Financial & Managerial Accounting
13th Edition
ISBN: 9781285866307
Author: Carl Warren, James M. Reeve, Jonathan Duchac
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 17, Problem 17.3CP
Factory overhead rate
Salvo Inc., a specialized equipment manufacturer, uses a
Our accounting system doesn’t make any sense to me. It tells me that every labor hour carries an additional burden of $1,500. This means that direct labor makes up only 6% of our total product cost yet it drives all our costs. In addition, these rates give my design engineers incentives to "design out" direct labor by using machine technology. Yet, over the past years as we have had less and less direct labor, the overhead rate keeps going up and up. I won’t be surprised if next year the rate is $2,000 per direct labor hour. I’m also concerned because small errors in our estimates of the direct labor content can have a large impact on our estimated costs. Just a 30-minute error in our estimate of assembly time is worth $750. Small mistakes in our direct labor time estimates really swing our bids around. I think this puts us at a disadvantage when we are going after business.
- 1. What is the engineer’s concern about the overhead rate going “up and up”?
- 2. What did the engineer mean about the large overhead rate being a disadvantage when placing bids and seeking new business?
- 3. What do you think is a possible solution?
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Chapter 17 Solutions
Financial & Managerial Accounting
Ch. 17 - Prob. 1DQCh. 17 - What kind of firm would use a job order cost...Ch. 17 - Which account is used in the job order cost system...Ch. 17 - Prob. 4DQCh. 17 - What is a job cost sheet?Ch. 17 - Prob. 6DQCh. 17 - Discuss how the predetermined factory overhead...Ch. 17 - A. How is a predetermined factory overhead rate...Ch. 17 - Prob. 9DQCh. 17 - Describe how a job order cost .system can be used...
Ch. 17 - Issuance of materials On April 6, Almerinda...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.1BPECh. 17 - Direct labor costs During April, Almerinda Company...Ch. 17 - Direct labor costs During August, Rothchild...Ch. 17 - Factory overhead costs During April, Almerinda...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.3BPECh. 17 - Applying factory overhead Almerinda Company...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.4BPECh. 17 - Job costs At the end of April, Almerinda Company...Ch. 17 - Job costs At the end of August, Rothchild Company...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.6APECh. 17 - Prob. 17.6BPECh. 17 - Transactions in a job order cost system Five...Ch. 17 - Cost flow relationships The following information...Ch. 17 - Cost of materials issuances under the FIFO method...Ch. 17 - Entry for issuing materials Materials issued for...Ch. 17 - Entries for materials Eclectic Ergonomics Company...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.6EXCh. 17 - Entry for factory labor costs The weekly time...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.8EXCh. 17 - Factory overhead rates, entries, and account...Ch. 17 - Predetermined factory overhead rate Spring Street...Ch. 17 - Predetermined factory overhead rate Poehling...Ch. 17 - Entry for jobs completed; cost of unfinished jobs...Ch. 17 - Entries for factory costs and jobs completed Old...Ch. 17 - Financial statements of a manufacturing firm The...Ch. 17 - Decision making with job order costs Alvarez...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.16EXCh. 17 - Job order cost accounting for a service company...Ch. 17 - Job order cost accounting for a service company...Ch. 17 - Entries for costs in a job order cost system...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.2APRCh. 17 - Job order cost sheet Remnant Carpet Company sells...Ch. 17 - Analyzing manufacturing cost accounts Fire Rock...Ch. 17 - Flow of costs and income statement Ginocera Inc....Ch. 17 - Entries for costs in a job order cost system Royal...Ch. 17 - Entries and schedules for unfinished jobs and...Ch. 17 - Job order cost sheet Stretch and Trim Carpet...Ch. 17 - Analyzing manufacturing cost accounts Clapton...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.5BPRCh. 17 - Managerial analysis The controller of the plant of...Ch. 17 - Job order decision making and rate deficiencies...Ch. 17 - Factory overhead rate Salvo Inc., a specialized...Ch. 17 - Recording manufacturing costs Todd Lay just began...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.5CP
