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Mathematical Applications for the Management, Life, and Social Sciences11th Edition

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Chapter 12.5, Problem 38E
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Mathematical Applications for the ...

11th Edition
Ronald J. Harshbarger + 1 other
ISBN: 9781305108042

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Problem 15E
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Problem 18E
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Problem 30E
Problem 31E
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Problem 33E
Problem 34E
Problem 35E
Problem 36E
Problem 37E
Problem 38E
Problem 39E
Problem 40E
Problem 41E
Problem 42E
Problem 43E
Problem 44E
Problem 45E
Problem 46E
Problem 47E
Problem 48E
Problem 49E
Problem 50E
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Problem 53E
Problem 54E
Problem 55E
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Problem 57E
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Problem 59E
Problem 60E
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Mathematical Applications for the ...

11th Edition
Ronald J. Harshbarger + 1 other
ISBN: 9781305108042
Textbook Problem

Bimolecular chemical reactions A bimolecular chemical reaction is one in which two chemicals react to form another substance. Suppose that one molecule of each of the two chemicals reacts to form two molecules of a new substance. If x represents the number of molecules of the new substance at time t, then the rate of change of x is proportional to the product of the numbers of molecules of the original chemicals available to be converted. That is, if each of the chemicals initially contained A molecules, then

d x d t = k ( A − x ) 2 where k is a constant. If 40% of the initial amount A is converted after 1 hour, how long will it be before 90 % is converted?

To determine

To calculate: The time that will it be before 90% is converted, if 40% of the initially amount A is converted after 1 hours.

Explanation

Given Information:

A biomolecular chemical reaction is one in which two chemical reacts to form another substance.

The one molecule of each of the two chemical reacts to form two molecule of a new substance.

If x represent the number of molecule of the new substance at time t, then the rate of change of x is proportional to the product of the number of molecule of the original chemicals available to be converted.

If the each of chemically initially contained A molecules, then

dxdt=k(A−x)2

Where k is constant, if 40% of the initially amount A is converted after 1 hours.

Formula used:

The differential equation can be equivalently expressed in the form

g(y)dy=f(x)dx

Then the equation is separable.

The solution of a separable differential is obtained by integrating both sides of the equation after the variable have been separated.

Calculation:

Consider a biomolecular chemical reaction is one in which two chemical reacts to form another substance.

The one molecule of each of the two chemical reacts to form two molecule of a new substance.

If x represent the number of molecule of the new substance at time t, then the rate of change of x is proportional to the product of the number of molecule of the original chemicals available to be converted.

If the each of chemically initially contained A molecules, then

dxdt=k(A−x)2

Where k is constant, if 40% of the initially amount A is converted after 1 hours.

Firstly, separate the above differential equation as:

dx(A−x)2=kdt

Integrate the provided function as:

