Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781305079243
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 13, Problem 119E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The pH value for each of the given solutions to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The pH of a solution is defined as a figure that expresses the acidity of the alkalinity of a given solution.

The pOH of a solution is calculated by the formula, pOH=log[OH]

The sum, pH+pOH=14

At equilibrium, the equilibrium constant expression is expressed by the formula,

Ka=ConcentrationofproductsConcentrationofreactants

The value of Kw is calculated by the formula,

Kw=KaKb

To determine: The pH value for each of the given solution of 0.10M CH3NH3Cl .

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 119E

Answer

The pH of the given solution of 0.10M CH3NH3Cl is 5.82_ .

Explanation of Solution

Explanation

The equilibrium constant expression for the given reaction is, Ka=[CH3NH2][H+][CH3NH3+]

CH3NH3+ is a stronger acid than H2O .

The dominant equilibrium reaction is,

CH3NH3+(aq)CH3NH2(aq)+H+(aq)

At equilibrium, the equilibrium constant expression is expressed by the formula,

Ka=ConcentrationofproductsConcentrationofreactants

Where,

  • Ka is the acid dissociation constant.

The equilibrium constant expression for the given reaction is,

Ka=[CH3NH2][H+][CH3NH3+] (1)

The Ka value is 2.28×10-11M_ .

The value, Kw=KaKb

The value of Kb for methyl amine is 4.38×104 .

The value of Ka is calculated by the formula,

Ka=KwKb

Substitute the value of Kb in the above expression.

Ka=1.0×10144.38×104=2.28×10-11_

The [H+] is 1.50×10-6M_ .

The change in concentration of CH3NH3+ is assumed to be x .

The liquid components do not affect the value of the rate constant.

The ICE table for the stated reaction is,

CH3NH3+(aq)CH3NH2(aq)+H+(aq)Inititialconcentration0.100Changex+x+xEquilibriumconcentration0.1xxx

The equilibrium concentration of [CH3NH3+] is (0.1x)M .

The equilibrium concentration of [CH3NH2] is xM .

The equilibrium concentration of [H+] is xM .

The calculated value of Ka is 2.28×1011 .

Substitute the value of Ka , [CH3NH3+] , [CH3NH2] and [H+] in equation (1).

2.28×1011=[x][x][0.1x]2.28×1011=[x]2[0.1x]

Solve the above expression.

2.28×1011=[x]2[0.1x][x]=1.50×10-6M_

Therefore, the [H+] is 1.50×10-6M_ .

The pH of the given solution is 5.82_ .

The pH of a solution is calculated by the formula,

pH=log[H+]

Substitute the value of [H+] in the above expression.

pH=log[1.50×106]=5.82_

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The pH value for each of the given solutions to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The pH of a solution is defined as a figure that expresses the acidity of the alkalinity of a given solution.

The pOH of a solution is calculated by the formula, pOH=log[OH]

The sum, pH+pOH=14

At equilibrium, the equilibrium constant expression is expressed by the formula,

Ka=ConcentrationofproductsConcentrationofreactants

The value of Kw is calculated by the formula,

Kw=KaKb

To determine: The pH value for each of the given solution of 0.050M NaCN .

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 119E

Answer

The pH of the given solution of 0.050M NaCN is 10.945_ .

Explanation of Solution

Explanation

The equilibrium constant expression for the given reaction is,

Kb=[HCN][H+][CN]

The dominant equilibrium reaction is,

CN(aq)+H2O(l)HCN(aq)+OH(aq)

At equilibrium, the equilibrium constant expression is expressed by the formula,

Kb=ConcentrationofproductsConcentrationofreactants

Where,

  • Kb is the base ionization constant.

The equilibrium constant expression for the given reaction is,

Kb=[HCN][H+][CN] (1)

The Kb value is 1.61×10-5_ .

The value, Kw=KaKb

The value of Ka for HCN is 6.2×1010 .

The value of Kb is calculated by the formula,

Kb=KwKa

Substitute the value of Kb in the above expression.

Kb=1.0×10146.2×1010=1.61×10-5_

The [OH] is 8.8×10-4M_ .

The change in concentration of CN is assumed to be x .

The liquid components do not affect the value of the rate constant.

The ICE table for the stated reaction is,

CN(aq)HCN(aq)+OH(aq)Inititialconcentration0.0500Changex+x+xEquilibriumconcentration0.05xxx

The equilibrium concentration of [CN] is (0.05x)M .

The equilibrium concentration of [HCN] is xM .

The equilibrium concentration of [OH] is xM .

The calculated value of Kb is 1.61×105 .

Substitute the value of Kb , [CN] , [CN] and [OH] in equation (1).

1.61×105=[x][x][0.05x]1.61×105=[x]2[0.05x]

Solve the above expression.

1.61×105=[x]2[0.05x][x]=8.8×10-4M_

Therefore, the [OH] is 8.8×10-4M_ .

The pOH of the given solution is 3.055_ .

