Probability and Statistics for Engineering and the Sciences
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305251809
Author: Jay L. Devore
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 12.1, Problem 2E
The article “Exhaust Emissions from Four-Stroke Lawn Mower Engines” (J. of the Air and Water Mgmnt. Assoc., 1997: 945–952) reported data from a study in which both a baseline gasoline mixture and a reformulated gasoline were used. Consider the following observations on age (yr) and NOx emissions (g/kWh):
| Engine | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Age | 0 | 0 | 2 | 11 | 7 |
| Baseline | 1.72 | 4.38 | 4.06 | 1.26 | 5.31 |
| Reformulated | 1.88 | 5.93 | 5.54 | 2.67 | 6.53 |
| Engine | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Age | 16 | 9 | 0 | 12 | 4 |
| Baseline | .57 | 3.37 | 3.44 | .74 | 1.24 |
| Reformulated | .74 | 4.94 | 4.89 | .69 | 1.42 |
Construct scatterplots of NOx emissions versus age. What appears to be the nature of the relationship between these two variables? [Note: The authors of the cited article commented on the relationship.]
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An article reported data from a study in which both a baseline gasoline mixture and a reformulated gasoline were used. Consider the following observations on age (yr) and NOx emissions (g/kWh):
Engine
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Age
0
0
2
11
7
16
9
0
12
4
Baseline
1.70
4.38
4.06
1.24
5.29
0.59
3.35
3.45
0.73
1.22
Reformulated
1.86
5.91
5.51
2.70
6.50
0.71
4.95
4.86
0.72
1.41
Construct scatter plots of the baseline NOx emissions versus age.
What appears to be the nature of the relationship between these two variables?
There is no compelling relationship between the data. As age increases, emissions also increase. As age increases, emissions decrease.
An article reported data from a study in which both a baseline gasoline mixture and a reformulated gasoline were used. Consider the following observations on age (yr) and NOx emissions (g/kWh):
Engine
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Age
0
0
2
11
7
16
9
0
12
4
Baseline
1.74
4.38
4.04
1.23
5.30
0.58
3.35
3.44
0.73
1.23
Reformulated
1.85
5.93
5.52
2.67
6.54
0.76
4.94
4.87
0.69
1.39
Construct scatter plots of the baseline NOx emissions versus age.
Construct scatter plots of the reformulated NOx emissions versus age.
What appears to be the nature of the relationship between these two variables?
As age increases, emissions also increase.As age increases, emissions decrease. There is no compelling relationship between the data.
The spike stature of the plants grown from the seeds of the porcine separates (Dactylis glomerata L) collected from the University campus and İbradı Eynif pasture are given below. In this plant, compare whether there is a difference between regions in terms of spike height.
Virgo Height (cm)
Data obtained from plants collected from university campus
5 6 8 7 8 6 5 5 4 6 6
Data obtained from plants collected from Eynif pasture
12 9 11 9 9 11 9 10 11 10
Note: Your results
interpretation according to two different possibilities
(Do it separately, assuming that it is 0.07 and 0.04).
Chapter 12 Solutions
Probability and Statistics for Engineering and the Sciences
Ch. 12.1 - The efficiency ratio for a steel specimen immersed...Ch. 12.1 - The article Exhaust Emissions from Four-Stroke...Ch. 12.1 - Bivariate data often arises from the use of two...Ch. 12.1 - The accompanying data on y = ammonium...Ch. 12.1 - The article Objective Measurement of the...Ch. 12.1 - One factor in the development of tennis elbow, a...Ch. 12.1 - The article Some Field Experience in the Use of an...Ch. 12.1 - Referring to Exercise 7, suppose that the standard...Ch. 12.1 - The flow rate y (m3/min) in a device used for...Ch. 12.1 - Suppose the expected cost of a production run is...
