Laboratory Experiments For Chemistry: The Central Science, Si Edition
Laboratory Experiments For Chemistry: The Central Science, Si Edition
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781292221335
Author: Theodore E. Brown
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 14, Problem 1DE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The experiment to determine the rate law and rate constant of the given reaction.

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 1DE

Solution: The rate law of the reaction is determined by measuring the extent of light absorbed by the solution by using spectrophotometer.

Explanation of Solution

Given

The chemical equation for the given hypothetical reaction is,

    aA+bBcC+dD

The reactants present in the reaction are water soluble.

The reactants B and D are colorless.

The reactant A has absorption maxima at 510nm .

The reactant C has absorption maxima at 640nm .

The rate law of the given reaction is determined by measuring the concentration of reactants at regular intervals of time in the given reaction. The concentration of the reactants in the given reaction is measured by measuring the extent of light absorbed by the sample at regular intervals of time by spectrophotometer. This provides the dependence of rate of the given reaction on the concentration of the reactant which gives the value of rate constant.

Conclusion

The rate law of the reaction is determined by measuring the extent of light absorbed by the solution by using spectrophotometer.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The experiment to determine the activation energy of the given reaction; also the challenges in carrying out this experiment.

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 1DE

Solution: The activation energy is calculated by plotting the graph of lnk versus 1T for the given reaction. The challenge is to measure concentrations of reactant at different temperatures.

Explanation of Solution

The activation energy of the given reaction is determined by using the formula,

    lnk=EaRT+lnA

Where,

  • k is the rate constant of the reaction.
  • Ea is the activation energy of the reaction.
  • R is the gas constant.
  • T is the temperature of the reaction.
  • A is the pre exponential factor.
The activation energy of the reaction is calculated by determining rate constant of the given reaction at different values of temperature experimentally. The slope of the graph drawn between the lnk versus 1T gives the value of activation energy.

The challenge faced in experimental determination of activation energy is to measure the rate constant of the reaction at different temperatures.

Conclusion

The activation energy is calculated by plotting the graph of lnk versus 1T for the given reaction. The challenge is to measure concentrations of reactant at different temperatures.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: If the given water soluble catalyst Q is the homogeneous catalyst for the given reaction or not.

(c)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 1DE

Solution: The regeneration of catalyst at the end of the reaction and the increase in the rate of reaction confirms the homogeneous catalysis.

Explanation of Solution

Given

The reactants present in the reaction medium are water soluble.

The homogeneous catalyst is the catalyst which is present in the reaction medium in the same phase as the reactants are present.

Since, the given catalyst is water soluble. Therefore, it is in the same phase as the reactants in the reaction medium.

The given catalyst is the homogeneous catalyst for the given reaction or not is tested by determining the nature of catalyst experimentally. The rate of the reaction before addition of catalyst and after addition of catalyst is compared which gives the confirmation of activity of the catalyst. The regeneration of catalyst in the same phase as it was added is the proof of homogeneous catalysis.

Conclusion

The regeneration of catalyst at the end of the reaction and the increase in the rate of reaction confirms the homogeneous catalysis.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The experiment required to know about the reaction profile of the reaction catalysis by catalyst Q.

(d)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 1DE

Solution: The energy profile diagram is drawn for the reaction in presence of catalyst and in absence of catalyst.

Explanation of Solution

The reaction change in the reaction profile of the given reaction is studied by plotting the graph of energy versus the reaction progress in presence of catalyst and in the absence of catalyst.

The activation energy is the minimum energy required to start the reaction. The addition of catalyst increases the rate of reaction by lowering the activation energy of the reaction. The difference in the activation energy of catalyzed and uncatalyzed reaction gives the exact activity of the catalyst.

Conclusion

The energy profile diagram is drawn for the reaction in presence of catalyst and in absence of catalyst.

