GENERAL CHEMISTRY(LL)-W/MASTERINGCHEM.
GENERAL CHEMISTRY(LL)-W/MASTERINGCHEM.
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134566030
Author: Petrucci
Publisher: PEARSON
bartleby

Concept explainers

bartleby

Videos

Textbook Question
Chapter 16, Problem 1E

According to the Brønsted-Lowry theory, lebel each of the following as an acid of a base (a) HNO 2 , (b) OCl - , (C) NH 2 (d) NH 4 ; (e) CH 2 NH 2 -

Expert Solution
Check Mark
Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Whether HNO2 is an acid or base according to the Bronsted and Lowry should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Bronsted and Lowry state that an acid is the species which donates proton and base is the substance that accepts.

Species that vary from one another by one proton only are considered as an acid-base pair.

The acceptance of proton by the base results in the formation of conjugate acids whereas the loss of proton by the acids results in the formation of conjugate bases.

Answer to Problem 1E

According to Bronsted and Lowry HNO2 is labeled as an acid.

Explanation of Solution

Nitrous acid HNO2 is the parent acid. The nitrous acid HNO2 loses one proton and it will form the conjugate base NO2. The equation for the dissociation HNO2 is as follows:

HNO2Acid + H2ObaseNO2Conjugate base+ H3O+Conjugate acid

Therefore, HNO2 is labeled as an acid because it donates a proton to water.

Expert Solution
Check Mark
Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Whether OCl is an acid or base according to the Bronsted and Lowry should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Bronsted and Lowry state that an acid is the species which donates proton and base is the substance that accepts.

Species that vary from one another by one proton only are considered as an acid-base pair.

The acceptance of proton by the base results in the formation of conjugate acids whereas the loss of proton by the acids results in the formation of conjugate bases.

Answer to Problem 1E

According to Bronsted and Lowry HOCl is labeled as an acid.

Explanation of Solution

Hypochlorous acid HOCl is the parent acid. The hypochlorous acid HOCl loses one proton and it will form the conjugate base OCl. The equation for the dissociation HOCl is as follows:

HOClAcid + H2ObaseOClConjugate base+ H3O+Conjugate acid

Therefore, HOCl is labeled as an acid because it donates a proton to water.

Expert Solution
Check Mark
Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Whether NH2 is an acid or base according to the Bronsted and Lowry should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Bronsted and Lowry state that an acid is the species which donates proton and base is the substance that accepts.

Species that vary from one another by one proton only are considered as an acid-base pair.

The acceptance of proton by the base results in the formation of conjugate acids whereas the loss of proton by the acids results in the formation of conjugate bases.

Answer to Problem 1E

According to Bronsted and Lowry NH2 is labeled as a base.

Explanation of Solution

The reaction of NH2 and water is as follows:

NH2Base + H2OacidNH3Conjugate acid+ OHConjugate base

In the above reaction NH2 accepts a proton from water and thus NH2 is labeled as a base.

Expert Solution
Check Mark
Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Whether NH4+ is an acid or base according to the Bronsted and Lowry should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Bronsted and Lowry state that an acid is the species which donates proton and base is the substance that accepts.

Species that vary from one another by one proton only are considered as an acid-base pair.

The acceptance of proton by the base results in the formation of conjugate acids whereas the loss of proton by the acids results in the formation of conjugate bases.

Answer to Problem 1E

According to Bronsted and Lowry NH4+ is labeled as an acid.

Explanation of Solution

The reaction of NH4+ and water is as follows:

NH4+acid + H2ObaseNH3Conjugate base+ H3O+Conjugate acid

In the above reaction, NH4+ donates a proton to the water molecule and thus NH4+ is labeled as a base. Ammonia (NH3) is its conjugate base.

Expert Solution
Check Mark
Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

Whether CH3NH3+ is an acid or base according to the Bronsted and Lowry should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Bronsted and Lowry state that an acid is the species which donates proton and base is the substance that accepts.

Species that vary from one another by one proton only are considered as an acid-base pair.

The acceptance of proton by the base results in the formation of conjugate acids whereas the loss of proton by the acids results in the formation of conjugate bases.

Answer to Problem 1E

According to Bronsted and Lowry CH3NH3+ is labeled as an acid.

Explanation of Solution

The reaction of CH3NH3+ and water is as follows:

CH3NH3+acid + H2ObaseCH3NH2Conjugate base+ H3O+Conjugate acid

In the above reaction CH3NH3+ donates a proton to the water molecule and thus CH3NH3+ is labeled as a base. Methylamine (CH3NH2) is its conjugate base.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Chapter 16 Solutions

GENERAL CHEMISTRY(LL)-W/MASTERINGCHEM.