The pOH of a solution is calculated by the formula,

pOH=log[OH]

Substitute the value of [OH] in the above expression.

pOH=log[8.8×104]=3.055_

The pH of the given solution is 10.945_ .

The sum, pH+pOH=14

The value of pH is calculated by the formula,

pH=14pOH

Substitute the calculated value of pOH in the above expression.

pH=143.055=10.945_

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Chapter 13 Solutions

Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach

Ch. 13 - Prob. 1ALQCh. 13 - Differentiate between the terms strength and...Ch. 13 - Sketch two graphs: (a) percent dissociation for...Ch. 13 - Prob. 4ALQCh. 13 - Prob. 5ALQCh. 13 - Prob. 6ALQCh. 13 - Prob. 7ALQCh. 13 - Prob. 8ALQCh. 13 - Consider a solution formed by mixing 100.0 mL of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 10ALQCh. 13 - Prob. 11ALQCh. 13 - Prob. 12ALQCh. 13 - What is meant by pH? True or false: A strong acid...Ch. 13 - Prob. 14ALQCh. 13 - Prob. 15ALQCh. 13 - Prob. 16ALQCh. 13 - Prob. 17ALQCh. 13 - The salt BX, when dissolved in water, produces an...Ch. 13 - Anions containing hydrogen (for example, HCO3 and...Ch. 13 - Prob. 20QCh. 13 - Prob. 21QCh. 13 - Prob. 22QCh. 13 - Prob. 23QCh. 13 - Prob. 24QCh. 13 - Prob. 25QCh. 13 - The following are representations of acidbase...Ch. 13 - Prob. 27QCh. 13 - Prob. 28QCh. 13 - Prob. 29QCh. 13 - Prob. 30QCh. 13 - Prob. 31QCh. 13 - Prob. 32QCh. 13 - Prob. 33QCh. 13 - Prob. 34QCh. 13 - Write balanced equations that describe the...Ch. 13 - Write the dissociation reaction and the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 37ECh. 13 - For each of the following aqueous reactions,...Ch. 13 - Classify each of the following as a strong acid or...Ch. 13 - Consider the following illustrations: Which beaker...Ch. 13 - Use Table 13-2 to order the following from the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 42ECh. 13 - Prob. 43ECh. 13 - Prob. 44ECh. 13 - Prob. 45ECh. 13 - Prob. 46ECh. 13 - Values of Kw as a function of temperature are as...Ch. 13 - At 40.C the value of Kw is 2.92 1014. a....Ch. 13 - Calculate the pH and pOH of the solutions in...Ch. 13 - Calculate [H+] and [OH] for each solution at 25C....Ch. 13 - Prob. 51ECh. 13 - Fill in the missing information in the following...Ch. 13 - The pH of a sample of gastric juice in a persons...Ch. 13 - The pOH of a sample of baking soda dissolved in...Ch. 13 - What are the major species present in 0.250 M...Ch. 13 - A solution is prepared by adding 50.0 mL of 0.050...Ch. 13 - Calculate the pH of each of the following...Ch. 13 - Calculate the pH of each of the following...Ch. 13 - Calculate the concentration of an aqueous HI...Ch. 13 - Prob. 60ECh. 13 - Prob. 61ECh. 13 - A solution is prepared by adding 50.0 mL...Ch. 13 - Prob. 63ECh. 13 - Prob. 64ECh. 13 - Calculate the concentration of all species present...Ch. 13 - Calculate the percent dissociation for a 0.22-M...Ch. 13 - For propanoic acid (HC3H5O2, Ka = 1.3 105),...Ch. 13 - A solution is prepared by dissolving 0.56 g...Ch. 13 - Monochloroacetic acid, HC2H2ClO2, is a skin...Ch. 13 - A typical aspirin tablet contains 325 mg...Ch. 13 - Calculate the pH of a solution that contains 1.0 M...Ch. 13 - Prob. 72ECh. 13 - Calculate the percent dissociation of the acid in...Ch. 13 - Prob. 74ECh. 13 - A 0.15-M solution of a weak acid is 3.0%...Ch. 13 - An acid HX is 25% dissociated in water. If the...Ch. 13 - Trichloroacetic acid (CCl3CO2H) is a corrosive...Ch. 13 - The pH of a 0.063-M solution of hypobromous acid...Ch. 13 - A solution of formic acid (HCOOH, Ka = 1.8 104)...Ch. 13 - Prob. 80ECh. 13 - Prob. 81ECh. 13 - You have 100.0 g saccharin, a sugar substitute,...Ch. 13 - Write the reaction and the corresponding Kb...Ch. 13 - Write the reaction and the corresponding Kb...Ch. 13 - Prob. 85ECh. 13 - Use Table 13-3 to help order the following acids...Ch. 13 - Use Table 13-3 to help answer