General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781285853918
Author: H. Stephen Stoker
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 13, Problem 13.74EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether hydration of 2-butene will give one or two products has to be identified based on Markovnikov’s rule.

Concept Introduction:

Chemical reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms are added to each carbon atom of a carbon‑carbon multiple bond in a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative is known as addition reaction.

In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of alkene can be given as shown below,

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.74EP , additional homework tip  1

Addition reactions can be classified broadly into two types. They are asymmetrical addition reaction and symmetrical addition reaction.

Symmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the same atom or same group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Unsymmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the different atom or different group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Markovnikov’s rule:

When an unsymmetrical molecule of formula HQ to an unsymmeterical alkene, the hydrogen atom from HQ gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom which has the most hydrogen atoms. In other words, it can be said that the hydrogen atom gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom that is least substituted.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether hydration of 2-pentene will give one or two products has to be identified based on Markovnikov’s rule.

Concept Introduction:

Chemical reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms are added to each carbon atom of a carbon‑carbon multiple bond in a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative is known as addition reaction.

In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of alkene can be given as shown below,

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.74EP , additional homework tip  2

Addition reactions can be classified broadly into two types. They are asymmetrical addition reaction and symmetrical addition reaction.

Symmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the same atom or same group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Unsymmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the different atom or different group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Markovnikov’s rule:

When an unsymmetrical molecule of formula HQ to an unsymmeterical alkene, the hydrogen atom from HQ gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom which has the most hydrogen atoms. In other words, it can be said that the hydrogen atom gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom that is least substituted.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether hydration of cyclobutene will give one or two products has to be identified based on Markovnikov’s rule.

Concept Introduction:

Chemical reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms are added to each carbon atom of a carbon‑carbon multiple bond in a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative is known as addition reaction.

In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of alkene can be given as shown below,

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.74EP , additional homework tip  3

Addition reactions can be classified broadly into two types. They are asymmetrical addition reaction and symmetrical addition reaction.

Symmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the same atom or same group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Unsymmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the different atom or different group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Markovnikov’s rule:

When an unsymmetrical molecule of formula HQ to an unsymmeterical alkene, the hydrogen atom from HQ gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom which has the most hydrogen atoms. In other words, it can be said that the hydrogen atom gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom that is least substituted.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether hydration of cyclohexene will give one or two products has to be identified based on Markovnikov’s rule.

Concept Introduction:

Chemical reaction in which an atom or a group of atoms are added to each carbon atom of a carbon‑carbon multiple bond in a hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon derivative is known as addition reaction.

In this reaction no atoms or group of atoms are removed. Instead the unsaturated bond is reduced to saturated bond. A general scheme for addition reaction of alkene can be given as shown below,

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, Chapter 13, Problem 13.74EP , additional homework tip  4

Addition reactions can be classified broadly into two types. They are asymmetrical addition reaction and symmetrical addition reaction.

Symmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the same atom or same group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Unsymmetrical addition reactions is the one in which the different atom or different group of atoms are added across the carbon‑carbon multiple bonds.

Markovnikov’s rule:

When an unsymmetrical molecule of formula HQ to an unsymmeterical alkene, the hydrogen atom from HQ gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom which has the most hydrogen atoms. In other words, it can be said that the hydrogen atom gets attached to the unsaturated carbon atom that is least substituted.