∫dx(A−x)2=∫kdt−(A−x)−1−1=kt+C1(A−x)1=kt+C

At the given condition t=0

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Sect-12.1 P-1CPSect-12.1 P-2CPSect-12.1 P-1ESect-12.1 P-2ESect-12.1 P-3ESect-12.1 P-4ESect-12.1 P-5ESect-12.1 P-6ESect-12.1 P-7ESect-12.1 P-8E
Sect-12.1 P-9ESect-12.1 P-10ESect-12.1 P-11ESect-12.1 P-12ESect-12.1 P-13ESect-12.1 P-14ESect-12.1 P-15ESect-12.1 P-16ESect-12.1 P-17ESect-12.1 P-18ESect-12.1 P-19ESect-12.1 P-20ESect-12.1 P-21ESect-12.1 P-22ESect-12.1 P-23ESect-12.1 P-24ESect-12.1 P-25ESect-12.1 P-26ESect-12.1 P-27ESect-12.1 P-28ESect-12.1 P-29ESect-12.1 P-30ESect-12.1 P-31ESect-12.1 P-32ESect-12.1 P-33ESect-12.1 P-34ESect-12.1 P-35ESect-12.1 P-36ESect-12.1 P-37ESect-12.1 P-38ESect-12.1 P-39ESect-12.1 P-40ESect-12.1 P-41ESect-12.1 P-42ESect-12.1 P-43ESect-12.1 P-44ESect-12.1 P-45ESect-12.1 P-46ESect-12.1 P-47ESect-12.1 P-48ESect-12.1 P-49ESect-12.1 P-50ESect-12.1 P-51ESect-12.1 P-52ESect-12.1 P-53ESect-12.1 P-54ESect-12.1 P-55ESect-12.1 P-56ESect-12.2 P-1CPSect-12.2 P-2CPSect-12.2 P-3CPSect-12.2 P-4CPSect-12.2 P-1ESect-12.2 P-2ESect-12.2 P-3ESect-12.2 P-4ESect-12.2 P-5ESect-12.2 P-6ESect-12.2 P-7ESect-12.2 P-8ESect-12.2 P-9ESect-12.2 P-10ESect-12.2 P-11ESect-12.2 P-12ESect-12.2 P-13ESect-12.2 P-14ESect-12.2 P-15ESect-12.2 P-16ESect-12.2 P-17ESect-12.2 P-18ESect-12.2 P-19ESect-12.2 P-20ESect-12.2 P-21ESect-12.2 P-22ESect-12.2 P-23ESect-12.2 P-24ESect-12.2 P-25ESect-12.2 P-26ESect-12.2 P-27ESect-12.2 P-28ESect-12.2 P-29ESect-12.2 P-30ESect-12.2 P-31ESect-12.2 P-32ESect-12.2 P-33ESect-12.2 P-34ESect-12.2 P-35ESect-12.2 P-36ESect-12.2 P-37ESect-12.2 P-38ESect-12.2 P-39ESect-12.2 P-40ESect-12.2 P-41ESect-12.2 P-42ESect-12.2 P-43ESect-12.2 P-44ESect-12.2 P-45ESect-12.2 P-46ESect-12.2 P-47ESect-12.2 P-48ESect-12.2 P-49ESect-12.2 P-50ESect-12.2 P-51ESect-12.2 P-52ESect-12.2 P-53ESect-12.2 P-54ESect-12.3 P-1CPSect-12.3 P-2CPSect-12.3 P-3CPSect-12.3 P-1ESect-12.3 P-2ESect-12.3 P-3ESect-12.3 P-4ESect-12.3 P-5ESect-12.3 P-6ESect-12.3 P-7ESect-12.3 P-8ESect-12.3 P-9ESect-12.3 P-10ESect-12.3 P-11ESect-12.3 P-12ESect-12.3 P-13ESect-12.3 P-14ESect-12.3 P-15ESect-12.3 P-16ESect-12.3 P-17ESect-12.3 P-18ESect-12.3 P-19ESect-12.3 P-20ESect-12.3 P-21ESect-12.3 P-22ESect-12.3 P-23ESect-12.3 P-24ESect-12.3 P-25ESect-12.3 P-26ESect-12.3 P-27ESect-12.3 P-28ESect-12.3 P-29ESect-12.3 P-30ESect-12.3 P-31ESect-12.3 P-32ESect-12.3 P-33ESect-12.3 P-34ESect-12.3 P-35ESect-12.3 