Interpretation:
The reason for the generation of active enzymes due to mutation of serine or threonine residues to form aspartate needs to be explained.
Concept introduction:
Protein kinase is a type of kinase enzyme that modifies the biological activities of proteins by phosphorylating a specific kind of amino acid by using ATP as a source of phosphate.
Answer to Problem 1P
The mutation of serine or threonine substantially increases the ubiquitin-conjugating activities. Hence, it helps in the generation of active enzymes.
Explanation of Solution
In order to activate the protein kinases, phosphorylation can be done either on serine or on threonine residues because both of these are neutral residues. On getting phosphorylated, these get negatively charged. If serine and threonine is substituted by glutamate, then negatively charged glutamate is preferred more than the negatively charged phosphoserine or phosphothreonine to alter the tertiary structure of protein kinase into the active state.
Thus, by increasing the ubiquitin-conjugating activity substantially, mutation of serine or threonine leads to the generation of active enzymes.
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