Introduction To Statistics And Data Analysis
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781337793612
Author: PECK, Roxy.
Publisher: Cengage Learning,
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Chapter 15.2, Problem 16E
To determine
Interpret the given underscoring pattern.
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In a study of a group of women science majors who remained in their profession and a group who left their profession within a few months of graduation, the researchers collected the data shown here on a self-esteem questionnaire.
Leavers Stayers1 = 3.05 2 = 2.92σ1 = 0.71 σ2 = 0.71n1 = 100 n2 = 227At α = 0.05, can it be concluded that there is a difference in the self-esteem scores of the two groups? Use the P-value method.
A paper investigated the driving behavior of teenagers by observing their vehicles as they left a high school parking lot and then again at a site approximately
1
2
mile from the school. Assume that it is reasonable to regard the teen drivers in this study as representative of the population of teen drivers.
MaleDriver
FemaleDriver
1.3
-0.3
1.3
0.6
0.9
1.1
2.1
0.7
0.7
1.1
1.3
1.2
3
0.1
1.3
0.9
0.6
0.5
2.1
0.5
(a) Use a .01 level of significance for any hypothesis tests. Data consistent with summary quantities appearing in the paper are given in the table. The measurements represent the difference between the observed vehicle speed and the posted speed limit (in miles per hour) for a sample of male teenage drivers and a sample of female teenage drivers. (Use ?males − ?females. Round your test statistic to two decimal places. Round your degrees of freedom down to the nearest whole number. Round your p-value to three decimal places.)
t
=
df
=…
A study was conducted in 1997 to measure the total fat content, calories, and sodium content of vegetable burgers available at supermarkets and commonly used as a meat substitute. Measurements on 54 different brands of "veggie burgers," and the results were used to develop the 3-way contingency table below.
Under 130 Calories
Under 130 Calories
130 Calories or More
130 Calories of More
Total Fat Content
Under 320 g Sodium
320 g Sodium or More
Under 320 g of Sodium
320 g Sodium or More
Under 3 g
6
12
1
1
3-4 g
7
4
3
5
Over 4 g
1
1
7
6
A= {"Under 130 Calories"},
B= {"320 g Sodium or More"}
C= {"Over 4 g Total Fat"}
A vegetable burger is selected randomly from the group. Find the following probabilities:
Please Answer D, E, F
(d.) P(A and B)
(e.) P(A and B and C)
(f.) P(A or B)
Chapter 15 Solutions
Introduction To Statistics And Data Analysis
Ch. 15.1 - Give as much information as you can about the...Ch. 15.1 - Prob. 2ECh. 15.1 - Employees of a state university system can choose...Ch. 15.1 - The accompanying summary statistics for a measure...Ch. 15.1 - The authors of the paper Age and Violent Content...Ch. 15.1 - The paper referenced in the previous exercise also...Ch. 15.1 - Do people feel hungrier after sampling a healthy...Ch. 15.1 - Prob. 8ECh. 15.1 - The Paper Womens and Mens Eating Behavior...Ch. 15.1 - Can use of an online plagiarism-detection system...
