University Physics Volume 1
18th Edition
ISBN: 9781938168277
Author: William Moebs, Samuel J. Ling, Jeff Sanny
Publisher: OpenStax - Rice University
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Chapter 15, Problem 15CQ
Give an example of a damped harmonic oscillator. (They are more common than undamped or simple harmonic oscillators.)
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University Physics Volume 1
Ch. 15 - Check Your Understanding Why would it hurt more if...Ch. 15 - Check Your Understanding Identify one way you...Ch. 15 - Check Your Understanding Identify an object that...Ch. 15 - Check Your Understanding An engineer builds two...Ch. 15 - Check Your Understanding Why are completely...Ch. 15 - Check Your Understanding A famous magic trick...Ch. 15 - What conditions must be met to produce SHM?Ch. 15 - (a) If frequency is not constant for some...Ch. 15 - Give an example of a simple harmonic oscillator,...Ch. 15 - Explain why you expect an object made of a stiff...
Ch. 15 - As you pass a freight truck with a trailer on a...Ch. 15 - Some people modify cars to be much closer to the...Ch. 15 - Describe a system in which elastic potential...Ch. 15 - Explain in terms of energy how dissipative forces...Ch. 15 - The temperature of the atmosphere oscillates from...Ch. 15 - Can this analogy of SHM to circular motion be...Ch. 15 - Can this analogy of SHM to circular motion be...Ch. 15 - Can this analogy of SHM to circular motion be...Ch. 15 - A pendulum clock works by measuring the period of...Ch. 15 - With the use of a phase shift, the position of an...Ch. 15 - Give an example of a damped harmonic oscillator....Ch. 15 - How would a car bounce after a bump under each of...Ch. 15 - Most harmonic oscillators are damped and, if...Ch. 15 - Why are soldiers in general ordered to “route...Ch. 15 - Do you think there is any harmonic motion in the...Ch. 15 - Some engineers use sound to diagnose performance...Ch. 15 - Prove that using x(t)=Asin(t+) will produce the...Ch. 15 - What is the period of 60.0 Hz of electrical power?Ch. 15 - If your heart rate is 150 beats per minute during...Ch. 15 - Find the frequency of a tuning fork that takes...Ch. 15 - A stroboscope is set to flash every 8.00105 s....Ch. 15 - A tire has a tread pattern with a crevice every...Ch. 15 - Each piston of an engine makes a sharp sound every...Ch. 15 - A type of cuckoo clock keeps time by having a mass...Ch. 15 - A mass m0is attached to a spring and hung...Ch. 15 - A 0.500-kg mass suspended from a spring oscillates...Ch. 15 - By how much leeway (both percentage and mass)...Ch. 15 - Fish are hung on a spring scale to determine their...Ch. 15 - It is weigh-in time for the local under-85-kg...Ch. 15 - One type of BB gun uses a spring-driven plunger to...Ch. 15 - When an 80.0-kg man stands on a pogo stick, the...Ch. 15 - A spring has a length of 0.200 m when a 0.300-kg...Ch. 15 - The length of nylon rope from which a mountain...Ch. 15 - The motion of a mass on a spring hung vertically,...Ch. 15 - (a) A novelty clock has a 0.0100-kg-mass object...Ch. 15 - Reciprocating motion uses the rotation of a motor...Ch. 15 - A student stands on the edge of a merry-go-round...Ch. 15 - What is the length of a pendulum that has a period...Ch. 15 - Some people think a pendulum with a period of 1.00...Ch. 15 - What is the period of a 1.00-m-long pendulum?Ch. 15 - How long does it take a child on a swing to...Ch. 15 - The pendulum on a cuckoo clock is 5.00-cm long....Ch. 15 - Two parakeets sit on a swing with their combined...Ch. 15 - (a) A pendulum that has a period of 3.00000 s and...Ch. 15 - A pendulum with a period of 2.00000 s in one...Ch. 15 - (a) What is the effect on the period of a pendulum...Ch. 15 - The amplitude of a lightly damped oscillator...Ch. 15 - How much energy must the shock absorbers of a...Ch. 15 - If a car has a suspension system with a force...Ch. 15 - (a) How much will a spring that has a force...Ch. 15 - Suppose you have a 0.750-kg object on a horizontal...Ch. 15 - Suppose you attach an object