Ch. 16 - Calculate [H2O4] and pH in saturated Ba(OH)2(aq) ,...Ch. 16 - A saturated aqueous soon of Ca(OH)2, has a pH of...Ch. 16 - Prob. 13ECh. 16 - What is the PH of the solution obtained when 125mL...Ch. 16 - How many millilaters at concentrated HCI(aq) (360%...Ch. 16 - How many milliliters of a 15.0%, by mass solution...Ch. 16 - What volume of 6.15 N HCI(aq) is required to...Ch. 16 - A 282 L volume of HCl(g), measured at 742 mmHg and...Ch. 16 - 50.00 mL of 0.0155 M Hl(aq) is mixed with 75.00 mL...Ch. 16 - 2500 mL of a HNO2(aq) solution with a pH of 2.12...Ch. 16 - What are the [H2O4] and pH of 0.143 M HNO2 ?Ch. 16 - What are the [H2O4] and pH of 0.085 M C2H2NH2 ?Ch. 16 - For the ionization of phenylacetic acid,...Ch. 16 - A 625 mL sample an aqueous solution containing...Ch. 16 - Fluroaceticectic acid occurs in gifblaar, one of...Ch. 16 - Caproic acid, HCgH11O2 , found in small amounts in...Ch. 16 - What mass of benzoic acid, CgC5COOH , would you...Ch. 16 - Whet must be the molarity of en aqueous solution...Ch. 16 - What are [H2O4] , [OH-] , pH, and pOH of 0.55 M M...Ch. 16 - What are [H2O4],[CH+],NH, and NH of 0.300 M CH2NH2...Ch. 16 - The solubility of 1-naphthylamin, C10H1NH2 ,a...Ch. 16 - A saturated aqueous solution of o-nitropenol,...Ch. 16 - A particular vinegar e found to contain 57% acetic...Ch. 16 - A particular household ammoni a solution (d = 0.97...Ch. 16 - A 275 mL sample of vapor in equilibrium with...Ch. 16 - One handbook lists a value of 95 for pK, of...Ch. 16 - In the diagram below, the sketch on the far on the...Ch. 16 - In the diagram below, the sketch on the far left...Ch. 16 - What is the (a) degree of ionization and (b)...Ch. 16 - What is the (a) degree of ionization and (b)...Ch. 16 - What must be the molarity of an aqueous solution...Ch. 16 - What must be the molarity of an acetic acid...Ch. 16 - Continuing the dilution described in Example 16.4,...Ch. 16 - What is the (a) degree of ionization and (b)...Ch. 16 - Prob. 45ECh. 16 - Cola drinks have a phosphoric acid content that as...Ch. 16 - Determine [H2O+],[HS-] , and [S2-] for the...Ch. 16 - For 0.045 M MH2CO2 , a weak diprotic acid....Ch. 16 - Calculate [H2O4] , [HSO4] , and SO42- in (a) 0.75M...Ch. 16 - Adipic acid, HOOC( CH2)4COOH , is among the top 50...Ch. 16 - The antimalarial dru g quinine, C20H24O2N2 , is a...Ch. 16 - For hydrazine, N2H4,pKa1=6.07 end pK32=15.05 ....Ch. 16 - Codeine, C12H21O2N , is an opiate and...Ch. 16 - Approximately 4 metric tons of quinoline, C8H7N ,...Ch. 16 - Complete the following equations in those...Ch. 16 - From data in Table 16.4, determine (a) Kgfor...Ch. 16 - Predict whether a solution of each of the...Ch. 16 - Arrange the following 0.010M solutions in order of...Ch. 16 - What is the pH of an aqueous solution that is...Ch. 16 - What is the pH of an aqueous solution that is...Ch. 16 - Sorbic acid, CH2CH=CH=CH2CO2H(pKg=4.772) , is...Ch. 16 - Pyridine, C3H2N(pKb=8.82) , from a salt,...Ch. 16 - For each of the blowing ions, write two equations—...Ch. 16 - Suppose you wanted to produce an aqueous solution...Ch. 16 - Predict which is the stronger acid: (a) HClO2 or...Ch. 16 - Explain why trichloroacetic acid, CCl2COOH , is a...Ch. 16 - Which is the stronger acid of each of the...Ch. 16 - Indicate Which of the following the weakest ac,...Ch. 16 - From the following bases, select the one with the...Ch. 16 - For the molecular models shown, write the formula...Ch. 16 - For each reaction draw a Lewis structure for each...Ch. 16 - In the following reactions indicate which is the...Ch. 16 - Indicate whether each of the following is a Lewis...Ch. 16 - Each of the following is a Lewis acid-base...Ch. 16 - The three following reactions are acid-base...Ch. 16 - CO2(g) can be removed from confined quarters (such...Ch. 16 - The molecular solid l2(s) e only slightly in...Ch. 16 - The following very strong acids are formed by the...Ch. 16 - Use Lewis structures to diagram the following...Ch. 16 - Use Lewis structures to diagram the following...Ch. 16 - Prob. 81IAECh. 