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- Rulers Company is a neon sign company that estimated overhead will be $60,000, consisting of 1,500 machine hours. The cost to make Job 416 is $95 in neon, 15 hours of labor at $13 per hour, and five machine hours. During the month, it incurs $95 in indirect material cost, $130 in administrative labor, $320 in utilities, and $350 in depreciation expense. What is the predetermined overhead rate if machine hours are considered the cost driver? What is the cost of Job 416? What is the overhead incurred during the month?arrow_forwardNutts management is very concerned about the cost of overhead on its jobs. When jobs are complete, overhead costs should be between 15% and 20% of total costs. For example, the labor cost on Job 8958 is 25% of total costs, higher than the norm. Open Job 8961 and click the Chart sheet tab. A pie chart appears showing the cost components on that job. Record the labor cost percentage in the space provided. Repeat this for each of the jobs worked on in August. Did Nutt maintain good cost control on all its jobs? Explain. Worksheet. During September, Job 8963 required two additional material requisitions to complete the job. Open JOB8963 and modify the job cost sheet to include an area for four direct material requisition entries instead of three. Then enter the following two materials requisitions onto the worksheet: Preview the printout to make sure it will print neatly on one page, and then print the worksheet. Save the completed worksheet as JOBT. Chart. Open JOB8964 and click the Chart sheet tab. Prepare a bar chart for JOB8964 showing the amount of material, labor, and overhead required to complete the job. Use the Chart Data Table found in rows 4246 as a basis for preparing the chart. Enter your name somewhere on the chart. Save the file again as J0B8964. Print the chart.arrow_forwardPocono Cement Forms expects $900,000 in overhead during the next year. It does not know whether it should apply overhead on the basis of its anticipated direct labor hours of 60,000 or its expected machine hours of 30,000. Determine the product cost under each predetermined allocation rate if the last job incurred $1,550 in direct material cost, 90 direct labor hours, and 75 machine hours. Wages are paid at $16 per hour.arrow_forward
- Overhead application rate Roll Tide Manufacturing Inc. uses a job order cost system and standard costs. It manufactures one product, whose standard cost follows: The standards are based on normal capacity of 2,700 direct labor hours. Actual activity for March follows: Required: 1. Compute the variable and fixed factory overhead rates per unit. 2. Compute the variable and fixed overhead rates per direct labor hour. 3. Determine the total fixed factory overhead based on normal capacity.arrow_forwardPREDETERMINED FACTORY OVERHEAD RATE Marston Enterprises calculates a predetermined factory overhead rate so that factory overhead may be applied to production during the month. It calculates the overhead using three different methods and then decides which one to use. Total estimated factory overhead costs are 600,000. Total estimated direct labor hours are 30,000. Total estimated direct labor costs are 1,200,000. Total machine hours are estimated to be 200,000. Calculate the predetermined overhead application rates based on (1) direct labor hours, (2) direct labor costs, and (3) machine hours.arrow_forwardSan Mateo Optics, Inc., specializes in manufacturing lenses for large telescopes and cameras used in space exploration. As the specifications for the lenses are determined by the customer and vary considerably, the company uses a job-order costing system. Manufacturing overhead is applied to jobs on the basis of direct labor hours, utilizing the absorption- or full-costing method. San Mateos predetermined overhead rates for 20x1 and 20x2 were based on the following estimates. Jim Cimino, San Mateos controller, would like to use variable (direct) costing for internal reporting purposes as he believes statements prepared using variable costing are more appropriate for making product decisions. In order to explain the benefits of variable costing to the other members of San Mateos management team, Cimino plans to convert the companys income statement from absorption costing to variable costing. He has gathered the following information for this purpose, along with a copy of San Mateos 20x1 and 20x2 comparative income statement. San Mateo Optics, Inc. Comparative Income Statement For the Years 20x1 and 20x2 San Mateos actual manufacturing data for the two years are as follows: The companys actual inventory balances were as follows: For both years, all administrative expenses were fixed, while a portion of the selling expenses resulting from an 8 percent commission on net sales was variable. San Mateo reports any over-or underapplied overhead as an adjustment to the cost of goods sold. Required: 1. For the year ended December 31, 20x2, prepare the revised income statement for San Mateo Optics, Inc., utilizing the variable-costing method. Be sure to include the contribution margin on the revised income statement. 2. Describe two advantages of using variable costing rather than absorption costing. (CMA adapted)arrow_forward