with mass m to a...Ch. 15 - A diver on a diving board is undergoing SHM. Her...Ch. 15 - Suppose a diving board with no one on it bounces...Ch. 15 - The device pictured in the following figure...Ch. 15 - A mass is placed on a frictionless, horizontal...Ch. 15 - Find the ratio of the new/old periods of a...Ch. 15 - At what rate will a pendulum clock run on the...Ch. 15 - If a pendulum-driven clock gains 5.00 s/day, what...Ch. 15 - A 2.00-kg object hangs, at rest, on a 1.00-m-long...Ch. 15 - A 2.00-kg object hangs, at rest, on a 1.00-m-long...Ch. 15 - Assume that a pendulum used to drive a grandfather...Ch. 15 - A 2.00-kg block lies at rest on a frictionless...Ch. 15 - A suspension bridge oscillates with an effective...Ch. 15 - Near the top of the Citigroup Center building in...Ch. 15 - Parcels of air (small volumes of air) in a stable...Ch. 15 - Consider the van der Waals potential U(r)=U0[( R 0...Ch. 15 - Suppose the length of a clock’s pendulum is...Ch. 15 - (a) The springs of a pickup truck act like a...
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- Most harmonic oscillators are damped and, if undriven, eventually come to a stop. Why?arrow_forwardFor a damped, driven oscillator, show that the average kinetic energy is the same at a frequency of a given number of octaves* above the kinetic energy resonance as at a frequency of the same number of octaves below resonance.arrow_forwardShow that the time rate of change of mechanical energy for a damped, undriven oscillator is given by dE/dt = bv2 and hence is always negative. To do so, differentiate the expression for the mechanical energy of an oscillator, E=12mv2+12kx2, and use Equation 15.51.arrow_forward
- The amplitude of a lightly damped oscillator decreases by 3.0% during each cycle. What percentage of the mechanical energy of the oscillator is lost in each cycle?arrow_forwardThe mechanical energy of an undamped block-spring system is constant as kinetic energy transforms to elastic potential energy and vice versa. For comparison, explain what happens to the energy of a damped oscillator in terms of the mechanical, potential, and kinetic energies.arrow_forwardIn an engine, a piston oscillates with simple harmonic motion so that its position varies according to the expression x=5.00cos(2t+6) where x is in centimeters and t is in seconds. At t = 0, find (a) the position of the piston, (b) its velocity, and (c) its acceleration. Find (d) the period and (e) the amplitude of the motion.arrow_forward
- If a car has a suspension system with a force constant of 5.00104 N/m , how much energy must the car’s shocks remove to dampen an oscillation starting with a maximum displacement of 0.0750 m?arrow_forwardGive an example of a damped harmonic oscillator. (They we more common than undamped or simple harmonic oscillators.)arrow_forwardA car of mass 2.00 103 kg is lowered by 1.50 cm when four passengers, each of mass 70.0 kg, sit down in it. a. Determine the damping constant b of the shock absorbers that will provide critical damping. b. Suppose for the same car the shock absorbers are so worn that they provide almost no damping. Find the period of up-and-down oscillation of the car after hitting a bump in the road.arrow_forward
- The mechanical energy of an undamped blockspring system is constant as kinetic energy transforms to elastic potential energy and vice versa. For comparison, explain what happens to the energy of a damped oscillator in terms of the mechanical, potential, and kinetic energies.arrow_forwardConsider a damped harmonic oscillator. After four cycles the amplitude of the oscillator has dropped to 1/e of its initial value. Find the ratio of the frequency of the damped oscillator to its natural frequency.arrow_forwardA 200-g block is attached to a horizontal spring and executes simple harmonic motion with a period of 0.250 s. The total energy of the system is 2.00 J. Find (a) the force constant of the spring and (b) the amplitude of the motion.arrow_forward
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