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Chapter 13 Solutions

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry

Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 4QQCh. 13.4 - Prob. 1QQCh. 13.4 - Prob. 2QQCh. 13.5 - Prob. 1QQCh. 13.5 - Prob. 2QQCh. 13.5 - Prob. 3QQCh. 13.6 - Prob. 1QQCh. 13.6 - Prob. 2QQCh. 13.6 - Prob. 3QQCh. 13.7 - Prob. 1QQCh. 13.7 - Prob. 2QQCh. 13.7 - Prob. 3QQCh. 13.8 - Prob. 1QQCh. 13.8 - Prob. 2QQCh. 13.9 - Prob. 1QQCh. 13.9 - Prob. 2QQCh. 13.10 - Prob. 1QQCh. 13.10 - Prob. 2QQCh. 13.10 - Prob. 3QQCh. 13.10 - Prob. 4QQCh. 13.10 - Prob. 5QQCh. 13.11 - Prob. 1QQCh. 13.11 - Prob. 2QQCh. 13.11 - Prob. 3QQCh. 13.11 - Prob. 4QQCh. 13.11 - Prob. 5QQCh. 13.12 - Prob. 1QQCh. 13.12 - Prob. 2QQCh. 13.12 - Prob. 3QQCh. 13.12 - Prob. 4QQCh. 13.12 - Prob. 5QQCh. 13.13 - Prob. 1QQCh. 13.13 - Prob. 2QQCh. 13.13 - Prob. 3QQCh. 13.14 - Prob. 1QQCh. 13.14 - Prob. 2QQCh. 13.14 - Prob. 3QQCh. 13.14 - Prob. 4QQCh. 13.15 - Prob. 1QQCh. 13.15 - Prob. 2QQCh. 13.15 - Prob. 3QQCh. 13.15 - Prob. 4QQCh. 13.16 - Prob. 1QQCh. 13.16 - Prob. 2QQCh. 13 - Classify each of the following hydrocarbons as...Ch. 13 - Classify each of the following hydrocarbons as...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.3EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.4EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.5EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.6EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.7EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.8EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.9EPCh. 13 - What is the molecular formula for each of the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.11EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.12EPCh. 13 - What is wrong, if anything, with the following...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.14EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.15EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.16EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.17EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.18EPCh. 13 - Draw a condensed structural formula for each of...Ch. 13 - Draw a condensed structural formula for each of...Ch. 13 - The following names are incorrect by IUPAC rules....Ch. 13 - The following names are incorrect by IUPAC rules....Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.23EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.24EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.25EPCh. 13 - Classify each of the following compounds as...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.27EPCh. 13 - How many hydrogen atoms are present in a molecule...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.29EPCh. 13 - Draw a line-angle structural formula for each of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.31EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.32EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.33EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.34EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.35EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.36EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.37EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.38EPCh. 13 - For each of the following pairs of alkenes,...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.40EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.41EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.42EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.43EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.44EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.45EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.46EPCh. 13 - For each molecule, indicate whether cistrans...Ch. 13 - For each molecule, indicate whether cistrans...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.49EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.50EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.51EPCh. 13 - Draw a structural formula for each of the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.53EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.54EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.55EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.56EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.57EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.58EPCh. 13 - Why is the number of carbon atoms in a terpene...Ch. 13 - How many isoprene units are present in a....Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.61EPCh. 13 - Indicate whether each of the following statements...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.63EPCh. 13 - With the help of Figure 13-7, indicate whether...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.65EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.66EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.67EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.68EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.69EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.70EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.71EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.72EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.73EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.74EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.75EPCh. 13 - Write a chemical equation showing reactants,...Ch. 13 - Supply the structural formula of the product in...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.78EPCh. 13 - What reactant would you use to prepare each of the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.80EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.81EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.82EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.83EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.84EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.85EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.86EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.87EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.88EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.89EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.90EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.91EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.92EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.93EPCh. 13 - What are the bond angles about the triple bond in...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.95EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.96EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.97EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.98EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.99EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.100EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.101EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.102EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.103EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.104EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.105EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.106EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.107EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.108EPCh. 13 - Assign each of the compounds in Problem 13-107 an...Ch. 13 - Assign each of the compounds in Problem 13-108 an...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.111EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.112EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.113EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.114EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.115EPCh. 13 - Write a structural formula for each of the...Ch. 13 - Eight isomeric substituted benzenes have the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.118EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.119EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.120EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.121EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.122EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.123EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.124EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.125EPCh. 13 - For each of the following classes of compounds,...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13.127EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.128EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.129EPCh. 13 - Prob. 13.130EP
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