Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781285869759
Author: Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 14, Problem 14.79P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The structural formulas of five other
Concept Introduction:
The acid catalyzed hydration of alkenes result in the formation of alcohols. In this reaction, the hydrogen ion from the acid reacts with the pi electrons of the double bond resulting formation of carbocation. This carbocation can reacts with the lone pair on oxygen atom resulting substitution of hydronium ion group on the carbon having positive charge. The
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Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
Ch. 14.1 - Prob. 14.1PCh. 14.1 - Prob. 14.2PCh. 14.2 - Problem 14-3 Draw structural formulas for the...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 14.4PCh. 14.2 - Prob. 14.5PCh. 14.3 - Problem 14-6 Write the common name for each ether.Ch. 14.4 - Prob. 14.7PCh. 14 - 14-8 Answer true or false. The functional group of...Ch. 14 - 14-9 What is the difference in structure between a...Ch. 14 - 14-10 Which of the following are secondary...
Ch. 14 - 14-11 Which of the alcohols in Problem 14-10 are...Ch. 14 - 14-12 Write the 1UPAC name of each compound. (e)...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.13PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.14PCh. 14 - 14-15 Both alcohols and phenols contain an —OH...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.16PCh. 14 - 14-17 Explain in terms of noncovalent interactions...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.18PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.19PCh. 14 - 14-20 Show hydrogen bonding between methanol and...Ch. 14 - 14-21 Show hydrogen bonding between the oxygen of...Ch. 14 - 14-22 Arrange these compounds in order of...Ch. 14 - 14-23 Arrange these compounds in order of...Ch. 14 - 14-24 2-Propanol (isopropyl alcohol) is commonly...Ch. 14 - 14-25 Explain why glycerol is much thicker (more...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.26PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.27PCh. 14 - 14-28 Give the structural formula of an alkene or...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.29PCh. 14 - 14-30 Show how to distinguish between cyclohexanol...Ch. 14 - 14-31 Compare the acidity of alcohols and phenols,...Ch. 14 - 14-32 Both 2,6-diisopropylcyclohexanol and the...Ch. 14 - 14-33 Write equations for the reaction of...Ch. 14 - 14-34 Write equations for the reaction of...Ch. 14 - 14-35 Write equations for the reaction of each of...Ch. 14 - 14-36 Show how to convert cyclohexanol to these...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.37PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.38PCh. 14 - 14-39 Name two important alcohols derived from...Ch. 14 - 14-40 Name two important alcohols derived from...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.41PCh. 14 - 14-42 Write the common name for each ether. ch3...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.43PCh. 14 - 14-44 Answer true or false. (a) The functional...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.45PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.46PCh. 14 - 14-47 Following are structural formulas for...Ch. 14 - 14-48 Explain why methanethiol, CH3SH, has a lower...Ch. 14 - 14-49 Answer true or false. Today, the major...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.50PCh. 14 - 14-51 (Chemical Connections 14B) When was...Ch. 14 - 14-52 (Chemical Connections 14B) What was Alfred...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.53PCh. 14 - 14-54 (Chemical Connections 14C) What is the color...Ch. 14 - 14-55 (Chemical Connections 140 The legal...Ch. 14 - 14-56 (Chemical Connections 14D) What does it mean...Ch. 14 - 14-57 (Chemical Connections 14E) What are the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.58PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.59PCh. 14 - 14-60 Write a balanced equation for the complete...Ch. 14 - 14-61 Knowing what you do about electronegativity,...Ch. 14 - 14-62 Draw structural formulas and write IUPAC...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.63PCh. 14 - 14-64 Explain why the boiling point of ethylene...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.65PCh. 14 - 14-66 1,4-Butanediol, hexane, and 1-pentanol have...Ch. 14 - 14-67 Of the three compounds given in Problem...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.68PCh. 14 - 14-69 Show how to prepare each compound from...Ch. 14 - 14-70 Show how to prepare each compound from...Ch. 14 - 14-71 The mechanism of the acid-catalyzed...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.72PCh. 14 - 14-73 Lipoic acid is a growth factor for many...Ch. 14 - 14-74 Following is a structural formula for the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.75PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.76PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.77PCh. 14 - 14-78 Consider alkenes A, B, and C. each of which...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.79P
