An explanation corresponding to the fact that the boiling point of propanol is higher than that of propanal is to be stated. Concept introduction: The partial electrostatic forces of attraction that exists between hydrogen atom and any covalently bonded electronegative atom like oxygen atom is known as hydrogen bonding. The attractive dipolar forces between the molecules results in hydrogen bonds. Hydrogen bonding can be of two types; one is intramolecular hydrogen bonding and second is intermolecular hydrogen bonding. The intramolecular hydrogen bonding takes place within the molecule. The intermolecular hydrogen bonding takes place between different two molecules.

Question

Referring to question 10 of the handout: Butanal (MW= 72) has a boiling point of 76 °C while butanol (MW= 74) has a boiling point of 118 °C. What accounts for this difference in boiling points?

Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 14, Problem 14.15E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

An explanation corresponding to the fact that the boiling point of propanol is higher than that of propanal is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The partial electrostatic forces of attraction that exists between hydrogen atom and any covalently bonded electronegative atom like oxygen atom is known as hydrogen bonding. The attractive dipolar forces between the molecules results in hydrogen bonds.

Hydrogen bonding can be of two types; one is intramolecular hydrogen bonding and second is intermolecular hydrogen bonding. The intramolecular hydrogen bonding takes place within the molecule. The intermolecular hydrogen bonding takes place between different two molecules.

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Referring to question 10 of the handout: Butanal (MW= 72) has a boiling point of 76 °C while butanol (MW= 74) has a boiling point of 118 °C. What accounts for this difference in boiling points?

i. Why is the boiling point of the aldehyde greater than that of the alkane? ii. Why is the boiling point of alcohol the highest? iii. Explain why the solubility of aldehydes and alcohols falls as the molecules get bigger.

When methanol and glycerol mix with water, some heat is produced. Why does this happen, and why does methanol produce more heat than glycerol when mixed with water?

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 14, Problem 14.15E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

An explanation corresponding to the fact that the boiling point of propanol is higher than that of propanal is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The partial electrostatic forces of attraction that exists between hydrogen atom and any covalently bonded electronegative atom like oxygen atom is known as hydrogen bonding. The attractive dipolar forces between the molecules results in hydrogen bonds.

Hydrogen bonding can be of two types; one is intramolecular hydrogen bonding and second is intermolecular hydrogen bonding. The intramolecular hydrogen bonding takes place within the molecule. The intermolecular hydrogen bonding takes place between different two molecules.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 14, Problem 14.15E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

An explanation corresponding to the fact that the boiling point of propanol is higher than that of propanal is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The partial electrostatic forces of attraction that exists between hydrogen atom and any covalently bonded electronegative atom like oxygen atom is known as hydrogen bonding. The attractive dipolar forces between the molecules results in hydrogen bonds.

Hydrogen bonding can be of two types; one is intramolecular hydrogen bonding and second is intermolecular hydrogen bonding. The intramolecular hydrogen bonding takes place within the molecule. The intermolecular hydrogen bonding takes place between different two molecules.

Expert Solution & Answer

Trending nowThis is a popular solution!

See solution

Check out sample textbook solution

Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 14, Problem 14.15E

Interpretation Introduction