Chapter 17, Problem 1A

Summary Introduction

To analyze:

The correct term to describe the given sentence.

Introduction:

Nomenclature refers to the giving or providing names to a particular thing according to their field and the name should be universal so that the thing can easily be recognized by its name universally.

Every single familiar species on earth is specified with a particular name, this is referred to as nomenclature. The nomenclature is important because they allow people throughout the world to communicate unambiguously about species.

Answer to Problem 1A

The correct term to describe System of naming species using two words is Binomial Nomenclature.

Explanation of Solution

In eighteenth century, Carolus Linnaeus proposed a system for nomenclature known as “Binomial Nomenclature”.

According to this, two terms are used to describe a species of living organisms, in which the first word indicates a genus and second word indicates a species. So, Binomial Nomenclature is the biological system of naming the organisms.

For example, the scientific name for mango is Mangifera indica. In this, Mangifera denotes the genus while indica denote the species.

Biologists assigned the codes for naming of organisms and there are two international codes which are approved upon by all the biologists over the whole world for the naming protocol. They are:

1. International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN) − Deals with the biological nomenclature for plants.
2. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) − Deals with the biological nomenclature of animals.

These codes ensure that each organism gets a specific name and that name is worldwide identified.

Rules of binomial Nomenclature:

• All the scientific names of organisms are usually Latin. Therefore, they are written in italics.
• Binomial name will consist of two words. The first word identifies the genus and the second word identifies the species.
• When the names are handwritten, they are underlined or italicized if typed. This is done to specify its Latin origin.
• The name of the genus starts with a capital letter and the name of the species starts with a small letter.
• The name of scientist or biologist must be written after specific epithet in abbreviated form.
• Example: Mangifera indica Linn.