Chapter 13, Problem 1aCP

State the components of the circulatory system that function in oxygen transport, in the transport of nutrients from the digestive system, and in protection.

Summary Introduction

To review:

The components of circulatory system that function in the transport of oxygen, nutrients and protection.

Introduction:

The vertebrates have different organ-systems for different physiological activities, such as nervous system, respiratory system, digestive, excretory and circulatory systems. The circulatory system circulates blood throughout the body and also respiratory gases such as oxygen, carbon dioxide that are essential for the cells to perform their functions.

Explanation of Solution

The circulatory system includes heart, lungs and blood vessels which are meant for the regulating the circulation or movement of oxygenated blood in the body. The circulatory system is mainly divided into cardiovascular (heart and vessels are involved) system and lymphatic system. The circulatory system contains heart and blood vessels; and the lymphatic system contains lymphoid tissues and lymphatic vessels within the spleen, lymphoid and so on.

The red blood cells in the blood are responsible for transportation of oxygen to the cells in the body. Carbon dioxide which is produced by cells, is carried through the blood to the lungs, where this gas is exhaled from the body. The blood has the responsibility to transport nutrients from the digestive system to various cells in the body in order to fulfil their energy and other metabolic requirements. The white blood cells or leukocytes have been assigned the immune functions and these cells provide protection against numerous pathogens which may gain entry in the body.