Campbell Biology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134093413
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 17.2, Problem 1CC
MAKE CONNECTIONS → In a research artide about alkaptonuria published in 1902, Garrod suggested that humans inherit two "characters" (alleles) for a particular enzyme and that both parents must contribute a faulty version for the offspring to have alkaptonuria. Today, would this disorder be called dominant or recessive? (See Concept 14.4.)
1. What is a promoter? Is it located at the upstream or downstream end of a transcription unit?
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Q1. Predict the effects (on translation of coat gene and replicase gene) of the following mutations on phage R17 coat gene and replicase gene translation and explain the logic of your answers:
a. An amber mutation (premature stop codon) six codons downstream of the coat gene initiation codon.
b. Mutations in the stem loop around the coat gene initiation codon that weakens the base-pairing in the stem loop.
c. Mutations in the interior of the replicase gene that cause it to base-pair with the coat gene initiation codon.
Q1: In your own words, define RNA splicing. When during gene expression does it occur? Q2: What do you predict would happen if the introns were not removed from RNA before translation? Why would it be a problem if the introns were not removed? Q3: Where is the mRNA destined to go once it has been transported out of the nucleus?
Q.)
A.)Search in human genome if any examples of mRNA translated from 2 different sites?and give examples?
B.)aminoacyl tRNA synthetase is specialized or not ? And why?
Chapter 17 Solutions
Campbell Biology (11th Edition)
Ch. 17.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 17.1 - What polypeptide product would you expect from a...Ch. 17.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 17.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS In a research artide about...Ch. 17.2 - What enables RNA polymerase to start transcribing...Ch. 17.2 - WHAT IF? Suppose X-rays caused a sequence change...Ch. 17.3 - There are about 20,000 human protein-coding genes....Ch. 17.3 - How is RNA splicing similar to how you would watch...Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 17.4 - What two processes ensure that the correct amino...
Ch. 17.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 17.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 17.4 - WH AT IF? In eukaryotic cells, mRNAs have been...Ch. 17.5 - What happens when one nucleotide pair is lost from...Ch. 17.5 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Individuals heterozygous for the...Ch. 17.5 - WHAT IF? DRAW IT The template strand of a gene...Ch. 17 - Describe the process of gene expression, by which...Ch. 17 - What are the similarities and differences in the...Ch. 17 - What function do the 5' cap and the poly-A tail...Ch. 17 - Prob. 17.4CRCh. 17 - What will be the results of chemically modifying...Ch. 17 - In eukaryotic cells, transcription cannot begin...Ch. 17 - Which of the following is not true of a codon? (A)...Ch. 17 - The anticodon of a particular tRNA molecule is (A)...Ch. 17 - Which of the following is not true of RNA...Ch. 17 - Which component is not directly involved in...Ch. 17 - Using Figure 17.6, identify a 5' 3' sequence of...Ch. 17 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 17 - Would the coupling of the processes shown in...Ch. 17 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 17 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 17 - scientific inquiry Knowing that the genetic code...Ch. 17 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 17 - Prob. 13TYU
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- Q1: As illustrated here, at what control point is transcription regulated? Q2: What is a possible advantage of regulating gene expression before transcription, versus after? Q3: If you wanted to up-regulate production of the hemagglutinin protein in a tobacco plant carrying the hemagglutinin gene, at which control point(s) would that be possible? Justify your reasoning.arrow_forwardPlz do explain.Thanks Question:- Many types of breast cancer have chromosomal translocation mutations. What scenario best describes, what occurs during this type of mutation, causing cells to proliferate abnormally? Chromosomal translocations may place the gene downstream near the promoter region, therefore causing over-expression of the gene The gene may be placed in the transcription start site, downstream of the gene, initiating transcription by recruiting polymerase II Translocation mutations will initiate the transcription of mRNA in the cytoplasm of the cell catalyzing protein synthesis. Chromosomal translocations can sometimes place a gene under the control of a powerful enhancer, upstream.arrow_forwardDiscuss Concepts Why do you suppose cells evolved internal response mechanisms using molecules that bind GTP instead of ATP?arrow_forward
- Q. Write down the importance of post transcriptional modifications? Write in 5 to 6 points with least plagirism in ur own wordsarrow_forwardEssay: Relate the structure of the DNA to its role as a molecule for inheritance. Elaborate on the significance of DNA Describe the molecular mechanisms involved in P53’srole as a tumor repressor protein packaging in the inheritance and transmission of traits.arrow_forwardWHAT IF? In eukaryotic cells, mRNAs have been foundto have a circular arrangement in which proteins holdthe poly-A tail near the 5¿ cap. How might this increasetranslation efficiency?arrow_forward
- Q1: Why is only one strand of DNA used as a template? Q2: If a mutation occurred within the promoter or terminator region, do you think it would affect the mRNA transcribed? Why or why not? Q3: The template strand of part of a gene has the base sequence TGAGAAGACCAGGGTTGT. What is the sequence of RNA transcribed from this DNA, assuming that RNA polymerase travels from left to right on this strand?arrow_forwardWHAT IF? Suppose the mRNA being degraded in Figure18.14 coded for a protein that promotes cell division ina multicellular organism. What would happen if a mutation disabled the gene for the miRNA that triggers thisdegradation?arrow_forwardQ34. mRNA decay (breakdown) can play an important role in controlling protein abundance. Which of the following scenarios correctly describes a relationship between mRNA decay and protein abundance? A. A decrease in transcription with an increase in the rate of mRNA decay can result in increased protein abundance. B. An increase in transcription with an increase in the rate of mRNA decay can result in no change in protein abundance. C. An increase rate of protein synthesis but failure to form an apoprotein can be explained by a decrease in mRNA decay. D. None of the abovearrow_forward
- WHAT IF? What would be the effect of treating cellswith an agent that removed the cap from mRNAs?arrow_forwardExamining Figure 11-21, what effect do you predict trpAmutations will have on trp mRNA expression?arrow_forwardQ1A) Fig. 6.10, the blue curve suggests high level of transcription initiation for that set of samples. Why did it increase? Q1B) In the same figure, the data for the green curve was obtained with a so-called rifampicin-resistant core. You would expect that the green curve should overlap with the blue one, but it doesn’t. What is the reason?arrow_forward
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