Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: The form of Hemoglobin favored in our lungs and cells, effect of
Concept introduction: According to Le-Chatelier’s principle, whenever any condition (temperature, volume, pressure, concentration) associated with a system is changed, the system adjusts itself in a way to minimize the effect of change. In other words if a certain condition associated with a
To determine: The form of Hemoglobin favored in our lungs and cells.
(b)
Interpretation: The form of Hemoglobin favored in our lungs and cells, effect of
Concept introduction: According to Le-Chatelier’s principle, whenever any condition (temperature, volume, pressure, concentration) associated with a system is changed, the system adjusts itself in a way to minimize the effect of change. In other words if a certain condition associated with a chemical reaction is changed then the reaction shifts in that direction where the effect of that condition is being opposed.
To determine: The effect of
(c)
Interpretation: The form of Hemoglobin favored in our lungs and cells, effect of
Concept introduction: According to Le-Chatelier’s principle, whenever any condition (temperature, volume, pressure, concentration) associated with a system is changed, the system adjusts itself in a way to minimize the effect of change. In other words if a certain condition associated with a chemical reaction is changed then the reaction shifts in that direction where the effect of that condition is being opposed.
To determine: The importance of sodium bicarbonate injection at the time of cardiac arrest.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 13 Solutions
Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
- The pigment cyanidin aglycone is one of the anthocyanin molecules that gives red cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. rubra) its characteristic red coloration. Many chemistry students have used this red cabbage indicator to study acid-base chemistry. Estimate tire pH range at which cyanidin agly-cone shows a color change. Anth-H(aq) Anth(aq) + H+ (aq) Ka = 1.3 107arrow_forwardTable 13-4 lists the stepwise Ka values for some polyprotic acids. What is the difference between a monoprotic acid, a diprotic acid, and a triprotic acid? Most polyprotic acids are weak acids; the major exception is H2SO4. To solve for the pH of a solution of H2SO4, you must generally solve a strong acid problem as well as a weak acid problem. Explain. Write out the reactions that refer to Ka1 and Ka2 for H2SO4. For H3PO4, Ka1 = 7.5 103, Ka2 = 6.2 108, and Ka3= 4.8 1013. Write out the reactions that refer to the Ka1, Ka2and Ka3equilibrium constants. What are the three acids in a solution of H3PO4? Which acid is strongest? What are the three conjugate bases in a solution of H3PO4? Which conjugate base is strongest? Summarize the strategy for calculating the pH of a polyprotic acid in water.arrow_forwardA chemist wanted to determine the concentration of a solution of lactic acid, HC3H5O3. She found that the pH of the solution was 2.60. What was the concentration of the solution? The Kd of lactic acid is 1.4 104.arrow_forward
- Saccharin, a sugar substitute, is a weak acid with the formula, HC7H4NSO3. The pKa of saccharin is 2.320. d. What are the equilibrium concentrations of the reactants and products in a 0.100M solution of saccharin? e. What is the pH, pOH, and %ionization of this weak acid?arrow_forwardBoric acid, BOH is used as a mild antiseptic. What is the pH of a 0.025 aqueous solutionof boric acid? What is the degree of ionisation of boric acid in this solution? Thehydrogen ion arises principally from the reaction:B(OH)3(aq) + H2O(l) B(OH)4(aq)_+ H+(aq)The equilibrium constant for this reaction is 5.9x10-10arrow_forwardBoric acid, BOH is used as a mild antiseptic. What is the pH of a 0.025 aqueous solutionof boric acid? What is the degree of ionisation of boric acid in this solution? Thehydrogen ion arises principally from the reaction:B(OH)3(aq) + H2O(l) B(OH)4(aq)_+ H+(aq)The equilibrium constant for this reaction is 5.9 x 10-10arrow_forward
- 1) Vinegar sold commercially is typically 0.8−1.0 M acetic acid. A 1.00 M solution of acetic acid is measured by its pH to have an equilibrium concentration of 4.19×10−3 M for both acetate ions and hydronium ions at room temperature. Assuming [HOAc]0 = 1.00 M, what is the equilibrium concentration of undissociated acetic acid [HOAc]eq to the correct number of significant figures?arrow_forwardA weak acid, HA, is a monoprotic acid. A solution that is 0.220 Min HA has a pH of 2.440 at 25°C. HA(aq) + H2O(1) H30¯(aq) + A¯(aq) What is the acid-ionization constant, K. for this acid? What is the degree of ionization of the acid in this solution? Ka= Degree of ionization: =arrow_forwardMethanoic acid is also called formic acid. It has the chemical formula HCOOH(l). It is a colourless fuming liquid that is mainly used as a preservative. It exhibits the following equilibrium in water:HCOOH(aq) + H2O(l) → HCOO–(aq) + H3O+(aq) 4) The concentration of the hydroxide ion, OH-(aq), in an aqueous solution is 2.5 x 10–3 mol/L. What is the pH of the solution? PLEASE HELP THIS IS VERY URGENTarrow_forward
- Formic acid, HCOOH, ionizes in water according to the following equation. The equilibrium constant is K = 1.8 × 10–4. $$HCOOH(aq)+H2O(l)HCOO−(aq)+H3O+(aq) Calculate the equilibrium concentration of H3O+ in a 0.985 M solution. Marrow_forwardConsider the ionization of nitrous acid at 25 °C: HNO2(aq) + H2O(l)H3O+(aq) + NO2–(aq) ΔG° = 19.1 kJ·mol–1What is the value of K for this equilibrium? 2.2 2.0×10–7 2.2×103 4.5×10–4arrow_forwardThe equilibrium equation for the auto-ionization of water is indicated below, what is the equilibrium constant at 25 °C? H2O ↔ H+ + OH-arrow_forward
- ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: An Atoms First ApproachChemistryISBN:9781305079243Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. ZumdahlPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry for Engineering StudentsChemistryISBN:9781337398909Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom HolmePublisher:Cengage LearningGeneral Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...ChemistryISBN:9781305580343Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; DarrellPublisher:Cengage Learning