16 - Prob. 82IAECh. 16 - Prob. 83IAECh. 16 - Prob. 84IAECh. 16 - Prob. 85IAECh. 16 - Prob. 86IAECh. 16 - From the observation that 0.0500M vinylacetic acid...Ch. 16 - Prob. 88IAECh. 16 - Use material balance and an electroneutrality...Ch. 16 - Prob. 90IAECh. 16 - Prob. 91IAECh. 16 - Prob. 92IAECh. 16 - Prob. 93IAECh. 16 - What mass of acetic acad, CH2COOH , must be...Ch. 16 - Prob. 95IAECh. 16 - Prob. 96IAECh. 16 - Prob. 97IAECh. 16 - Prob. 98IAECh. 16 - Prob. 99IAECh. 16 - Prob. 100IAECh. 16 - In this problem, we will use material balance and...Ch. 16 - Prob. 102IAECh. 16 - Prob. 103IAECh. 16 - Prob. 104IAECh. 16 - Maleic acid is a carbon-hydrogen-oxygen compound...Ch. 16 - In Example 16-9, rather than use the quadratic...Ch. 16 - Apply the general method for solution equilibrium...Ch. 16 - Prob. 108SAECh. 16 - Prob. 109SAECh. 16 - Explain the important distinctions between each...Ch. 16 - Prob. 111SAECh. 16 - Prob. 112SAECh. 16 - Prob. 113SAECh. 16 - Prob. 114SAECh. 16 - Prob. 115SAECh. 16 - Prob. 116SAECh. 16 - Prob. 117SAECh. 16 - Prob. 118SAECh. 16 - Determine the pH of 2.05 M NaCH2 ClCOO. (Use data...Ch. 16 - Prob. 120SAECh. 16 - A solution is found to have pH=5pOH . Is this...Ch. 16 - Propionic acid, CH2CHCOOH , is 0.42% ionized in...Ch. 16 - The conjugate acid of HPO42- is (a) PO42 ; (b)...Ch. 16 - Prob. 124SAECh. 16 - Prob. 125SAECh. 16 - Appendix E describes a useful study aid known as...
Knowledge Booster
Chemistry
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.
Similar questions
    Recommended textbooks for you
  • Chemistry for Engineering Students
    Chemistry
    ISBN:9781337398909
    Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme
    Publisher:Cengage Learning
    Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approa...
    Chemistry
    ISBN:9781305079250
    Author:Mark S. Cracolice, Ed Peters
    Publisher:Cengage Learning
    Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
    Chemistry
    ISBN:9781305079243
    Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl
    Publisher:Cengage Learning
  • Chemistry
    Chemistry
    ISBN:9781305957404
    Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
    Publisher:Cengage Learning
    Chemistry
    Chemistry
    ISBN:9781133611097
    Author:Steven S. Zumdahl
    Publisher:Cengage Learning
    General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
    Chemistry
    ISBN:9781285853918
    Author:H. Stephen Stoker
    Publisher:Cengage Learning
  • Chemistry for Engineering Students
    Chemistry
    ISBN:9781337398909
    Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme
    Publisher:Cengage Learning
    Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approa...
    Chemistry
    ISBN:9781305079250
    Author:Mark S. Cracolice, Ed Peters
    Publisher:Cengage Learning
    Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
    Chemistry
    ISBN:9781305079243
    Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl
    Publisher:Cengage Learning
    Chemistry
    Chemistry
    ISBN:9781305957404
    Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
    Publisher:Cengage Learning
    Chemistry
    Chemistry
    ISBN:9781133611097
    Author:Steven S. Zumdahl
    Publisher:Cengage Learning
    General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
    Chemistry
    ISBN:9781285853918
    Author:H. Stephen Stoker
    Publisher:Cengage Learning
    General Chemistry | Acids & Bases; Author: Ninja Nerd;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AOr_5tbgfQ0;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY