ALTERNATIVE DIVIDEND POLICIES In 2018, Keenan Company paid dividends totaling $3,600,000 on net income of $10.8 million. Note that 2018 was a normal year and that for the past 10 years, earnings have grown at a constant rate of 10%. However, in 2019, earnings are expected to jump to $14.4 million and the firm expects to have profitable investment opportunities of $8.4 million. It is predicted that Keenan will not be able to maintain the 2019 level of earnings growth because the high 2019 earnings level is attributable to an exceptionally profitable new product line introduced that year. After 2019, the company will return to its previous 10% growth rate. Keenan’s target capital structure is 40% debt and 60% equity.
- a. Calculate Keenan’s total dividends for 2019 assuming that it follows each of the following policies:
- 1. Its 2019 dividend payment is set to force dividends to grow at the long-run growth rate in earnings.
- 2. It continues the 2018 dividend payout ratio.
- 3. It uses a pure residual dividend policy (40% of the $8.4 million investment is financed with debt and 60% with common equity).
- 4. It employs a regular-dividend-plus-extras policy, with the regular dividend being based on the long-run growth rate and the extra dividend being set according to the residual dividend policy.
- b. Which of the preceding policies would you recommend? Restrict your choices to the ones listed but justify your answer.
- c. Assume that investors expect Keenan to pay total dividends of $9,000,000 in 2019 and to have the dividend grow at 10% after 2019. The stock’s total market value is $180 million. What is the company’s
cost of equity ? - d. What is Keenan’s long-run average
return on equity ? [Hint: g = Retention rate × ROE = (1.0 − Payout rate)(ROE)] - e. Does a 2019 dividend of $9,000,000 seem reasonable in view of your answers to parts c and d? If not, should the dividend be higher or lower? Explain your answer.
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Chapter 14 Solutions
Fundamentals Of Financial Management, Concise Edition (mindtap Course List)
- DIVIDENDS Brooks Sporting Inc. is prepared to report the following 2019 income statement (shown in thousands of dollars). Prior to reporting this income statement, the company wants to determine its annual dividend. The company has 320,000 shares of common stock outstanding, and its stock trades at 37 per share. a. The company had a 25% dividend payout ratio in 2018. If Brooks wants to maintain this payout ratio in 2019, what will be its per-share dividend in 2019? b. If the company maintains this 25% payout ratio, what will be the current dividend yield on the companys stock? c. The company reported net income of 1.35 million in 2018. Assume that the number of shares outstanding has remained constant. What was the companys per-share dividend in 2018? d. As an alternative to maintaining the same dividend payout ratio. Brooks is considering maintaining the same per-share dividend in 2019 that it paid in 2018. If it chooses this policy, what will be the companys dividend payout ratio in 2019? e. Assume that the company is interested in dramatically expanding its operations and that this expansion will require significant amounts of capital. The company would like to avoid transactions costs involved in issuing new equity. Given this scenario, would it make more sense for the company to maintain a constant dividend payout ratio or to maintain the same per-share dividend? Explain.arrow_forwardCALCULATING THE WACC Here is the condensed 2019 balance sheet for Skye Computer Company (in thousands of dollars): Skyes earnings per share last year were 3.20. The common stock sells for 55.00. last years dividend (D0) was 2.10, and a flotation cost of 10% would be required to sell new common stock. Security analysts are projecting that the common dividend will grow at an annual rate of 9%. Skyes preferred stock pays a dividend of 3.30 per share, and its preferred stock sells for 30.00 per share. The firms before-lax cost of debt is 10%, and its marginal tax rate is 25%. The firms currently outstanding 10% annual coupon rate, long-term debt sells at par value. The market risk premium is 5%, the risk-free rate is 6%, and Skyes beta is 1.516. The firms total debt, which is the sum of the companys short-term debt and long-term debt, equals 1.2 million. a. Calculate the cost of each capital component, that is, the after-tax cost of debt, the cost of preferred stock, the cost of equity from retained earnings, and the cost of newly issued common stock. Use the DCF method to find the cost of common equity. b. Now calculate the cost of common equity from retained earnings, using the CAPM method. c. What is the cost of new common stock based on the CAPM? (Hint: Find the difference between r1 and rs as determined by the DCF method, and add that differential to the CAPM value for rs.) d. If Skye continues to use the same market-value capital structure, what is the firms WACC assuming that (1) it uses only retained earnings for equity and (2) if it expands so rapidly that it must issue new common stock?arrow_forwardRate of Change Analyses and Ratios Analyses The following are Cohen Companys comparative financial statements for 2020, 2019, and 2018: Additional information: Credit sales were 65% of net sales in 2019 and 60% in 2020. At the beginning of 2020, 400 shares of common stock were issued, the first sale of stock in several years. Cohen is concerned. Although it increased the dividends paid per share by 5% in 2020 and its 2020 net income is higher than 2019 net income, the market price of its common stock dropped from 22 per share at the beginning of 2020 to 21 per share at year-end. Required: 1. For 2019 and 2020, prepare rate of change analyses for the income statements and balance sheets of Cohen using a year-to-year approach. 2. For 2019 and 2020, compute the following ratios; (a) current, (b) inventory turnover, (c) receivables turnover, (d) net profit margin, (e) earnings per share, (f) return on total assets, (g) return on shareholders equity, and (h) debt-to-assets. 3. Next Level Based on your results, discuss the possible reasons for the decrease in the market price per share in 2020.arrow_forward
