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Which of the following is not true of a single
a. It is usually caused by a translocation mutation.
b. It is usually caused by a nucleotide substitution mutation.
c. It may change the
d. It is inherited from parent to offspring.
Introduction:
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are a type of mutation in which one nucleotide at a particular position on deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is replaced by another nucleotide. SNPs are responsible for a number of genetic disorders in humans.
Answer to Problem 1MC
Correct answer:
SNPs cannot be caused by a translocation mutation.
Explanation of Solution
Justification/Explanation for the correct answer:
SNPs are caused by the replacement of one nucleotide at a particular position on the DNA by another nucleotide. Translocation refers to the rearrangement of segments of chromosomes, meaning that a particular segment of a chromosome breaks off from its location and reattaches at a new location. Option (a) is given that SNPs are usually caused by translocation mutations is a false statement. Hence, option (a) is correct.
Explanation for the incorrect answer:
Option (b) is given that SNPs are caused by nucleotide substitution mutations is a false statement. SNPs are caused by the substitution or replacement of a particular nucleotide at a given position with a different nucleotide. So, it is an incorrect option.
Option (c) is given that SNPs may change the phenotype of an organism is a false statement. SNPs can be of two types: synonymous and nonsynonymous. In a synonymous SNP, the amino acid coded by the triplet is not changed and the same protein is made. In a nonsynonymous SNP, the amino acid encoded by the triplet changes and an altered protein is made. This altered protein would give a different phenotype to the affected individual. So, it is an incorrect option.
Option (d) is given that SNPs are inherited from parent to offspring is a false statement. SNPs are changes in the DNA. Any change in the DNA of the parent will be passed on to his/her offspring because DNA is the basis of inheritance. So, it is an incorrect option.
Hence, options (b), (c), and (d) are incorrect.
Therefore, it can be concluded that SNPs are substitutions of a single nucleotide at a particular position by another nucleotide. They are passed on from the parent to the offspring and may alter the phenotype of the individual.
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Chapter 14 Solutions
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