Classify the carbon atoms in each compound as 1°, 2°, 3°, or 4°.
a.
b.
(a)
Interpretation:
The carbon in the following compound should be classified as
Concept Introduction:
Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.
In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.
Primary carbon (
Secondary carbon (
Tertiary carbon (
Quaternary carbon (
Answer to Problem 12.3PP
Explanation of Solution
The given compound is
According to the above structure of compound, the terminal carbons present on both sides of the chain is classified as primary carbon as they are linked with one other carbon atom whereas carbon atoms which are present in between the terminal carbonsof the chain are linked with two other carbon atoms thus, classified as secondary carbon.
Thus, two primary and two secondary carbons are present in the structure.
(b)
Interpretation:
The carbon in the following compound should be classified as
Concept Introduction:
Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.
In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.
Primary carbon (
Secondary carbon (
Tertiary carbon (
Quaternary carbon (
Answer to Problem 12.3PP
Explanation of Solution
The given compound is
According to the above structure of compound, the terminal carbons (3 carbons) present is classified as primary carbon as they are linked with one other carbon atom whereas carbon atom which is present in the middle linked with three other carbon atoms thus, classified as tertiary carbon.
Thus, three primary carbons and onetertiary carbon atom are present in the structure.
(c)
Interpretation:
The carbon in the following compound should be classified as
Concept Introduction:
Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.
In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.
Primary carbon (
Secondary carbon (
Tertiary carbon (
Quaternary carbon (
Answer to Problem 12.3PP
Explanation of Solution
The given compound is
According to the above structure of compound, the terminal carbons (3 carbons) present is classified as primary carbon as they are linked with one other carbon atom whereas the carbon which is linked with two other carbon atoms is classified as secondary carbon and the carbon which is linked with three other carbon atoms is classified as tertiary carbon.
Thus, three primary carbons, one secondary carbon atom and one tertiary carbon atom are present in the structure.
(d)
Interpretation:
The carbon in the following compound should be classified as
Concept Introduction:
Compounds consist of carbon and hydrogen is known as hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Saturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon single bond is present as carbon is linked with four atoms. Unsaturated hydrocarbons are those hydrocarbons in which carbon-carbon multiple bonds are present that is double and triple bond.
In organic chemistry, carbons are classified as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary carbons.
Primary carbon (
Secondary carbon (
Tertiary carbon (
Quaternary carbon (
Answer to Problem 12.3PP
Explanation of Solution
The given compound is
According to the above structure of compound, the terminal carbons (four carbons) present is classified as primary carbon as they are linked with one other carbon atom whereas the carbon which is linked with four other carbon atoms is classified as quaternary carbon.
Thus, four primary carbons and one quaternary carbon atom are present in the structure.
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Chapter 12 Solutions
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry - 4th edition
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- Chemistry: An Atoms First ApproachChemistryISBN:9781305079243Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. ZumdahlPublisher:Cengage Learning