- ALTERNATIVE DIVIDEND POLICIES In 2017, Keenan Company paid dividends totaling 3,600,000 on net income of 10.8 million. Note that 2017 was a normal year and that for the past 10 years, earnings have grown at a constant rate of 10%. However, in 2018, earnings are expected to jump to 14.4 million and the firm expects to have profitable investment opportunities of 8.4 million. It Ls predicted that Keenan will not be able to maintain the 2018 level of earnings growth because the high 2018 earnings level is attributable to an exceptionally profitable new product line introduced that year. After 2018, the company will return to its previous 10% growth rate. Keenans target capital structure is 40% debt and 60% equity. a. Calculate Keenans total dividends for 2018 assuming that it follows each of the following policies: 1. Its 2018 dividend payment is set to force dividends to grow at the long-run growth rate in earnings. 2. It continues the 2017 dividend payout ratio. 3. It uses a pure residual dividend policy (40% of the 8.4 million investment is financed with debt and 60% with common equity). 4. It employs a regular-dividend-plus-extras policy, with the regular dividend being based on the long-run growth rate and the extra dividend being set according to the residual dividend policy. b. Which of the preceding policies would you recommend? Restrict your choices to the ones listed but justify your answer. c. Assume that investors expect Keenan to pay total dividends of 9,000,000 in 2018 and to have the dividend grow at 10% after 2018. The stocks total market value is 180 million. What is the companys cost of equity? d. What is Keenans long-run average return on equity? [Hint: g - Retention rate ROE = (1.0 Payout rate)(ROE)] e. Does a 2018 dividend of 9,000,000 seem reasonable in view of your answers to parts c and d? If not, should the dividend be higher or lower? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardALTERNATIVE DIVIDEND POLICIES In 2014, Keenan Company paid dividends totaling 3,600,000 on net income of 10.8 million. Note that 2014 was a normal year and that for the past 10 years, earnings have grown at a constant rate of 10%. However, in 2015, earnings are expected to jump to 14 4 million and the firm expects to have profitable investment opportunities of 8 4 million. It is predicted that Keenanwill not be able tomaintain the 2015 level of earnings growth because the high 2015 earnings level is attributable to an exceptionally profitable new product line introduced that year. After 2015, the company will return to its previous 10% growth rate. Keenans target capital structure is 40% debt and 60% equity. a. Calculate Keenans total dividends for 2015 assuming that it follows each of the following policies: 1. Its 2015 dividend payment is set to force dividends to grow at the long-run growth rate in earnings. 2. It continues the 2014 dividend payout ratio. 3. It uses a pure residual dividend policy (40% of the 8 4 million investment is financed with debt and 60% with common equity). 4. It employs a regular-dividend-plus-extras policy, with the regular dividend being based on the long-run growth rate and the extra dividend being set according to the residual dividend policy. b. Which of the preceding policies would you recommend? Restrict your choices to the ones listed but justify your answer. c. Assume that investors expect Keenan to pay total dividends of 9,000,000 in 2015 and to have the dividend grow at 10% after 2015. The stocks total market value is 180 million. What is the companys cost of equity? d. What is Keenans long-run average return on equity? [Hint: g = Retention rate ROE =(1 0 Payout rate) (ROE).] e. Does a 2015 dividend of 9,000,000 seem reasonable in view of your answers to parts c and d? If not, should the dividend be higher or lower? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardStevens Textile Corporations 2019 financial statements are shown here. Stevens grew rapidly in 2019 and financed the growth with notes payable and long-term bonds. Stevens expects sales to grow by 15% in the next year but will finance the growth with a line of credit, not notes payable or long-term bonds. Use the forecasted financial statement method to forecast a balance sheet and income statement for December 31, 2020. The interest rate on all debt is 10%, and cash earns no interest income. The line of credit is added at the end of the year, which means that you should base the forecasted interest expense on the balance of debt at the beginning of the year. Use the forecasted income statement to determine the addition to retained earnings. Assume that the company was operating at full capacity in 2019, that it cannot sell off any of its fixed assets, and that assets, spontaneous liabilities, and operating costs are expected to increase by the same percentage as sales. a. What is the projected value for earnings before interest and taxes? b. What is the projected value for pre-tax earnings? c. What is the projected net income? d. What is the projected addition to retained earnings? e. What is the projected value of total current assets? f. What is the projected value of total assets? g. What is the projected sum of accounts payable, accruals, and notes payable? h. What is the forecasted line of credit? Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2019 (Thousands of Dollars) Income Statement for December 31, 2019 (Thousands of Dollars)arrow_forward
