Introduction To Statistics And Data Analysis
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781337793612
Author: PECK, Roxy.
Publisher: Cengage Learning,
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 15.4, Problem 30E
The paper “Feedback Enhances the Positive Effects and Reduces the Negative Effects of Multiple-Choice Testing” (Memory & Cognition [2008]: 604–616) describes an experiment to investigate the effects of two factors on performance on a multiple-choice exam. The response variable was the percentage correct on a multiple-choice exam and the two factors of interest were
Subjects were randomly assigned to one of the nine treatments corresponding to the nine prior study and number of choices combinations. Mean percentage correct for each of the treatments are shown in the accompanying table.
- a. The authors concluded that there was no interaction between prior study and number of choices. Construct a graph of the treatment means (similar to those of Figure 15.8). Does this graph support the conclusion of no interaction? Explain.
- b. The paper also included the following F statistic values for testing main effects of prior study and number of choices.
The error df was reported as 69. Carry out appropriate tests to determine if the authors’ conclusion of significant main effects for both prior study and number of choices is justified.
- c. Based on your answers from Parts (a) and (b), write a few sentences describing the effect of prior study and the effect of number of choices on percentage correct.
Expert Solution & Answer
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Students have asked these similar questions
Steven Schmidt (1994) conducted a series of experiments examining the effects of humor on memory. In one study, participants were given a mix of humorous and nonhumorous sentences and significantly more humorous sentences were recalled. However, Schmidt argued that the humorous sentences were not necessarily easier to remember, they were simply preferred when participants had a choice between the two types of sentence. To test this argument, he switched to an independent-measures design in which one group got a set of exclusively humorous sentences and another group got a set of exclusively nonhumorous sentences. The following data are similar to the results from the independent- measures study. Use = .05 (two-tail) for your criteria.
To test the fairness of law enforcement in its area, a local citizens’ group wants to know whether women and men are unequally likely to get speeding tickets. Four hundred randomly selected adults were phoned and asked whether or not they had been cited for speeding in the last year. Using the results in the following table and a 0.10 level of significance, test the claim of the citizens’ group. Let men be Population 1 and let women be Population 2.
Speeding Tickets
Ticketed
Not Ticketed
Men
12
183
Women
30
175
Copy Data
Step 2 of 3 :
Compute the value of the test statistic. Round your answer to two decimal places.
An experimenter is interested in the effects of two independent variables onself-esteem. What is better about conducting a factorial experiment thanconducting two separate experiments, one for each independent variable?
Chapter 15 Solutions
Introduction To Statistics And Data Analysis
Ch. 15.1 - Give as much information as you can about the...Ch. 15.1 - Prob. 2ECh. 15.1 - Employees of a state university system can choose...Ch. 15.1 - The accompanying summary statistics for a measure...Ch. 15.1 - The authors of the paper Age and Violent Content...Ch. 15.1 - The paper referenced in the previous exercise also...Ch. 15.1 - Do people feel hungrier after sampling a healthy...Ch. 15.1 - Prob. 8ECh. 15.1 - The Paper Womens and Mens Eating Behavior...Ch. 15.1 - Can use of an online plagiarism-detection system...
Ch. 15.1 - Prob. 11ECh. 15.1 - In the introduction to this chapter, we considered...Ch. 15.1 - In an experiment to investigate the performance of...Ch. 15.2 - Leaf surface area is an important variable in...Ch. 15.2 - Prob. 15ECh. 15.2 - Prob. 16ECh. 15.2 - Prob. 17ECh. 15.2 - The paper referenced in Exercise 15.5 described an...Ch. 15.2 - Prob. 19ECh. 15.2 - The accompanying data resulted from a flammability...Ch. 15.2 - Do lizards play a role in spreading plant seeds?...Ch. 15.2 - Samples of six different brands of diet or...Ch. 15.3 - A particular county employs three assessors who...Ch. 15.3 - The accompanying display is a partially completed...Ch. 15.3 - With the use of biofuels increasing, investigators...Ch. 15.3 - Prob. 26ECh. 15.3 - Prob. 27ECh. 15.3 - Prob. 28ECh. 15.4 - Prob. 29ECh. 15.4 - The paper Feedback Enhances the Positive Effects...Ch. 15.4 - The following graphs appear in the paper Which...Ch. 15.4 - The behavior of undergraduate students when...Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 33ECh. 15.4 - The following partially completed ANOVA table...Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 35ECh. 15.4 - The accompanying ANOVA table is similar to one...Ch. 15.4 - Identification of sex in human skeletons is an...Ch. 15 - Suppose that a random sample or size n = 5 was...Ch. 15 - Parents are frequently concerned when their child...Ch. 15 - Prob. 40CRCh. 15 - Consider the accompanying data on plant growth...Ch. 15 - Prob. 42CRCh. 15 - Prob. 43CRCh. 15 - Prob. 44CRCh. 15 - Prob. 45CRCh. 15 - Prob. 46CRCh. 15 - Prob. 47CRCh. 15 - Prob. 48CRCh. 15 - Prob. 49CR
