General Chemistry
General Chemistry
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780073402758
Author: Chang, Raymond/ Goldsby
Publisher: McGraw-Hill College
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Chapter 15, Problem 15.1QP
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The definition for equilibrium and two examples for dynamic equilibrium should be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Chemical equilibrium: The term applied to reversible chemical reactions. It is the point at which the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction. The equilibrium is achieved when the concentrations of reactants and products become constant.

Forward Reaction: This type of reaction has involved irreversible, if obtained product cannot be converted back in to respective reactants under the same conditions. Backward Reaction: This type of reaction process involved a reversible, if the products can be converted into a back to reactants.

Equilibrium expression: The equilibrium expression is equal to the concentration of each product raised to its coefficient in a balanced chemical equation and multiplied together, divides by the concentrate ions of the product of reactants to the power of their coefficient.

Homogeneous equilibrium: A homogeneous equilibrium involved has a everything present in the same phase and same conditions, for example reactions where everything is a gas, or everything is present in the same solution.

Heterogeneous equilibrium: This equilibrium reaction does not depend on the amounts of pure solid and liquid present, in other words heterogeneous equilibrium, substances are in different phases.

Dynamic equilibrium: Both the forward and the backward reaction tends to occur without any net change in the concentrations of both reactant and the product.

Expert Solution & Answer
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 15.1QP

The chemical equilibrium is the point at which the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction. The equilibrium is achieved when the concentrations of reactants and products become constant.

Examples for dynamic equilibrium are as follows,

N2O4(g)NO2(g)

CO(g)+Cl2(g)COCl2(g)

Explanation of Solution

The term applied to reversible chemical reactions. It is the point at which the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction. The equilibrium is achieved when the concentrations of reactants and products become constant.

The equilibrium is a dynamic state where both the forward and the backward occur simultaneously without any change in the concentrations of the reactant and the product.

The examples for the dynamic equilibrium are as follows,

The reaction N2O4(g)NO2(g) is perfect example for dynamic equilibrium since the after the product form it decomposes to give the reactants and once the reactants are formed they results to give the product at the right side therefore, rate of forward and the backward rate are equal.

Similarly the reaction between carbon monoxide and chlorine also serves as example for dynamic equilibrium CO(g)+Cl2(g)COCl2(g) where the forward and the backward rate are equal.

Conclusion

The definition for chemical equilibrium and the examples for dynamic equilibrium are determined.

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Chapter 15 Solutions

General Chemistry

Ch. 15.4 - Practice Exercise At 430°C. the equilibrium...Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 2PECh. 15.4 - Prob. 1RCCh. 15.4 - Prob. 2RCCh. 15.4 - Prob. 3PECh. 15 - Prob. 15.1QPCh. 15 - 15.2 Explain the difference between physical...Ch. 15 - 15.3 Briefly describe the importance of...Ch. 15 - 15.4 Consider the equilibrium system 3A ⇌ B....Ch. 15 - 15.5 Define homogeneous equilibrium and...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.6QPCh. 15 - 15.7 Write equilibrium constant expressions for...Ch. 15 - 15.8 Write the expressions for the equilibrium...Ch. 15 - 15.9 Write the equilibrium constant expressions...Ch. 15 - 15.10 Write the equation relating Kc and KP and...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.11QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.12QPCh. 15 - 15.13 The equilibrium constant (Kc) for the...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.14QPCh. 15 - 15.15 What is the KP at 1273°C for the...Ch. 15 - 15.16 The equilibrium constant KP for the...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.17QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.18QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.19QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.20QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.21QPCh. 15 - 15.22 Ammonium carbamate, NH4CO2NH2, decomposes...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.23QPCh. 15 - 15.24 Pure phosgene gas (COCl2), 3.00 × 10−2...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.25QPCh. 15 - 15.26 A 2.50-mol quantity of NOCl was initially...Ch. 15 - 15.27 Define reaction quotient. How does it...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.28QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.29QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.30QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.31QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.32QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.33QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.34QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.35QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.36QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.37QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.38QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.39QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.40QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.41QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.42QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.43QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.44QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.45QPCh. 15 - 15.46 What effect does an increase in pressure...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.47QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.48QPCh. 15 - 15.49 Consider the reaction Comment on the...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.50QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.51QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.53QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.54QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.55QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.56QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.57QPCh. 15 - 15.58 Baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) undergoes...Ch. 15 - 15.59 Consider the following reaction at...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.60QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.61QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.62QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.64QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.65QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.66QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.67QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.68QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.69QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.70QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.71QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.72QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.73QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.74QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.75QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.76QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.78QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.79QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.81QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.82QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.83QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.84QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.85QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.86QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.89QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.90QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.91QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.92QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.93QPCh. 15 - 15.94 Consider the decomposition of ammonium...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.95QPCh. 15 - 15.96 In 1899 the German chemist Ludwig Mond...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.98QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.99QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.100QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.101QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.102QPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.103SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.104SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.105SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.106SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.107SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.110SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.111SPCh. 15 - Prob. 15.112SP
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