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- 12-50 Draw the structural formula of an alkene that undergoes acid-catalyzed hydration to give the indicated alcohol as the major product. More than one alkene may give each alcohol as the major product. 3-Hexanol 1-Methylcyclobutanol 2-Methyl-2-butanol 2-Propanolarrow_forwardDraw the structural formula of an alkene that undergoes acid-catalyzed hydration to give each of the following alcohols as the major product. More than one alkene may give each compound as the major productarrow_forward14-78 Consider alkenes A, B, and C. each of which has the same molecular formula, C(.H12. Alkenes B and C can each be separated into cis and trans isomers. Upon catalytic reduction using H,, in the presence of a transition metal catalyst (Ni, Pd, or Pt>, alkenes A, B, and C all give hexane as the only product. Acid- catalyzed hydration of alkene C gives one alcohol with the molecular formula CeH14O. Acid catalyzed- hydration of alkene B gives an equal mixture of two alcohols, each with the molecular formula C6H14O. Acid-catalyzed hydration of alkene C gives only a single alcohol with the molecular formula C6H14O. Propose structural formulas for alkenes A, B, and C and the alcohols formed by acid-catalyzed hydration of each, consistent with these experimental results.arrow_forward
- 14-30 Show how to distinguish between cyclohexanol and cyclohexene by a simple chemical test. Tell what you would do, what you would expect to see, and how you would interpret your observation.arrow_forward14-28 Give the structural formula of an alkene or alkenes from which each alcohol can be prepared. 2-Butanol 1-Methylcyclohexanol 3-Hexanol 2-Methyl-2-pentanol Cyclopentanolarrow_forward13-19 Suppose you have unlabeled bottles of benzene and cyclohexene. What chemical reaction could you use to tell which bottle contains which chemical? Explain what you would do, what you would expect to see, and how you would explain your observations. Write an equation for a positive test.arrow_forward
- 14-33 Write equations for the reaction of 1-butanol, a primary alcohol, with these reagents. H2SO4, heat K2Cr2O7, H2SO4arrow_forward13-20 Three products with the molecular formula CgH^BrCl form when bromobenzene is treated with chlorine, Cl2, in the presence of FeCl3 as a catalyst. Name and draw a structural formula for each product.arrow_forward14-66 1,4-Butanediol, hexane, and 1-pentanol have similar molecular weights. Their boiling points, arranged from lowest to highest, are 69°C, 138°C, and 230°C. Which compound has which boiling point?arrow_forward
- Following is the structural formula of hexabromocyclododecane. This compound was at one time used as a flame retardant in polystyrene foam insulation in buildings, but has now been banned because it had been shown to be toxic to aquatic organisms, and can disrupt thyroid hormone levels in laboratory test animals. In addition, it persists in the environment. Show how this flame retardant could be synthesized from a cycloalkatriene and write the structural formula and IUPAC name of this starting material. Br Hexabromocyclododecanearrow_forward14-49 Answer true or false. Today, the major carbon sources for the synthesis of methanol are coal and methane (natural gas), both nonrenewable resources. Today the major carbon sources for the synthesis of ethanol are petroleum and natural gas, both nonrenewable resources. Intermolecular acid-catalyzed dehydration of ethanol gives diethyl ether. Conversion of ethylene to ethylene glycol involves oxidation to ethylene oxide, followed by acid-catalyzed hydration (addition of water, to ethylene oxide. Ethylene glycol is soluble in water in all proportions. A major use of ethylene glycol is as automobile antifreeze.arrow_forwardDraw structural formulas for all possible carbocations formed by the reaction of each alkene with HC1. Label each carbocation as primary, secondary, or tertiary. ch3 I ch3ch,c=chch3 ch3ch2ch=chch3arrow_forward
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