Chapter 15, Problem 16RE

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The value of is to be calculated for the given reactions using the free-energy values from the .

Concept introduction:

Gibbs free energy is the standard free energy that complements the production of mole of that substance from its component elements, at their standard states.

The symbol of standard Gibbs free energy is .

The mitochondrion is called the powerhouse of the cell.

Mitochondria is used for the synthesis of that is used to store the energy

Answer to Problem 16RE

Solution:

The reaction will not proceed in the direction as stated. The value of is .

The reaction will proceed in the direction as stated. The value of is .

The reaction will not proceed in the direction as stated. The value of is .

The reaction will proceed in the direction as stated. The value of is .

Explanation of Solution

Given information:

a) For predicting the reaction and calculating the value of :

From the table in the book,

Also,

On reversing the second reaction,

Now add the two reactions and their Gibbs free energies as follows:

Substitute the value as follows:

for and

for

Hence, the reaction will not be in the direction as written.

b) For predicting the reaction and calculating the value of :

From the table in the book,

Also,

On reversing the second reaction,

Now add the two reactions and their Gibbs free energies as follows:

Substitute the value as follows:

for and

for

Hence, the reaction will be in the direction as written.

c) For predicting the reaction and calculating the value of :

From the table in the book,

Also,

On reversing the second reaction,

Now add the two reactions and their Gibbs free energies as follows:

Substitute,

For and

For.

So,

Hence, the reaction will not be in the direction as written.

d) For predicting the reaction and calculating the value of :

From the table in the book,

Also,

On reversing the second reaction,

Now add the two reactions and their Gibbs free energies as follows:

Substitute the value as follows:

for and

for.

Hence, the reaction will be in the direction as written.