- Darnell Poston, owner of Poston Manufacturing, Inc., wants to determine the cost behavior of labor and overhead. Darnell pays his workers a salary; during busy times, everyone works to get the orders out. Temps (temporary workers hired through an agency) may be hired to pack and prepare completed orders for shipment. During slower times, Darnell catches up on bookkeeping and administrative tasks while the salaried workers do preventive maintenance, clean the lines and building, etc. Temps are not hired during slow times. Darnell found that workers salaries, temp agency payments, rentals, utilities, and plant and equipment depreciation are the largest dollar accounts. He believes that workers salaries and plant and equipment depreciation are fixed, temp agency payments are associated with the number of orders (since temp workers are used to pack and prepare completed orders for shipment), and electricity is associated with the number of machine hours. When the number of different parts stored by Poston exceeds the space in the materials storeroom, Darnell rents nearby warehouse space. He can rent as much or as little space as he wants on a month-to-month basis. Therefore, he believes warehouse rental payments are variable with the number of parts purchased and stored. The account balances for the past six months as well as the six-month total are as follows: Information on number of machine hours, orders, and parts for the six-month period follows: Required: 1. Calculate the monthly average account balance for each account. Calculate the average monthly amount for each of the three drivers. 2. Calculate fixed monthly cost and the variable rates for temp agency payments, warehouse rent, and electricity. Express the results in the form of an equation for total cost. 3. In July, Darnell predicts there will be 420 orders, 250 parts, and 5,900 machine hours. What is the total labor and overhead cost for July? 4. What if Darnell buys a new machine in July for 24,000? The machine is expected to last 10 years and will have no salvage value at the end of that time. What part of the cost equation will be affected? How? What is the new expected cost in July?arrow_forwardPREDETERMINED FACTORY OVERHEAD RATE Millerlile Enterprises calculates a predetermined factory overhead rate so that factory overhead may be applied to production during the month. It calculates the overhead using three different methods and then decides which one to use. Total estimated factory overhead costs are 540,000. Total estimated direct labor hours are 50,000. Total estimated direct labor costs are 900,000. Total machine hours are estimated to be 80,000. Calculate the predetermined overhead application rates based on (1) direct labor hours, (2) direct labor costs, and (3) machine hours.arrow_forwardSteeler Towel Company estimates its overhead to be $250,000. It expects to have 100,000 direct labor hours costing $2,500,000 in labor and utilizing 12,500 machine hours. Calculate the predetermined overhead rate using: A. Direct labor hours B. Direct labor dollars C. Machine hoursarrow_forward
- Overhead application rate Creole Manufacturing Inc. uses a job order cost system and standard costs. It manufactures one product, whose standard cost follows: The standards are based on normal capacity of 2,400 direct labor hours. Actual activity for October follows: Required: 1. Compute the variable and fixed factory overhead rates per unit. 2. Compute the variable and fixed overhead rates per direct labor hour. 3. Determine the total fixed factory overhead based on normal capacity.arrow_forwardSmokeCity, Inc., manufactures barbeque smokers. Based on past experience, SmokeCity has found that its total annual overhead costs can be represented by the following formula: Overhead cost = 543,000 + 1.34X, where X equals number of smokers. Last year, SmokeCity produced 20,000 smokers. Actual overhead costs for the year were as expected. Required: 1. What is the driver for the overhead activity? 2. What is the total overhead cost incurred by SmokeCity last year? 3. What is the total fixed overhead cost incurred by SmokeCity last year? 4. What is the total variable overhead cost incurred by SmokeCity last year? 5. What is the overhead cost per unit produced? 6. What is the fixed overhead cost per unit? 7. What is the variable overhead cost per unit? 8. Recalculate Requirements 5, 6, and 7 for the following levels of production: (a) 19,500 units and (b) 21,600 units. (Round your answers to the nearest cent.) Explain this outcome.arrow_forwardEvent Forms expects $120,000 in overhead during the next year. It doesn't know whether it should apply overhead on the basis of its anticipated direct labor hours of 6,000 or its expected machine hours of 5,000. What would be the product cost under each predetermined allocation rate if the last job incurred $3,500 in direct material cost, 55 direct labor hours, and 55 machine hours? Wages are paid at $17 per hour.arrow_forward
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