Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 14, Problem 8TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Telomeres are short sequence of noncoding DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid at the end of eukaryotic chromosomes. These are repeated hundred to thousand times. Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein that adds telomeres to the DNA strands.
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Cancer cells can divide much longer than most other cells. One possible reason is the presence of telomerase in cancer cells. How might telomerase aid cancer cells?
A. It proofreads the telomere sequences.
B. It increases the length of the telomeres.
C. It decreases the length of the telomeres.
D. It stabilizes the bonds in the telomeres.
Define telomere and describe the possible connections between telomerase and cell aging and between telomerase and cancer.
Which of the following is true about the enzyme telomerase?
A. It is found only in adult cells.
B. It is responsible for telomere shortening.
C. It can re-establish telomere length.
D. It may speed up the aging process.
E. It is expressed at low levels in cancer cells.
Chapter 14 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 14.1 - Prob. 1SBCh. 14.2 - Prob. 1SBCh. 14.2 - Prob. 2SBCh. 14.2 - Prob. 3SBCh. 14.2 - Prob. 4SBCh. 14.3 - What is the importance of complementary base...Ch. 14.3 - Why is a primer needed for DNA replication? How is...Ch. 14.3 - DNA polymerase III and DNA polymerase I are used...Ch. 14.3 - Prob. 4SBCh. 14.4 - Why is a proofreading mechanism important for DNA...
Ch. 14 - Working on the Amazon River, a biologist isolated...Ch. 14 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 14 - Pyrimidines built from a single carbon ring are:...Ch. 14 - Which of the following statements about DNA...Ch. 14 - Which of the following statements about DNA is...Ch. 14 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 14 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 14 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 14 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 14 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 14 - Discuss Concepts Eukaryotic chromosomes can be...Ch. 14 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 14 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 14 - Discuss Concepts During replication, an error...Ch. 14 - Design an Experiment Design an experiment using...Ch. 14 - Prob. 16TYKCh. 14 - Prob. 1ITDCh. 14 - Prob. 2ITD
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- What is a nucleosome? a. A region in the cell’s nucleus that contains euchromatin b. A region of DNA wound around histone proteins c. A region of a chromosome made up of multiple loops of chromatin d. A 30-nm fiber found in chromatinarrow_forwardOne difference between cancer cells and normal cells is that cancer cells a. are always in the M phase b. are arrested at the S phase of the cell cycle c. are unable to synthesize DNA d. continue to divide even when they are tightly packed togetherarrow_forwardScientists have cloned some animals by injecting a nucleus from an early embryo into an enucleated egg cell. Does this outcome demonstrate that genetic material is not lost during development? Why or why not?arrow_forward
- Which of these is NOT true of nucleosomes? A. Some post-translational modifications to histone proteins serve as binding sites for transcription factors. B. The position of nucleosomes is fixed on the genome and can not be changed. C. The position and post-translational modifications of histones can be inherited through mitosis. D. The binding between DNA and histone proteins can be disrupted by post-translational modifications.arrow_forwardGene expression is a term that relates to Select one: A. DNA replication. B. the flow of genetic information from DNA to proteins. C. how genes are passed from parent to offspring. D. the unique set of genes in an individual.arrow_forwardIn your own words, explain how cancer cells differ from normal cells in regard to the following: Telomeres, which are products of telomerase enzymearrow_forward
- List and describe the processes that make up the central dogma of biology which provides the path for the flow of genetic information from DNA to the proteins that are synthesized and carry out the functions needed by the cell.arrow_forwardWhich region of DNA is the site of spindle fiber attachment during mitosis and meiosis? A. the telomere B. the operator C. the terminator D. the promoter E. the centromerearrow_forwardHypothetically, a cell has DNA that weighs 10 picograms. This cell goes through S phase and is about to undergo mitosis. How much does the DNA of this cell weight now? How much would the DNA of the two cells produced at the end of mitosis weigh? Explain your reasoning.arrow_forward
- E. coli would be a good model organism for which of the following processes? a) DNA replication b) how mitochondria get distributed to daughter cells during cell division c) how cells decode their genetic instructions to make proteins (translation) d) a and c e) a, b and carrow_forwardOf the following statements related to the function of telomeres, identify which is FALSE. a. Telomeres protect organisms from cancer by limiting the number of somatic cell divisions b. Telomeres help prevent unnecessary cell death by preventing DNA monitoring activity at the staggered ends of DNA c. Telomeres restore the length of lagging DNA strands in germ cells d. Telomeres offer some protection against the unavoidable shortening of genesarrow_forwardHigh concentrations of nuclear CyclinD is required for entry into S phase. Which of these events MOST likely upon entry into S phase? A. CyclinD is synthesized B. CyclinD is degraded C. DNA is polymerized D. DNA is depolymerizedarrow_forward
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