Concept explainers
Introduction: Molecules that are formed from the transcription of DNAs but do not get translated to proteins are called non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). nRNAs affect gene expression. Examples of ncRNAs that are involved in epigenetics are miRNAs, piRNAs and siRNAs.
Answer to Problem 1TY
Correct answer: DNA and RNA both bind to an ncRNA through base pairing. Hence, the correct answer is option e.
Explanation of Solution
Reason for correct answer:
Many different functions are carried out by ncRNAs because they have the ability to bind with many different types of molecules, such as DNA, other mRNAs, proteins or other small molecules. ncRNAs can affect different processes, such as
Option e. is given as “both a and b”.
The types of molecules that could bind to an ncRNA through base pairing are DNA and RNA. Hence, the correct answer is option e.
Reasons for incorrect answer:
Option a. is given as, “DNA”.
ncRNAs affect gene expression by binding to different molecules, such as DNA, mRNA, proteins, and small molecules. They play a very important role in affecting transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and epigenetic regulation. On binding to DNA molecules, ncRNAs may affect DNA replication, transcription, and translation. This is possible through complementary base pairing of ncRNAs with DNA strands. However, ncRNAs bind to both RNAs and DNAs. Hence, option a. is incorrect.
Option b. is given as, “RNA”.
By binding to different molecules, such as DNA, mRNA, proteins, and small molecules, ncRNAs affect gene expression. Transcriptional, post-transcriptional and epigenetic regulation occurs as a result of this binding. Binding of ncRNAs to other mRNAs is possible through complementary base pairing. However, ncRNAs bind to both DNAs and RNAs. Hence, option b. is incorrect.
Option c. is given as, “protein”.
ncRNAs bind to different molecules such as DNA, mRNA, proteins and small molecules. They play a very important role in affecting transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and epigenetic regulation. Binding of ncRNAs with proteins does not occur by the process of complementary base pairing as proteins do not have bases. Hence, option c. is incorrect.
Option d. is given as, “small molecule”.
Small molecules bind to ncRNAs and help in maintaining transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and epigenetic regulation. Binding of ncRNAs with small molecules does not occur by the process of complementary base pairing as small molecules do not have bases. Hence, option d. is incorrect.
Hence, the options a., b., c., and d. are incorrect.
Thus, DNA and RNA both bind to ncRNA through base pairing to carry out regulation of transcription, translation, and epigenetic modifications.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 13 Solutions
Biology
- Abnormalities in the expression of ncRNAs are associated witha. many forms of cancer.b. neurological disorders.c. cardiovascular diseases.d. all of the above.arrow_forwardmiRNA molecules act as specificity factors, which direct effector proteins to target ______ molecules via base-pairing. A. RNA B. Carbohydrate C. Lipid D. DNA E. Proteinarrow_forwardAfter tmRNA releases an mRNA and aberrant polypeptide from a stuck ribosome, the resulting polypeptide will A) be translated B) be destroyed by a protease C) be inserted into the cell membrane D) be used to regulate gene expressionarrow_forward
- Define the following terms: a. noncoding RNA b. miRNA c. siRNA d. snoRNA e. lncRNAarrow_forwardPromoters are DNA sequences a. near a transcription start site b. bound to a repressor protein c. that inhibit transcription of a gene d. that stimulate ncRNA activityarrow_forwardExplain how ncRNA uses complementary base pairing with RNA to affect gene expression.arrow_forward
- Analyze the experimental evidence that double-strandedRNA is more potent than antisense RNA at inhibiting mRNA.arrow_forwardWhy do researchers believe lncRNA is a promising fieldfor developing drug therapies?arrow_forwardBecause it isn't that studied yet microRNAs have been referred to as ____ in the biology field. What are two possible functions of microRNA?arrow_forward
- Why do researchers believe lncRNA is a promising field for developing drug therapies and CRISPR/Cas can be used to treat disease?arrow_forwardWhat is required for ncRNAs to form stem-loop structures? Regions of complementary base sequence Interaction with other RNA molecules An enzyme to catalyze thr formation of covalent bonds Forming a complex with several proteinsarrow_forwardExplain how ncRNA uses complementary base pairing with DNA to affect gene expression.arrow_forward
- Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative a...NursingISBN:9781305964792Author:Wilburta Q. Lindh, Carol D. Tamparo, Barbara M. Dahl, Julie Morris, Cindy CorreaPublisher:Cengage Learning