the following...Ch. 13 - Prob. 88ECh. 13 - Calculate the pH of the following solutions. a....Ch. 13 - Calculate [OH], pOH, and pH for each of the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 91ECh. 13 - Prob. 92ECh. 13 - What mass of KOH is necessary to prepare 800.0 mL...Ch. 13 - Calculate the concentration of an aqueous Sr(OH)2...Ch. 13 - Prob. 95ECh. 13 - For the reaction of hydrazine (N2H4) in water,...Ch. 13 - Calculate [OH], [H+], and the pH of 0.20 M...Ch. 13 - Calculate [OH], [H+], and the pH of 0.40 M...Ch. 13 - Calculate the pH of a 0.20-M C2H5NH2 solution (Kb...Ch. 13 - Prob. 100ECh. 13 - What is the percent ionization in each of the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 102ECh. 13 - The pH of a 0.016-M aqueous solution of...Ch. 13 - Calculate the mass of HONH2 required to dissolve...Ch. 13 - Prob. 105ECh. 13 - Prob. 106ECh. 13 - Prob. 107ECh. 13 - Arsenic acid (H3AsO4) is a triprotic acid with Ka1...Ch. 13 - Prob. 109ECh. 13 - Calculate [CO32] in a 0.010-M solution of CO2 in...Ch. 13 - Prob. 111ECh. 13 - Calculate the pH of a 5.0 103-M solution of...Ch. 13 - Arrange the following 0.10 M solutions in order of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 114ECh. 13 - Prob. 115ECh. 13 - The Kb values for ammonia and methylamine are 1.8 ...Ch. 13 - Determine [OH], [H+], and the pH of each of the...Ch. 13 - Calculate the concentrations of all species...Ch. 13 - Prob. 119ECh. 13 - Prob. 120ECh. 13 - Prob. 121ECh. 13 - Papaverine hydrochloride (abbreviated papH+Cl;...Ch. 13 - An unknown salt is either NaCN, NaC2H3O2, NaF,...Ch. 13 - Prob. 124ECh. 13 - A 0.050-M solution of the salt NaB has a pH of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 126ECh. 13 - Prob. 127ECh. 13 - Prob. 128ECh. 13 - Are solutions of the following salts acidic,...Ch. 13 - Prob. 130ECh. 13 - Prob. 131ECh. 13 - Prob. 132ECh. 13 - Place the species in each of the following groups...Ch. 13 - Prob. 134ECh. 13 - Will the following oxides give acidic, basic, or...Ch. 13 - Prob. 136ECh. 13 - Prob. 137ECh. 13 - Prob. 138ECh. 13 - Prob. 139ECh. 13 - Zinc hydroxide is an amphoteric substance. Write...Ch. 13 - Prob. 141ECh. 13 - Prob. 142ECh. 13 - Prob. 143AECh. 13 - Prob. 144AECh. 13 - A solution is tested for pH and conductivity as...Ch. 13 - The pH of human blood is steady at a value of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 147AECh. 13 - Prob. 148AECh. 13 - Prob. 149AECh. 13 - Prob. 150AECh. 13 - Acrylic acid (CH29CHCO2H) is a precursor for many...Ch. 13 - Prob. 152AECh. 13 - Prob. 153AECh. 13 - Prob. 154AECh. 13 - Prob. 155AECh. 13 - Prob. 156AECh. 13 - Prob. 157AECh. 13 - Prob. 158AECh. 13 - Prob. 159AECh. 13 - Prob. 160AECh. 13 - Prob. 161AECh. 13 - For solutions of the same concentration, as acid...Ch. 13 - Prob. 163CWPCh. 13 - Consider a 0.60-M solution of HC3H5O3, lactic acid...Ch. 13 - Prob. 165CWPCh. 13 - Prob. 166CWPCh. 13 - Consider 0.25 M solutions of the following salts:...Ch. 13 - Calculate the pH of the following solutions: a....Ch. 13 - Prob. 169CWPCh. 13 - Prob. 170CPCh. 13 - Prob. 171CPCh. 13 - Prob. 172CPCh. 13 - Prob. 173CPCh. 13 - Prob. 174CPCh. 13 - Calculate the pH of a 0.200-M solution of C5H5NHF....Ch. 13 - Determine the pH of a 0.50-M solution of NH4OCl....Ch. 13 - Prob. 177CPCh. 13 - Prob. 178CPCh. 13 - Consider 1000. mL of a 1.00 104-M solution of a...Ch. 13 - Calculate the mass of sodium hydroxide that must...Ch. 13 - Prob. 181CPCh. 13 - Prob. 182CPCh. 13 - Will 0.10 M solutions of the following salts be...Ch. 13 - Prob. 184CPCh. 13 - A 0.100-g sample of the weak acid HA (molar mass =...Ch. 13 - Prob. 186CPCh. 13 - A 2.14 g sample of sodium hypoiodite is dissolved...Ch. 13 - Isocyanic acid (HNCO) can be prepared by heating...Ch. 13 - Prob. 189IPCh. 13 - An aqueous solution contains a mixture of 0.0500 M...Ch. 13 - Prob. 191MP
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