Chapter 16.1, Problem 1R

To determine

To Describe: the names, charges, and locations of three types of subatomic particles that make up an atom.

Explanation of Solution

Introduction:

An atom consists of three particles and they are protons, neutrons, and electrons. The protons carry positive charge, electrons carry negative charge and the neutrons are electrically neutral.

Atoms are made up of neutrons, protons, and electrons.

Protons:

The protons have approximately $1.67\times {10}^{-24}g$ mass. They are located in the centre of the nucleus along with the neutrons. The charge of protons is $1.6\times {10}^{-19}C$ . But for convenience, it is written as $‘+1e’$ .

Neutrons:

The approximate mass of the neutrons is the same as protons $\left(1.67\times {10}^{-24}g\right).$ These are located along with protons in the nucleus and the charge is electrically neutral (no charge).

Electrons:

Mass of electron is $9.11\times {10}^{-28}g$ which is less than mass of proton. Electrons are located in the orbitals. The charge on electron is same as that of proton but negative in sign. Its charge is denoted as ‘ $\text{'}-1e\text{'}$ charge.

  

Conclusion:

An atom has three components: electrons, neutrons, protons. The neutrons and protons are inside the nucleus and electrons are outside the nucleus and move in the orbitals.