- ADDITIONAL FUNDS NEEDED Morrissey Technologies Inc.s 2019 financial statements are shown here. Morrissey Technologies Inc.: Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2019 Morrissey Technologies Inc.: Income Statement for December 31, 2019 Suppose that in 2020, sales increase by 10% over 2019 sales. The firm currently has 100,000 shares outstanding. It expects to maintain its 2019 dividend payout ratio and believes that its assets should grow at the same rate as sales. The firm has no excess capacity. However, the firm would like to reduce its operating costs/sales ratio to 87.5% and increase its total liabilities-to-assets ratio to 30%. (It believes its liabilities-to-assets ratio currently is too low relative to the industry average.) The firm will raise 30% of the 2020 forecasted interest-bearing debt as notes payable, and it will issue long-term bonds for the remainder. The firm forecasts that its before-tax cost of debt (which includes both short- and long-term debt) is 12.5%. Assume that any common stock issuances or repurchases can be made at the firms current stock price of 45. a. Construct the forecasted financial statements assuming that these changes are made. What are the firms forecasted notes payable and long-term debt balances? What is the forecasted addition to retained earnings? b. If the profit margin remains at 6.25% and the dividend payout ratio remains at 60%, at what growth rate in sales will the additional financing requirements be exactly zero? In other words, what is the firms sustainable growth rate? (Hint: Set AFN equal to zero and solve for g.)arrow_forwardLONG-TERM FINANCING NEEDED At year-end 2019, total assets for Arrington Inc. were 1.8 million and accounts payable were 450,000. Sales, which in 2019 were 3.0 million, are expected to increase by 25% in 2020. Total assets and accounts payable are proportional to sales, and that relationship will be maintained; that is, they will grow at the same rate as sales. Arrington typically uses no current liabilities other than accounts payable. Common stock amounted to 500,000 in 2019, and retained earnings were 475,000. Arrington plans to sell new common stock in the amount of 130,000. The firms profit margin on sates is 5%; 35% of earnings will be retained. a. What were Arringtons total liabilities in 2019? b. How much new long-term debt financing will be needed in 2020? (Hint: AFN - New stock = New long-term debt.)arrow_forwardThe sales revenue of Business Strategy Limited for 2019 is $100 million. The CEO told the sales director in December of 2019 that the board had set a target of $145 million in sales revenue for 2022 and expected that there should be stable annual growth of sales over the 3 years. The board expects the growth rate will be maintained continuously in future years. The market has the same expectation of the board. Business Strategy Limited is expected to pay dividend of $20 per common stock at the end of the year 2020. The market price of the common stock at the beginning of 2020 is $1,000.What is the required rate of return on Business Strategy Limited’s common stock?arrow_forward
- Bulawayo Products Company anticipates reaching a sales level of Sh.6 million in one year.The company expects earnings after taxes during the next year to equal Sh.400,000. During thepast several years, the company has been paying Sh.50,000 in dividends to its stockholders. Thecompany expects to continue this policy for at least the next year. The actual balance sheet andincome statement for Baldwin during 2019 follow.Bulawayo Products Company Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2019Cash Sh. 200,000 Accounts payable Sh. 600,000Accounts receivable 400,000 Notes payable 500,000Inventories 1,200,000 Long-term debt 200,000Fixed assets, net 500,000 Stockholders’ equity 1,000,000Total assets Sh.2,300,000 Total liabilities and equity Sh. 2,300,000Income Statement for the year Ending December 31, 2019Sales Sh. 4,000,000Expenses, including interest and taxes Sh.3,700,000Earnings after taxes Sh. 300,000Required:a) Using the percentage of sales method, calculate the additional financing…arrow_forwardTomey Supply Company’s financial statements for the most recent fiscal year are shown below. The company projects that sales will increase by 27 percent next year. Assume that all costs and assets increase directly with sales. The company has a constant 39 percent dividend payout ratio and has no plans to issue new equity. Any financing needed will be raised through the sale of long-term debt. Prepare pro forma financial statements for the coming year based on this information, and calculate the EFN for Tomey. Tomey Supply Company Income Statement and Balance Sheet. Income Statement Balance Sheet Revenues $1,768,121 Assets Costs 1,116,487 Current Assets $280,754 EBT 651,634 Net Fixed Assets 713,655 Taxes (35%) 228,072 Total assets $994,409 Net Income $423,562 Liabilities and Equity: Current Liabilities $167,326 Long-term…arrow_forwardDividends and share buybacks Here are key Önancial data for the company Silverstar Inc.: Earnings per share for 2021 is $5.50, number of shares outstanding is 40 million, target dividend payout ratio is 50%, planned dividend per share is $2.75 and stock price at year-end 2021 is $150. The company plans to pay the entire dividend early in January 2022. Ignore all corporate and personal taxes. 3. Suppose that, instead of canceling the dividend, the company increases dividends to $5.50 per share and then issues new shares to recoup the extra cash paid out as dividends. What happens to the with- and ex-dividend share prices? How many shares will need to be issued?arrow_forward
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