The Shannon index (sometimes called the Shannon-Wiener index or Shannon-Weaver index) is a measure of diversity in an ecosystem. For the case of three species, it is defined as
H = −p1: ln p1 − p2 ln p2 – p3 In p3
where pi is the proportion of species i in the ecosystem.
(a) Express H as a function of two variables using the fact that p1 + p2 + p3 = 1.
(b) What is the domain of H?
(c) Find the maximum value of H. For what values of p1, p2, p3 does it occur?
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