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17-9 Answer true or false.
(a) The one aldehyde and the one ketone with a molecular formula of C3H6O are constitutional isomers.
(b)
(c) The VSEPR model predicts bond angles of 1200 about the carbonyl carbon of aldehydes and ketones.
(d) The carbonyl carbon of a ketone is a stereocenter.
(a)
Interpretation:
Answer true or false for the following statement.
The one aldehyde and one ketone with a molecular formula of
Concept Introduction:
Constitutional isomers have the same molecular formula but different structural formulas or connectivity with atoms is different. In aldehydes, the carbonyl group is bonded to a hydrogen atom and ketones carbonyl group is bonded to two carbon atoms.
Answer to Problem 1P
The one aldehyde and one ketone with a molecular formula of
Explanation of Solution
The given molecular formula:
For this molecular formula we can draw both aldehyde and ketone. They are as follows.
From the above structures aldehydes and ketones having same molecular formula are constitutional isomers.
Therefore, the given statement is true.
(b)
Interpretation:
Answer true or false for the following statement.
Aldehydes and ketones both contain a carbonyl group.
Concept Introduction:
In aldehydes, the carbonyl group is bonded to a hydrogen atom and ketones carbonyl group is bonded to two carbon atoms.
Answer to Problem 1P
Aldehydes and ketones both contain a carbonyl group is true statement.
Explanation of Solution
In aldehydes, the carbonyl group is bonded to a hydrogen atom and in ketone carbonyl group is bonded to two carbon atoms. Hence, both an aldehyde and a ketone have a carbonyl group.
Where, R is an alkyl group.
Therefore, the given statement is true.
(c)
Interpretation:
Answer true or false for the following statement.
The VSEPR model predicts bond angles of 1200 about the carbonyl carbon of aldehydes and ketones.
Concept Introduction:
In aldehydes, the carbonyl group is bonded to a hydrogen atom and ketones carbonyl group is bonded to two carbon atoms. VSEPR model predicts the geometry of the molecule with the help of number of pair of electrons present around the central atoms and bond angle of the molecule.
Answer to Problem 1P
The VSEPR model predicts bond angles of 1200 about the carbonyl carbon if aldehydes and ketones is the true statement.
Explanation of Solution
In aldehydes, the carbonyl group is bonded to a hydrogen atom and ketones carbonyl group is bonded to two carbon atoms. The carbonyl group of aldehyde and ketone are represented are as follows.
According to VSEPR theory, three pair of electron groups forms a Trigonal planar geometry with bond angle of 1200.
Therefore, the given statement is true.
(d)
Interpretation:
Answer true or false for the following statement.
The carbonyl carbon of ketone is a stereocentre.
Concept Introduction:
A stereocentre is a tetrahedral carbon atom in which four different groups are attached to it. When an atom generally carbon is linked with four different groups, then that centre is known as chiral centre.
Answer to Problem 1P
The carbonyl carbon of ketone is a stereocenter is the false statement.
Explanation of Solution
In aldehydes, the carbonyl group is bonded to a hydrogen atom and in ketone carbonyl group is bonded to two carbon atoms. The carbonyl group of aldehyde and ketone are represented are as follows.
In ketones, the carbonyl carbon is boded to carbonyl oxygen by a double bond group and bonded to two other carbon atoms.
Therefore, the given statement is false.
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Chapter 16 Solutions
Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry
- 17-26 Account for the fact that acetone has a higher boiling point (56°C) than ethyl methyl ether (11°C) even though their molecular weights are almost the same.arrow_forward17-36 Explain why the reduction of an aldehyde always gives a primary alcohol and the reduction of a ketone always gives a secondary alcohol.arrow_forward17-35 Suppose that you take a bottle of benzaldehyde (a liquid, bp 179°C) from a shelf and find a white solid in the bottom of the bottle. The solid turns litmus red; that is, it is acidic. Yet aldehydes are neutral compounds. How can you explain these observations?arrow_forward
- 17-70 What simple chemical test could you use to distinguish between the members of each pair of com pounds? Tell what you would do, what you would expect to observe, and how you would interpret your experimental observation. (a) Benzaldehyde and cyclohexanone (b) Acetaldehyde and acetonearrow_forward17-33 What simple chemical test could you use to distinguish between the members of each pair of com pounds? Tell what you would do, what you would expect to observe, and how you would interpret your experimental observation. (a) Pentanal and 2-pentanone (b) 2-Pentanone and 2-pentanolarrow_forward17-3 1 Draw a structural formula for the principal organic product formed when each compound is treated with K2Cr2O7/H2SO4. If there is no reaction, say so. (a) Butanal (b) Benzaldehyde (c) Cyclohexanone (d) Cyclohexanolarrow_forward
- 17-34 Explain why liquid aldehydes are often stored under an atmosphere of nitrogen rather than in air.arrow_forward16-28 Following is the structural formula of metformin, the hydrochloride salt of which is marketed as the antidiabetic medication Glucophage. Metformin was introduced into clinical practice in the United States in 1995 for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. More than 25 million prescriptions for this drug were written in 2000, making it the most commonly prescribed brand-name diabetes medication in the nation. NH NH H3(\ 3 N N Nh2ch3 h Metformin Complete the Lewis structure for metformin, showing all valence electrons. Which nitrogen is the most likely site of protonation? Draw the structural formula of Glucophage.arrow_forward17-15 Draw structural formulas for the four aldehydes with the molecular formula C5H10O. Which of these aldehydes are chiral?arrow_forward
- 17-12 Is it possible for the carbon atom of a carbonyl group to be a stereocenter? Explain.arrow_forward16-17 Propylamine (bp 48°C), ethylmethylamine (bp 37°C), and trimethylamine (bp 3°C) are constitutional isomers with the molecular formula C3HgN. Account for the fact that trimethylamine has the lowest boiling point of the three and propylamine has the highest.arrow_forward17-11 What is the difference in structure between an aromatic aldehyde and an aliphatic aldehyde?arrow_forward
Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning