Fluid Mechanics: Fundamentals and Applications
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781259696534
Author: Yunus A. Cengel Dr., John M. Cimbala
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 13, Problem 1CP
What is the driving force for flow in an open channel? How is the flow rate in an open channel established?
Expert Solution & Answer
To determine
Driving force and establishment of flow rate in open channel.
Explanation of Solution
Open channel flow is derived by gravitational force. Potential head gives kinetic energy to the fluid in open channel just like in river. Open channel flow is completely different from pipe flow as in pipe flow pressure force is the major deriving force. In the open channel flow pressure remains constant as atmospheric pressure.
In open channel flow two forces plays role in establishment of flow rate which are gravity and frictional forces. Gravity force gives energy to accelerate the motion of fluid and hence increase the flow rate on the other hand friction is responsible to decrease the flow rate. Hence, the dynamic balance between frictional and gravity gives the establishment of flow rate.
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Chapter 13 Solutions
Fluid Mechanics: Fundamentals and Applications
Ch. 13 - What is the driving force for flow in an open...Ch. 13 - How does open-channel flow differ from internal...Ch. 13 - Prob. 3CPCh. 13 - Prob. 4CPCh. 13 - What is normal depth? Explain how it is...Ch. 13 - How does uniform flow differ from nonuniform flow...Ch. 13 - Prob. 7CPCh. 13 - Prob. 8CPCh. 13 - Prob. 9CPCh. 13 - Prob. 10CP
Ch. 13 - Prob. 11CPCh. 13 - Water at 20°C flows in a partially full...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13PCh. 13 - Prob. 14PCh. 13 - Prob. 15PCh. 13 - Prob. 16PCh. 13 - Water at 10°C flows in a 3-rn-diameter circular...Ch. 13 - Prob. 18PCh. 13 - Prob. 19PCh. 13 - Prob. 20CPCh. 13 - Prob. 21CPCh. 13 - Prob. 22CPCh. 13 - Prob. 23CPCh. 13 - Prob. 24CPCh. 13 - Prob. 25CPCh. 13 - Consider steady supercritical flow of water...Ch. 13 - During steady and uniform flow through an open...Ch. 13 - How is the friction slope defined? Under what...Ch. 13 - Prob. 29PCh. 13 - Prob. 30EPCh. 13 - Prob. 31EPCh. 13 - Prob. 32PCh. 13 - Prob. 33PCh. 13 - Prob. 34PCh. 13 - Prob. 35PCh. 13 - Prob. 36PCh. 13 - Prob. 37PCh. 13 - Prob. 38CPCh. 13 - Which is the best hydraulic cross section for an...Ch. 13 - Prob. 40CPCh. 13 - Prob. 41CPCh. 13 - Prob. 42CPCh. 13 - Prob. 43CPCh. 13 - Prob. 44CPCh. 13 - Prob. 45PCh. 13 - A 3-ft-diameter semicircular channel made of...Ch. 13 - A trapezoidal channel with a bottom width of 6 m....Ch. 13 - Prob. 48PCh. 13 - Prob. 49PCh. 13 - Prob. 50PCh. 13 - Water is to be transported n a cast iron...Ch. 13 - Prob. 52PCh. 13 - Prob. 53PCh. 13 - Prob. 54PCh. 13 - Prob. 55PCh. 13 - Prob. 56PCh. 13 - Prob. 58EPCh. 13 - Prob. 59EPCh. 13 - Prob. 60PCh. 13 - Repeat Prob. 13-60 for a weedy excavated earth...Ch. 13 - Prob. 62PCh. 13 - During uniform flow n open channels, the flow...Ch. 13 - Prob. 64PCh. 13 - Is it possible for subcritical flow to undergo a...Ch. 13 - How does nonuniform or varied flow differ from...Ch. 13 - Prob. 67CPCh. 13 - Consider steady flow of water; an upward-sloped...Ch. 13 - How does gradually varied flow (GVF) differ from...Ch. 13 - Why is the hydraulic jump sometimes used to...Ch. 13 - Consider steady flow of water in a horizontal...Ch. 13 - Consider steady flow of water in a downward-sloped...Ch. 13 - Prob. 73CPCh. 13 - Prob. 74CPCh. 13 - Water is flowing in a 90° V-shaped cast iron...Ch. 13 - Prob. 76PCh. 13 - Consider the flow of water through a l2-ft-wde...Ch. 13 - Prob. 78PCh. 13 - Prob. 79PCh. 13 - Prob. 80PCh. 13 - Prob. 81EPCh. 13 - Water flowing in a wide horizontal channel at a...Ch. 13 - Water discharging into a 9-m-wide rectangular...Ch. 13 - During a hydraulic jump in a wide channel, the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 92PCh. 13 - Prob. 93CPCh. 13 - Prob. 94CPCh. 13 - Prob. 95CPCh. 13 - Prob. 96CPCh. 13 - Prob. 97CPCh. 13 - Prob. 98CPCh. 13 - Consider uniform water flow in a wide rectangular...Ch. 13 - Prob. 100PCh. 13 - Prob. 101PCh. 13 - Prob. 102EPCh. 13 - Prob. 103PCh. 13 - Prob. 104PCh. 13 - Prob. 105PCh. 13 - Prob. 106EPCh. 13 - Prob. 107EPCh. 13 - Prob. 108PCh. 13 - Prob. 109PCh. 13 - Prob. 111PCh. 13 - Repeat Prob. 13-111 for an upstream flow depth of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 113PCh. 13 - Prob. 114PCh. 13 - Repeat Prob. 13-114 for an upstream flow depth of...Ch. 13 - Prob. 116PCh. 13 - Prob. 117PCh. 13 - Prob. 118PCh. 13 - Prob. 119PCh. 13 - Water flows in a canal at an average velocity of 6...Ch. 13 - Prob. 122PCh. 13 - A trapczoda1 channel with brick lining has a...Ch. 13 - Prob. 124PCh. 13 - A rectangular channel with a bottom width of 7 m...Ch. 13 - Prob. 126PCh. 13 - Prob. 128PCh. 13 - Prob. 129PCh. 13 - Consider o identical channels, one rectangular of...Ch. 13 - The flow rate of water in a 6-m-ide rectangular...Ch. 13 - Prob. 132EPCh. 13 - Prob. 133EPCh. 13 - Consider two identical 15-ft-wide rectangular...Ch. 13 - Prob. 138PCh. 13 - Prob. 139PCh. 13 - A sluice gate with free outflow is used to control...Ch. 13 - Prob. 141PCh. 13 - Prob. 142PCh. 13 - Repeat Prob. 13-142 for a velocity of 3.2 ms after...Ch. 13 - Water is discharged from a 5-rn-deep lake into a...Ch. 13 - Prob. 145PCh. 13 - Prob. 146PCh. 13 - Prob. 147PCh. 13 - Prob. 148PCh. 13 - Prob. 149PCh. 13 - Prob. 150PCh. 13 - Prob. 151PCh. 13 - Prob. 152PCh. 13 - Water f1ows in a rectangular open channel of width...Ch. 13 - Prob. 154PCh. 13 - Prob. 155PCh. 13 - Prob. 156PCh. 13 - Prob. 157PCh. 13 - Prob. 158PCh. 13 - Prob. 159PCh. 13 - Prob. 160PCh. 13 - Prob. 161PCh. 13 - Prob. 162PCh. 13 - Prob. 163PCh. 13 - Prob. 164PCh. 13 - Prob. 165PCh. 13 - Consider water flow in the range of 10 to 15 m3/s...
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- How is the friction slope defined? Under what conditions is it equal to the bottom slope of an open channel?arrow_forwardWhat is the concept of specific energy in open channel flow, and how is it related to flow depth and velocity?arrow_forwardHow does uniform flow differ from nonuniform flow in open channels? In what kind of channels is uniform flow observed?arrow_forward
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