Ch. 15.1 - Prob. 11ECh. 15.1 - In the introduction to this chapter, we considered...Ch. 15.1 - In an experiment to investigate the performance of...Ch. 15.2 - Leaf surface area is an important variable in...Ch. 15.2 - Prob. 15ECh. 15.2 - Prob. 16ECh. 15.2 - Prob. 17ECh. 15.2 - The paper referenced in Exercise 15.5 described an...Ch. 15.2 - Prob. 19ECh. 15.2 - The accompanying data resulted from a flammability...Ch. 15.2 - Do lizards play a role in spreading plant seeds?...Ch. 15.2 - Samples of six different brands of diet or...Ch. 15.3 - A particular county employs three assessors who...Ch. 15.3 - The accompanying display is a partially completed...Ch. 15.3 - With the use of biofuels increasing, investigators...Ch. 15.3 - Prob. 26ECh. 15.3 - Prob. 27ECh. 15.3 - Prob. 28ECh. 15.4 - Prob. 29ECh. 15.4 - The paper Feedback Enhances the Positive Effects...Ch. 15.4 - The following graphs appear in the paper Which...Ch. 15.4 - The behavior of undergraduate students when...Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 33ECh. 15.4 - The following partially completed ANOVA table...Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 35ECh. 15.4 - The accompanying ANOVA table is similar to one...Ch. 15.4 - Identification of sex in human skeletons is an...Ch. 15 - Suppose that a random sample or size n = 5 was...Ch. 15 - Parents are frequently concerned when their child...Ch. 15 - Prob. 40CRCh. 15 - Consider the accompanying data on plant growth...Ch. 15 - Prob. 42CRCh. 15 - Prob. 43CRCh. 15 - Prob. 44CRCh. 15 - Prob. 45CRCh. 15 - Prob. 46CRCh. 15 - Prob. 47CRCh. 15 - Prob. 48CRCh. 15 - Prob. 49CR
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- A paper investigated the driving behavior of teenagers by observing their vehicles as they left a high school parking lot and then again at a site approximately 1 2 mile from the school. Assume that it is reasonable to regard the teen drivers in this study as representative of the population of teen drivers. MaleDriver FemaleDriver 1.4 -0.2 1.2 0.5 0.9 1.1 2.1 0.7 0.7 1.1 1.3 1.2 3 0.1 1.3 0.9 0.6 0.5 2.1 0.5 (a) Use a .01 level of significance for any hypothesis tests. Data consistent with summary quantities appearing in the paper are given in the table. The measurements represent the difference between the observed vehicle speed and the posted speed limit (in miles per hour) for a sample of male teenage drivers and a sample of female teenage drivers. (Use ?males − ?females. Round your test statistic to two decimal places. Round your degrees of freedom down to the nearest whole number. Round your p-value to three decimal places.) t = df =…arrow_forwardIn a study of a group of women science majors who remained in their profession and a group who left their profession within a few months of graduation, the researchers collected the data shown here on a self-esteem questionnaire. Leavers Stayers 1 = 3.09 2 = 2.93 σ1 = 0.75 σ2 = 0.75 n1 = 101 n2 = 221 At α = 0.05, can it be concluded that there is a difference in the self-esteem scores of the two groups? Use the P-value method. Group of answer choicesarrow_forwardSuppose a researcher is interested inthe effectiveness in a new childhood exercise program implemented in a SRS of schools across a particular county. In order to test the hypothesis that the new program decreases BMI (Kg/m2), the researcher takes a SRS of children from schools where the program is employed and a SRS from schools that do not employ the program and compares the results. Assume the following table represents the SRSs of students and their BMIs. Student intervention group BMI (kg/m2) Student control group BMI (kg/m2) A 18.6 A 21.6 B 18.2 B 18.9 C 19.5 C 19.4 D 18.9 D 22.6 E 24.1 F 23.6 A) Assuming that all the necessary conditions are met (normality, independence, etc.) carry out the appropriate statistical test to determine if the new exercise program is effective. Use an alpha level of 0.05. Do not assume equal variances.B) Construct a 95% confidence interval about your estimate for the average difference in BMI between the groups.arrow_forward