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, statistics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- To test the fairness of law enforcement in its area, a local citizens’ group wants to know whether women and men are unequally likely to get speeding tickets. Four hundred randomly selected adults were phoned and asked whether or not they had been cited for speeding in the last year. Using the results in the following table and a 0.100.10 level of significance, test the claim of the citizens’ group. Let men be Population 1 and let women be Population 2. Speeding Tickets Ticketed Not Ticketed Men 35 144 Women 22 199 step 1: find test statistic step 2: draw conclusion, interpret the reasoningarrow_forwardAn article in the journal Applied Nutritional Investigation reported the results of a comparison of two different weight-loss programs (Liao, 2007). In the study, obese participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups and the percent of body fat loss was recorded. The soy group, a low-calorie group that ate only soy-based proteins (M= 2.30, s=0.55) , while the traditional group, a low-calorie group that received 2/3 of their protein from animal products and 1/3 from plant products (M= 1.22, s=0.50). If sM1–M2 = 0.3, s2pooled = 0.275, n1 = 6, n2 = 6 is there a difference between the two diets. Use alpha of .05 anda two-tailed test to complete the 4 steps of hypothesis testing.arrow_forwardA U.S. study published in The American Journal of Preventive Medicine compared state-level prevalence of firearm ownership in 2002 with state-level rates of firearm assault and firearm robbery in the subsequent year. The investigators found a positive association - meaning that states with higher prevalence of firearm ownership also tended to be the states with higher rates of firearm assault. Which design best describes this study? a)Observational cohort study b)Randomized trial c)Case-control study d)Ecological studyarrow_forward
- A sample of 250 high school students were asked, “If you had $1000 to contribute to one kind of charitableorganization, which type of organization would you choose? Here is a two-way table that displays data ongender and response to this question. Which of the following conclusions seems to be supported by the data?(a) Most of the females who chose a health organization would have chosen an environmental organizationas their second choice, had they been asked.(b) There is no association between gender and choice of organization.(c) The proportion of males who said they would contribute to an environmental organization is higher thanthe proportion of females who said they would contribute such an organization.(d) None of the students surveyed said they would contribute to religious organizations.(e) The marginal relative frequencies of organization are 140, 110.arrow_forwardA consumer advocacy group wanted to study whether different airline carriers differed in terms of their delayed flights. In particular, the researchers were interested in the relationship between p1, the proportion of Alpha Airlines flights that were delayed at least 15 minutes, and p2, the proportion of Beta Airlines flights that were delayed at least 15 minutes. A random sample of 1,000 Alpha flights and a separate random sample of 1,000 Beta flights found that 67 of the Alpha fights and 160 of the Beta flights were delayed at least 15 minutes. The conditions for inference were checked and verified. Does this set of samples provide strong evidence that Alpha Airlines has a smaller proportion of flights that are delayed at least 15 minutes than Beta Airlines, at the α = 0.05 significance level? Find the z-table here. A. The test statistic is z = –6.56 and the P-value ≈ 0. Since the P-value ≈ 0 < 0.05, there is not sufficient evidence that Alpha Airlines has fewer delayed…arrow_forwardDo well-rounded people get fewer colds? A study on the Chronicle of Higher Education was conducted by scientist at Carnegie Mellon University, the University of Pittsburgh and the University of Virginia. They found that people who have only a few social outlets get more colds than those who are involved in a variety of social activities. Suppose that of the 276 healthy men and women tested, n1=96 had only a few social outlets and n2=105 were busy with six or more activities. When these people were exposed to a cold virus, the following results were observed: Construct a 99% confidence interval for the difference in the two population proportions.arrow_forward
- A research article on the effect of multitasking on grade performance describes an experiment in which 62 undergraduate business students were randomly assigned to one of two experimental groups. Students in one group were asked to listen to a lecture but were told that they were permitted to use cell phones to send text messages during the lecture. Students in the second group listened to the same lecture but were not permitted to send text messages. Afterwards, students in both groups took a quiz on material covered in the lecture. Data from this experiment are summarized in the accompanying table.arrow_forwardTo test the fairness of law enforcement in its area, a local citizens’ group wants to know whether women and men are unequally likely to get speeding tickets. Four hundred randomly selected adults were phoned and asked whether or not they had been cited for speeding in the last year. Using the results in the following table and a 0.02 level of significance, test the claim of the citizens’ group. Let men be Population 1 and let women be Population 2. Speeding Tickets Ticketed Not Ticketed Men 28 152 Women 20 200 Step 1 of 3: State the null and alternative hypotheses for the test. Fill in the blank below. H0: p1=p2 Ha: p1__p2 Step 2 of 3: Compute the value of the test statistic. Round your answer to two decimal places Step 3 of 3: Draw a conclusion and interpret the decision.arrow_forwardIn studies examining the effect of humor on interpersonal attractions, McGee and Shevlin (2009) found that an individual’s sense of humor had a significant effect on how the individual was perceived by others. In one part of the study, female college students were given brief descriptions of a potential romantic partner. The fictitious male was described positively as being single and ambitious and having good job prospects. For one group of participants, the description also said that he had a great sense of humor. For another group, it said that he has no sense of humor. After reading the description, each participant was asked to rate the attractiveness of the man on a seven-point scale from 1 (very unattractive) to 7 (very attractive). A score of 4 indicates a neutral rating. The females who read the “great sense of humor” description gave the potential partner an average attractiveness score of M = 4.53 with a standard deviation of s = 1.04. If the sample consisted of n = 16…arrow_forward
