION LINK How does DNA being the universal...
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- Topoisomerases (a) synthesize DNA (b) synthesize RNA primers(c) join Okazaki fragments (d) break and rejoin DNA to reduce torsional strain (e) prevent single DNA strands from joining to form a double helixarrow_forwardWhat is the role of telomerase? -To ensure the ends of chromosomes are not shortening -To ensure DNA double helix is held together -To ensure histones and DNA stay connected -To ensure DNA backbone is held together -To ensure DNA is copied correctlyarrow_forwardIn what ways are DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase similar? How do they differ?arrow_forward
- Why is DNA replication considered semiconservative? A. Both strands of each replicating DNA molecules are conserved. B. One molecule consists of the old strands and the other DNA molecule is entirely new. C. One strand of each replicating DNA molecule is conserved and the other strand is newly synthesized. D. Both strands of each replicating DNA molecule are new.arrow_forwardThe following diagram represents a DNA molecule that is undergoing replication. Draw in the strands of newly synthesized DNA and identify (a) the polarity of the newly synthesized strands, (b) the leading and lagging strands, (c) Okazaki fragments, and (d) RNA primers.arrow_forwardAvery, MacLeod, and McCarty demonstrated that the transforming principle can be destroyed by DNase. Thus, DNA is the genetic material A. Both statements are correct B. Both statements are incorrect C. First statement is Correct, Second is Incorrect D. First statement is Incorrect, Second is Correctarrow_forward
- a) If you isolated DNA from the ear and the tail of the same mouse, would you expect the DNA, isolated from the two tissue types, to be the same? Why? b) Provide one difference between DNA replication in eukaryotes and prokaryotes with regard to their origin (s) of replication.arrow_forwardAfter Alfred Hersey and Martha Chase definitively identified DNA as the “Transformative material”, which three scientists were responsible for characterizing the structure of DNA? How did they do it?arrow_forwardthe human immunodeficiency virus HIV uses RNA rather than DNA to encode genetic information. During infection, however, HIV uses an enzyme known as reverse transcriptase to generate double-stranded DNA. Generally speaking, how would the enzyme generate a double strand of DNA from a single strand of RNA?arrow_forward
- Several experiments aided the discovery of DNA being the inheritable material. Which of the following experiments clearly demonstrated DNA, not protein, was the inheritable material?arrow_forwardLet’s say that you want to find out the difference in nucleotide sequence among two DNA strands, one of which is isolated from the liver of a liver cancer patient and the other one is isolated from the liver of a healthy individual. How you can do that, please explain in detailsarrow_forwardWhich of the comparisons between DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase is false? -Both DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase have proofreading activity. -DNA polymerase requires an additional enzyme to unwind double-stranded DNA molecules, but RNA polymerase does not. -Both DNA and RNA polymerase catalyze the addition of nucleotides to the 3’ end. -DNA polymerase needs a free 3’-OH to begin the polymerization reaction, but RNA polymerase does not.arrow_forward
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