- In a study of a group of women science majors who remained in their profession and a group who left their profession within a few months of graduation, the researchers collected the data shown here on a self-esteem questionnaire. Leavers Stayers 1 = 3.09 2 = 2.92 σ1 = 0.78 σ2 = 0.78 n1 = 107 n2 = 222 At α = 0.01, can it be concluded that there is a difference in the self-esteem scores of the two groups? Use the P-value method.arrow_forward6. In the book Business Research Methods (5th ed.), Donald R. Cooper and C. William Emory discuss studying the relationship between on-the-job accidents and smoking. Cooper and Emory describe the study as follows: Suppose a manager implementing a smoke-free workplace policy is interested in whether smoking affects worker accidents. Since the company has complete reports of on-the-job accidents, she draws a sample of names of workers who were involved in accidents during the last year. A similar sample from among workers who had no reported accidents in the last year is drawn. She interviews members of both groups to determine if they are smokers or not. The sample results are given in the following table.arrow_forwardJensen Tire & Auto is in the process of deciding whether to purchase a maintenance contract for its new computer wheel alignment and balancing machine. Managers feel that maintenance expense should be related to usage, and they collected the following information on weekly usage (hours) and annual maintenance expense (in hundreds of dollars). Weekly Usage(hours) AnnualMaintenanceExpense 13 17.0 10 22.0 20 30.0 28 37.0 32 47.0 17 30.5 24 32.5 31 39.0 40 51.5 38 40.0 test statistic is 6.90 Find the p-value. (Round your answer to three decimal places.) p-value = State your conclusion. Reject H0. We conclude that the relationship between weekly usage (hours) and annual maintenance expense (in hundreds of dollars) is significant. Do not reject H0. We conclude that the relationship between weekly usage (hours) and annual maintenance expense (in hundreds of dollars) is significant. Reject H0. We cannot conclude that the relationship between weekly usage…arrow_forward
- In many colleges, educators are changing their approach to instruction from a “teacher/lecture-centeredmodel” to a “student-centered model” where students learn in a laboratory environment in which lectureis deemphasized and students can proceed at a pace suitable to their learning needs. In once schoolwhere this model was being introduced, of the 743 students who enrolled in the traditional lecture model, 364 passed; of the 567 in the student-centered model, 335 passed. Use a 0.05 level ofsignificance to test the claim that student-centered model results in a higher pass rate than the traditionalmodel?arrow_forwardSO what would be the L, Lq, and Wq of this problem? Assuming we are trying to develop and sovle a waiting line system that can accomodate this increased leel of passenger traffic.arrow_forwardA group of high-risk automobile drivers (with three moving violations in one year) are required, according to random assignment, either to attend a traffic school or to perform supervised volunteer work. During the subsequent five-year period, these same drivers were cited for the following number of moving violations: NUMBER OF MOVING VIOLATIONS TRAFFIC SCHOOL VOLUNTEER WORK 0 26 0 7 15 4 9 1 7 1 0 14 2 6 23 10 7 8 Why might the Mann–Whitney U test be preferred to the t test for these data? Use U to test the null hypothesis at the .05 level of significance. Specify the approximate p-value for this test result.arrow_forward
- Which of the independent variables retains the strongest association with the number of children a respondent has when all other variables in the model are controlled? What is that association? Which has the weakest when other variables are controlled?arrow_forwardIn the book Business Research Methods (5th ed.), Donald R. Cooper and C. William Emory discuss studying the relationship between on-the-job accidents and smoking. Cooper and Emory describe the study as follows: Suppose a manager implementing a smoke-free workplace policy is interested in whether smoking affects worker accidents. Since the company has complete reports of on-the-job accidents, she draws a sample of names of workers who were involved in accidents during the last year. A similar sample from among workers who had no reported accidents in the last year is drawn. She interviews members of both groups to determine if they are smokers or not. The sample results are given in the following table. On-the-Job Accident Smoker Yes No Row Total Heavy 12 5 17 Moderate 9 10 19 Nonsmoker 13 17 30 Column total 34 32 66 Expected counts are below observed counts Accident No Accident Total Heavy 12 5 17 8.76 8.24…arrow_forwardDo well-rounded people get fewer colds? A study on the Chronicle of Higher Education was conducted by scientist at Carnegie Mellon University, the University of Pittsburgh and the University of Virginia. They found that people who have only a few social outlets get more colds than those who are involved in a variety of social activities. Suppose that of the 276 healthy men and women tested, n1=96 had only a few social outlets and n2=105 were busy with six or more activities. When these people were exposed to a cold virus, the following results were observed: Construct a 99% confidence interval for the difference in the two population proportions.arrow_forward
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