- W. Thomas Boyce, a professor and pediatrician at the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, has studied interactions between individual differences in physiology and differences in experience in determining health and well-being. Dr. Boyce found that some children are more sensitive to their environments. They do exceptionally well when the environment is supportive but are much more likely to have mental and physical health problems when the environment has challenges. You decide to do a similar study, conducting a factorial experiment to test the effectiveness of one environmental factor and one physiological factor on a physical health outcome. As the environmental factor, you choose two levels of stressful life events. As the physiological factor, you choose three levels of immune reactivity. The outcome is number of respiratory illnesses in the previous 12 months, and the research participants are kindergartners.arrow_forwardA school psychologist is interested in whether going to nature school, where children spend their day outside working with nature, versus public school has an effect on children's empathy toward their peers. A national survey of public schools found that, on a scale from 1 to 10, the average empathy among all children in public schools was 5 (u = 5.00). The school psychologist randomly selects 4 children from a nature school, measures their empathy toward their peers, and obtains the following scores: 10, 9, 10, 7 Using the appropriate hypothesis test and the six steps of hypothesis testing, see what the school psychologist should conclude about the difference in empathy between children who attend nature school versus children who attend public school. 1. What is the appropriate test to use ? 2. List the test's assumptions You do NOT have to test the assumptions. 3. What are the null and alternative hypotheses ? 4. Construct a sampling distribution of means representing the null…arrow_forwardA school psychologist is interested in whether going to nature school, where children spend their day outside working with nature, versus public school has an effect on children's empathy toward their peers. A national survey of public schools found that, on a scale from 1 to 10, the average empathy among all children in public schools was 5 (u = 5.00). The school psychologist randomly selects 4 children from a nature school, measures their empathy toward their peers, and obtains the following scores: 10, 9, 10, 7 Using the appropriate hypothesis test and the six steps of hypothesis testing, see what the school psychologist should conclude about the difference in empathy between children who attend nature school versus children who attend public school. 3. What are the null and alternative hypotheses ? 4. Construct a sampling distribution of means representing the null hypothesis. Specify the sampling distribution's mean and standard error 5. Using a two-tailed alpha of .05 (a=0.5)…arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
MATLAB: An Introduction with ApplicationsStatisticsISBN:9781119256830Author:Amos GilatPublisher:John Wiley & Sons Inc
Probability and Statistics for Engineering and th...StatisticsISBN:9781305251809Author:Jay L. DevorePublisher:Cengage Learning
Statistics for The Behavioral Sciences (MindTap C...StatisticsISBN:9781305504912Author:Frederick J Gravetter, Larry B. WallnauPublisher:Cengage Learning
Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World (7th E...StatisticsISBN:9780134683416Author:Ron Larson, Betsy FarberPublisher:PEARSON
The Basic Practice of StatisticsStatisticsISBN:9781319042578Author:David S. Moore, William I. Notz, Michael A. FlignerPublisher:W. H. Freeman
Introduction to the Practice of StatisticsStatisticsISBN:9781319013387Author:David S. Moore, George P. McCabe, Bruce A. CraigPublisher:W. H. Freeman
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
Statistics
ISBN:9781119256830
Author:Amos Gilat
Publisher:John Wiley & Sons Inc
Probability and Statistics for Engineering and th...
Statistics
ISBN:9781305251809
Author:Jay L. Devore
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Statistics for The Behavioral Sciences (MindTap C...
Statistics
ISBN:9781305504912
Author:Frederick J Gravetter, Larry B. Wallnau
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World (7th E...
Statistics
ISBN:9780134683416
Author:Ron Larson, Betsy Farber
Publisher:PEARSON
The Basic Practice of Statistics
Statistics
ISBN:9781319042578
Author:David S. Moore, William I. Notz, Michael A. Fligner
Publisher:W. H. Freeman
Introduction to the Practice of Statistics
Statistics
ISBN:9781319013387
Author:David S. Moore, George P. McCabe, Bruce A. Craig
Publisher:W. H. Freeman
Statistics 4.1 Point Estimators; Author: Dr. Jack L. Jackson II;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2MrI0J8XCEE;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Statistics 101: Point Estimators; Author: Brandon Foltz;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4v41z3HwLaM;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Central limit theorem; Author: 365 Data Science;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b5xQmk9veZ4;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Point Estimate Definition & Example; Author: Prof. Essa;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OTVwtvQmSn0;License: Standard Youtube License
Point Estimation; Author: Vamsidhar Ambatipudi;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=flqhlM2bZWc;License: Standard Youtube License