Concept explainers
a)
Interpretation:
Starting from benzene as the only source of
Concept introduction:
In aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions halogens are ortho and para directing groups while the keto group is a meta directing group. Hence to prepare p-chloroacetophenone, benzene has to be halogenated and the halobenzene obtained should be subjected to Friedal-Crafts acylation.
To state:
Starting from benzene as the only source of aromatic compounds and assuming that the ortho and para isomers can be separated, if necessary, how p-chloroacetophenone can be synthesized.
b)
Interpretation:
Starting from benzene as the only source of aromatic compounds and assuming that the ortho and para isomers can be separated, if necessary, how m-bromonitrobenzene can be synthesized is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
In aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions halogens are ortho and para directing groups while the nitro group is a meta directing group. Hence to prepare m-bromonitrobenzene, benzene has to be first nitrated and the nitrobenzene obtained should be halogenated.
To state:
Starting from benzene as the only source of aromatic compounds and assuming that the ortho and para isomers can be separated, if necessary, how m–bromonitrobenzene can be synthesized.
c)
Interpretation:
Starting from benzene as the only source of aromatic compounds and assuming that the ortho and para isomers can be separated, if necessary, how o-bromobenzenesulfonic acid can be synthesized is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
In aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions halogens are ortho and para directing groups while the sulfonic acid group is a meta directing group. Hence to prepare o-bromobenzenesulfonic acid, benzene has to be halogenated and the halobenzene obtained should be subjected to sulfonation.
To state:
Starting from benzene as the only source of aromatic compounds and assuming that the ortho and para isomers can be separated, if necessary, how o-bromobenzenesulfonic acid can be synthesized.
d)
Interpretation:
Starting from benzene as the only source of aromatic compounds and assuming that the ortho and para isomers can be separated, if necessary, how m-chlorobenzenesulfonic acid can be synthesized is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
In aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions halogens are ortho and para directing groups while the sulfonic acid group is a meta directing group. Hence to prepare m-chlorobenzenesulfonic acid, benzene has to be sulfonated and the benzenesulfonicacid obtained should be halogenated.
To state:
Starting from benzene as the only source of aromatic compounds and assuming that the ortho and para isomers can be separated, if necessary, how m-chlorobenzenesulfonic acid can be synthesized.
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Chapter 16 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
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