Ch. 12.1 - Suppose that in a certain chemical process the...Ch. 12.2 - Refer back to the data in Exercise 4, in which y =...Ch. 12.2 - The accompanying data on y = ammonium...Ch. 12.2 - Refer to the lank temperature-efficiency ratio...Ch. 12.2 - Values of modulus of elasticity (MOE, the ratio of...Ch. 12.2 - The article Characterization of Highway Runoff in...Ch. 12.2 - For the past decade, rubber powder has been used...Ch. 12.2 - For the past decade, rubber powder has been used...Ch. 12.2 - The following data is representative of that...Ch. 12.2 - The bond behavior of reinforcing bars is an...Ch. 12.2 - Wrinkle recovery angle and tensile strength are...Ch. 12.2 - Calcium phosphate cement is gaining increasing...Ch. 12.2 - a. Obtain SSE for the data in Exercise 19 from the...Ch. 12.2 - The invasive diatom species Didymosphenia geminata...Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 25ECh. 12.2 - Show that the point of averages (x,y) lies on the...Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 27ECh. 12.2 - a. Consider the data in Exercise 20. Suppose that...Ch. 12.2 - Consider the following three data sets, in which...Ch. 12.3 - Reconsider the situation described in Exercise 7,...Ch. 12.3 - During oil drilling operations, components of the...Ch. 12.3 - Exercise 16 of Section 12.2 gave data on x =...Ch. 12.3 - During oil drilling operations, components of the...Ch. 12.3 - For the past decade, rubber powder has been used...Ch. 12.3 - Refer back to the data in Exercise 4, in which y =...Ch. 12.3 - Misi (airborne droplets or aerosols) is generated...Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 37ECh. 12.3 - Refer to the data on x = liberation rate and y =...Ch. 12.3 - Carry out the model utility test using the ANOVA...Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 40ECh. 12.3 - Prob. 41ECh. 12.3 - Verify that if each xi is multiplied by a positive...Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 43ECh. 12.4 - Fitting the simple linear regression model to the...Ch. 12.4 - Reconsider the filtration ratemoisture content...Ch. 12.4 - Astringency is the quality in a wine that makes...Ch. 12.4 - The simple linear regression model provides a very...Ch. 12.4 - Prob. 48ECh. 12.4 - You are told that a 95% CI for expected lead...Ch. 12.4 - Prob. 50ECh. 12.4 - Refer to Example 12.12 in which x = test track...Ch. 12.4 - Plasma etching is essential to the fine-line...Ch. 12.4 - Consider the following four intervals based on the...Ch. 12.4 - The height of a patient is useful for a variety of...Ch. 12.4 - Prob. 55ECh. 12.4 - The article Bone Density and Insertion Torque as...Ch. 12.5 - The article Behavioural Effects of Mobile...Ch. 12.5 - The Turbine Oil Oxidation Test (TOST) and the...Ch. 12.5 - Toughness and fibrousness of asparagus are major...Ch. 12.5 - Head movement evaluations are important because...Ch. 12.5 - Prob. 61ECh. 12.5 - Prob. 62ECh. 12.5 - Prob. 63ECh. 12.5 - The accompanying data on x = UV transparency index...Ch. 12.5 - Torsion during hip external rotation and extension...Ch. 12.5 - Prob. 66ECh. 12.5 - Prob. 67ECh. 12 - The appraisal of a warehouse can appear...Ch. 12 - Prob. 69SECh. 12 - Forensic scientists are often interested in making...Ch. 12 - Phenolic compounds are found in the effluents of...Ch. 12 - The SAS output at the bottom of this page is based...Ch. 12 - The presence of hard alloy carbides in high...Ch. 12 - The accompanying data was read from a scatterplot...Ch. 12 - An investigation was carried out to study the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 76SECh. 12 - Open water oil spills can wreak terrible...Ch. 12 - In Section 12.4, we presented a formula for...Ch. 12 - Show that SSE=Syy1Sxy, which gives an alternative...Ch. 12 - Suppose that x and y are positive variables and...Ch. 12 - Let sx and sy denote the sample standard...Ch. 12 - Verify that the t statistic for testing H0: 1 = 0...Ch. 12 - Use the formula for computing SSE to verify that...Ch. 12 - In biofiltration of wastewater, air discharged...Ch. 12 - Normal hatchery processes in aquaculture...Ch. 12 - Prob. 86SECh. 12 - Prob. 87SE
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