P-36ESect-12.3 P-37ESect-12.3 P-38ESect-12.3 P-39ESect-12.3 P-40ESect-12.3 P-41ESect-12.3 P-42ESect-12.3 P-43ESect-12.3 P-44ESect-12.3 P-45ESect-12.3 P-46ESect-12.3 P-47ESect-12.3 P-48ESect-12.3 P-49ESect-12.3 P-50ESect-12.3 P-56ESect-12.4 P-1CPSect-12.4 P-2CPSect-12.4 P-3CPSect-12.4 P-4CPSect-12.4 P-1ESect-12.4 P-2ESect-12.4 P-3ESect-12.4 P-4ESect-12.4 P-5ESect-12.4 P-6ESect-12.4 P-7ESect-12.4 P-8ESect-12.4 P-9ESect-12.4 P-10ESect-12.4 P-11ESect-12.4 P-12ESect-12.4 P-13ESect-12.4 P-14ESect-12.4 P-15ESect-12.4 P-16ESect-12.4 P-17ESect-12.4 P-18ESect-12.4 P-19ESect-12.4 P-20ESect-12.4 P-21ESect-12.4 P-23ESect-12.4 P-24ESect-12.4 P-26ESect-12.5 P-1CPSect-12.5 P-2CPSect-12.5 P-3CPSect-12.5 P-1ESect-12.5 P-2ESect-12.5 P-3ESect-12.5 P-4ESect-12.5 P-5ESect-12.5 P-6ESect-12.5 P-7ESect-12.5 P-8ESect-12.5 P-9ESect-12.5 P-10ESect-12.5 P-11ESect-12.5 P-12ESect-12.5 P-13ESect-12.5 P-14ESect-12.5 P-15ESect-12.5 P-16ESect-12.5 P-17ESect-12.5 P-18ESect-12.5 P-19ESect-12.5 P-20ESect-12.5 P-21ESect-12.5 P-22ESect-12.5 P-23ESect-12.5 P-24ESect-12.5 P-25ESect-12.5 P-26ESect-12.5 P-27ESect-12.5 P-28ESect-12.5 P-29ESect-12.5 P-30ESect-12.5 P-31ESect-12.5 P-32ESect-12.5 P-33ESect-12.5 P-34ESect-12.5 P-35ESect-12.5 P-36ESect-12.5 P-37ESect-12.5 P-38ESect-12.5 P-39ESect-12.5 P-40ESect-12.5 P-41ESect-12.5 P-42ESect-12.5 P-43ESect-12.5 P-44ESect-12.5 P-45ESect-12.5 P-46ESect-12.5 P-47ESect-12.5 P-48ESect-12.5 P-49ESect-12.5 P-50ESect-12.5 P-51ESect-12.5 P-52ESect-12.5 P-53ESect-12.5 P-54ESect-12.5 P-55ESect-12.5 P-56ESect-12.5 P-57ESect-12.5 P-58ECh-12 P-1RECh-12 P-2RECh-12 P-3RECh-12 P-4RECh-12 P-5RECh-12 P-6RECh-12 P-7RECh-12 P-8RECh-12 P-9RECh-12 P-10RECh-12 P-11RECh-12 P-12RECh-12 P-13RECh-12 P-14RECh-12 P-15RECh-12 P-16RECh-12 P-17RECh-12 P-18RECh-12 P-19RECh-12 P-20RECh-12 P-21RECh-12 P-22RECh-12 P-23RECh-12 P-24RECh-12 P-25RECh-12 P-26RECh-12 P-27RECh-12 P-28RECh-12 P-29RECh-12 P-30RECh-12 P-31RECh-12 P-32RECh-12 P-33RECh-12 P-34RECh-12 P-35RECh-12 P-36RECh-12 P-37RECh-12 P-38RECh-12 P-39RECh-12 P-40RECh-12 P-41RECh-12 P-42RECh-12 P-43RECh-12 P-44RECh-12 P-45RECh-12 P-46RECh-12 P-47RECh-12 P-48RECh-12 P-49RECh-12 P-1TCh-12 P-2TCh-12 P-3TCh-12 P-4TCh-12 P-5TCh-12 P-6TCh-12 P-7TCh-12 P-8TCh-12 P-9TCh-12 P-10TCh-12 P-11TCh-12 P-12TCh-12 P-13TCh-12 P-14TCh-12 P-15TCh-12 P-16TCh-12 P-17TCh-12 P-18TCh-12 P-19TCh-12 P-20TCh-12 P-21TCh-12 P-22T

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