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Chapter 14 Solutions

Laboratory Experiments For Chemistry: The Central Science, Si Edition

Ch. 14.3 - Consider the reaction examined above in the Sample...Ch. 14.3 - The following data were measured for the reaction...Ch. 14.4 - At 25 ° C, the decomposition of dinitrogen...Ch. 14.4 - Practice Exercise 2 The decomposition of dimethyl...Ch. 14.4 - Practice Exercise 1 For a certain reaction A ...Ch. 14.4 - Prob. 14.8.2PECh. 14.4 - Practice Exercise 1 We noted in an earlier...Ch. 14.4 - Practice Exercise 2 Using Equation 14.17,...Ch. 14.5 - Practice Exercise 1 This of the following change...Ch. 14.5 - Practice Exercise 2 Rank the rate constants of the...Ch. 14.5 - Practice Exercise 1 Using the data in Sample...Ch. 14.5 - Practice Exercise 2 To one significant figure,...Ch. 14.6 - Practice Exercise 1 Consider the following...Ch. 14.6 - For the reaction Mo(CO)6 +P(CH3)3 Mo(CO)5P(CH3)3...Ch. 14.6 - Practice Exercise 1 Consider the following...Ch. 14.6 - Practice Exercise 2 Consider the following...Ch. 14.6 - Practice Exercise 1 An Alternative two-step...Ch. 14.6 - Prob. 14.14.2PECh. 14.6 - Practice Exercise 1 Consider the...Ch. 14.6 - Prob. 14.15.2PECh. 14 - Prob. 1DECh. 14 - An automotive fuel injector dispenses a fine spray...Ch. 14 - Consider the following graph of the concentration...Ch. 14 - You study the rate of a reaction, measuring both...Ch. 14 - Suppose that for the reaction K+L M, you monitor...Ch. 14 - Prob. 5ECh. 14 - A friend studies a first-order reaction and...Ch. 14 - Prob. 7ECh. 14 - Which of the following linear plots do you expect...Ch. 14 - Prob. 9ECh. 14 - Prob. 10ECh. 14 - The following graph shows two different reaction...Ch. 14 - Prob. 12ECh. 14 - Prob. 13ECh. 14 - Draw a possible transition state for the...Ch. 14 - The following diagram represents an imaginary...Ch. 14 - 14.16 Draw a graph showing the reaction pathway...Ch. 14 - Prob. 17ECh. 14 - 14.18 (a) what are the units usually used to...Ch. 14 - Prob. 19ECh. 14 - A flask is charged with 0.100 mol of A and allowed...Ch. 14 - The isomerization of methyl isontrile (CH3NC) to...Ch. 14 - Prob. 22ECh. 14 - Prob. 23ECh. 14 - For each of the following gas-phase reactions,...Ch. 14 - (a) Consider the combustion of hydrogen, 2H2 (g) +...Ch. 14 - Prob. 26ECh. 14 - A reaction A+B C obeys the following rate law:...Ch. 14 - Prob. 28ECh. 14 - 14.29 The decomposition reaction of N2O5 in carbon...Ch. 14 - Prob. 30ECh. 14 - Prob. 31ECh. 14 - The reaction between ethyl bromide (C2H5Br) and...Ch. 14 - Prob. 33ECh. 14 - The reaction 2ClO2 (aq) + 2OH- (aq) ClO3- (aq) +...Ch. 14 - The following data were measured for the reaction...Ch. 14 - The following data were collected for the rate of...Ch. 14 - Consider the gas-phase reaction between nitric...Ch. 14 - Prob. 38ECh. 14 - Prob. 39ECh. 14 - Prob. 40ECh. 14 - Prob. 41ECh. 14 - Molecular iodine, I2 (g), dissociates into iodine...Ch. 14 - Prob. 43ECh. 14 - Prob. 44ECh. 14 - The reaction SO2Cl2 (g) O2 (g) + Cl2 (g) is first...Ch. 14 - Prob. 46ECh. 14 - Prob. 47ECh. 14 - Prob. 48ECh. 14 - Prob. 49ECh. 14 - Prob. 50ECh. 14 - (a) what factors determine whether a collision...Ch. 14 - (a) in which of the following reactions you expect...Ch. 14 - Calculate the fraction of atoms in a sample of...Ch. 14 - (a) the activation energy for the isomerization of...Ch. 14 - The gas-phase reaction CL (g) + HBr (g) + HCl (g)...Ch. 14 - Prob. 56ECh. 14 - Indicate whether each statement is true or false....Ch. 14 - Indicate whether each statement is true or false....Ch. 14 - Based on their activation energies and energy...Ch. 14 - Prob. 60ECh. 14 - Prob. 61ECh. 14 - Prob. 62ECh. 14 - The rate of the reaction CH3COOC2H5 (aq) + OH- ...Ch. 14 - Prob. 64ECh. 14 - Prob. 65ECh. 14 - Prob. 66ECh. 14 - What is the molecularity of each of the following...Ch. 14 - Prob. 68ECh. 14 - (a) based on the following reaction profile, how...Ch. 14 - Prob. 70ECh. 14 - Prob. 71ECh. 14 - Prob. 72ECh. 14 - The reaction 2NO (g) + CL2 (g) 2NOCl (g) was...Ch. 14 - You have studied the gas-phase oxidation of HBr by...Ch. 14 - Prob. 75ECh. 14 - Prob. 76ECh. 14 - Prob. 77ECh. 14 - Prob. 78ECh. 14 - Prob. 79ECh. 14 - The addition of No accelerates the decomposition...Ch. 14 - 14.81b Many metallic catalysts, particularly the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 82ECh. 14 - When D2 reacts with ethylene (C2H4) in the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 84ECh. 14 - Prob. 85ECh. 14 - The enzyme urease catalyzez the reaction of urea,(...Ch. 14 - Prob. 87ECh. 14 - Prob. 88ECh. 14 - Prob. 89AECh. 14 - Prob. 90AECh. 14 - Prob. 91AECh. 14 - Prob. 92AECh. 14 - Prob. 93AECh. 14 - Prob. 94AECh. 14 - Prob. 95AECh. 14 - Prob. 96AECh. 14 - [14.97]A first order reaction A B has the rate...Ch. 14 - Prob. 98AECh. 14 - Prob. 99AECh. 14 - Prob. 100AECh. 14 - Prob. 101AECh. 14 - Prob. 102AECh. 14 - Cyclopentadiene (C5H6) reacts with itself to form...Ch. 14 - Prob. 104AECh. 14 - At 280C, raw milk sours in 4.0 h but takes 48 h to...Ch. 14 - Prob. 106AECh. 14 - Prob. 107AECh. 14 - Prob. 108AECh. 14 - Prob. 109AECh. 14 - The following mechanism has been proposed for the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 111AECh. 14 - Prob. 112AECh. 14 - Platinum nanoparticles of diameter ~2 nm are...Ch. 14 - 14.114 One of the many remarkable enzymes in the...Ch. 14 - 14.115N Suppose that, in the absence of catalyst,...Ch. 14 - Prob. 116AECh. 14 - Dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5) decomposes in...Ch. 14 - The reaction between ethyl iodide and hydroxide...Ch. 14 - Prob. 119IECh. 14 - Prob. 120IECh. 14 - Prob. 121IECh. 14 - The rates of many atmospheric reactions are...Ch. 14 - Prob. 123IECh. 14 - Prob. 124IECh. 14 - Prob. 125IE
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