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ChemistryIntroductory Chemistry: A Foundation9th Edition

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Chapter 15, Problem 55QAP
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Introductory Chemistry: A Foundati...

9th Edition
Steven S. Zumdahl + 1 other
ISBN: 9781337399425

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Introductory Chemistry: A Foundati...

9th Edition
Steven S. Zumdahl + 1 other
ISBN: 9781337399425
Textbook Problem
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55. Calculate the new molanty if each of the following dilutions is made, Assume the volumes are additive.

a. 55.0 mL of water is added to 25.0 mL of 0.119 M NaCI solution

b. 125 mL of water is added to 45.3 mL of 0.701 M NaOH solution

c. 550. mL of water is added to 125 mL of 3.01 M KOH solution

d. 335 mL of water is added to 75.3 mL of 2.07 M CaCl2 solution

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The new molarity after the dilution of the solution is to be calculated.

Concept Introduction:

The atomic mass of an element is defined as the sum of number of protons and number of neutrons. Molar mass of an element is determined from atomic mass of an element.

The number of moles is calculated by the formula,

Moles=MassgMolar mass

The molarity is calculated by the formula,

Molarity=Number of moles of soluteVolume of solution L.

Explanation

The initial volume and molarity of NaCl solution is given to be 25.0 mL and 0.119 M respectively.

The conversion of units of 25.0 mL into L is done as,

25.0 mL=25.01000 L=0.025 L

The number of moles of a solute is calculated by the formula,

Number of moles of solute=Volume of solution×Molarity        (1)

Substitute the values of initial volume and molarity of NaCl solution in the equation (1).

Number of moles of solute=0.025 L×0.119 M=0.002975 moles=3.0×10−3 moles

It is given that 55.0 mL of water is added in the given solution. During the dilution, the amount of the solute particles in initial and final solution remains same, only the amount of solvent gets changed.

The conversion of units of 55.0 mL into L is done as,

55.0 mL=55.01000 L=0

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The new molarity after the dilution of the solution is to be calculated.

Concept Introduction:

The atomic mass of an element is defined as the sum of number of protons and number of neutrons. Molar mass of an element is determined from atomic mass of an element.

The number of moles is calculated by the formula,

Moles=MassgMolar mass

The molarity is calculated by the formula,

Molarity=Number of moles of soluteLiters of solution.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The new molarity after the dilution of the solution is to be calculated.

Concept Introduction:

The atomic mass of an element is defined as the sum of number of protons and number of neutrons. Molar mass of an element is determined from atomic mass of an element.

The number of moles is calculated by the formula,

Moles=MassgMolar mass

The molarity is calculated by the formula,

Molarity=Number of moles of soluteLiters of solution.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The new molarity after the dilution of the solution is to be calculated.

Concept Introduction:

The atomic mass of an element is defined as the sum of number of protons and number of neutrons. Molar mass of an element is determined from atomic mass of an element.

The number of moles is calculated by the formula,

Moles=MassgMolar mass

The molarity is calculated by the formula,

Molarity=Number of moles of soluteLiters of solution.

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