Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781305073951
Author: Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 18, Problem 15SQ
Summary Introduction
To match: The terms with suitable descriptions.
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This video refers to Denisovans as a “Ghost Lineage.” In fact, Denisovans don’t even have a formal scientific name. What is the physical evidence that anthropologists need to further define and understand the Denisovans?
A.
None of the above
B.
A Type Specimen (and more Denisovan fossils)
C.
Neanderthal DNA
D.
H. sapiens DNA
In 1983, a team of scientists discovered a fossilized bone of a giant bird when excavating land in Brazil. After studying the fossil, the team thought that the bird was unique to South America but had been extinct for millions of years. Many years later, another fossil from the same giant bird was found in Nigeria. The two fossils were formed in rock that was very similar to one another.
Look at the land masses on the map. What can the scientists conclude?
a
The land masses were once connected.
b
These were two different types of giant birds, even if their fossils look identical.
c
The fossils date to different time periods and appear in separate regions.
d
The giant bird migrated to South America, because the bones were later found in Nigeria.
Why can’t scientists just do DNA analysis on these fossil hominins to determine if they are a separate species and possibly what species they belong to?
A.
The DNA of fossil hominins is too similar to modern humans, making it difficult to distinguish between them.
B.
The technology for extracting DNA from fossils hasn't been developed yet.
C.
The fossils would need to be in a -5 degree Celsius environment to prevent DNA from degrading
D.
Scientists can't perform DNA analysis on fossil hominins because the fossils have been contaminated with modern human DNA over the years, making it impossible to isolate the ancient genetic material.
Chapter 18 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 18 - In cladistics, the only taxon that is always...Ch. 18 - Prob. 2SQCh. 18 - A clade is _________. a. defined by a derived...Ch. 18 - Prob. 4SQCh. 18 - In cladograms, sister groups are _______ . a....Ch. 18 - Through _______, a body part of an ancestor is...Ch. 18 - Homologous structures among major groups of...Ch. 18 - Prob. 8SQCh. 18 - Mitochondrial DNA sequences are often used in...Ch. 18 - Hawaiian Honeycreeper Phylogeny The Poouli...
Ch. 18 - Prob. 2DAACh. 18 - Hawaiian Honeycreeper Phylogeny The Poouli...Ch. 18 - Hawaiian Honeycreeper Phylogeny The Poouli...Ch. 18 - Molecular clocks are based on comparisons of the...Ch. 18 - True or false? DNA barcoding can identify an...Ch. 18 - A mutation that alters the embryonic expression...Ch. 18 - All of the following data types can be used as...Ch. 18 - True or false? Phylogeny helps us study the spread...Ch. 18 - Prob. 15SQCh. 18 - In the late 1800s, a biologist studying animal...Ch. 18 - The photos shown above illustrate a case of...
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- . DNA sequences in many human genes are very similar to thesequences of corresponding genes in chimpanzees. The mostlikely explanation for this result is that(A) humans and chimpanzees share a relatively recent common ancestor.(B) humans evolved from chimpanzees.(C) chimpanzees evolved from humans.(D) convergent evolution led to the DNA similarities.arrow_forwardWhy are human and chimpanzee DNA 96 percent similar? Please choose the best option.a) Both groups show similarities in their fossil record.b) Humans and chimpanzees share several similar traits such as the use of tools.c) These two species descended from a recent common ancestor.d) Natural selection has favored those particular genes in both humans and chimpanzees.arrow_forward1. Chimpanzees and humans appear very much alike because of? * a. common adaptations to similar environmental conditions evolved in both b. They shared common traits c. They shared analogous traits d. Genetically shared 50% of their genes. 2. Which describes the modern classification system? * a. based on evolutionary relationships b. called Linnean classification c. based on similar appearances d. called Darwinian classificationarrow_forward
- Match the terms with the most suitable description. ___ phylogeny a. similar across many taxa ___ cladogram b. evolutionary history ___ master regulators c. human arm and bird wing ___ convergent d. present in a group but evolution not in its ancestors ___ derived character e. based on neutral mutations ___ molecular clock f. insect wing and bird wing ___ analogous g. diagram of sets within sets structures h. different lineages evolve in ___ divergent a similar way evolution i. closely related lineages ___ homologous evolve in different ways structuresarrow_forwardWhat is not always true of a valid binomial species name like Homo sapiens? A. It includes the genus name B. It is the first published name applied to the biological species C. It is defined by autapomorphic character states D. Technically, it consists of a noun and an adjective asaparrow_forwardAll of the following data types can be used as evidence of shared ancestry except similarities in _______ . a. amino acid sequence d. embryonic development b. DNA sequence e. form due to convergence c. fossil morphology f. all are appropriatearrow_forward
- 1)The wings of an insect and bird have similar structures and purposes, but different ancestors; therefore, the wings of both are ______ structures. * A. Homologous B. Analogous C. Identical D. Vestigialarrow_forward1. Approximately when did our ancestor split from that of monkey's? Group of answer choices a.6 million years b.4.5 million years c. 7 million yearsarrow_forwardResearchers have found fossils of Eocene horse species in Colorado. Deeper deposits contain smaller species, and more recent deposits contain larger species. How does this observation support the theory of evolution? A. It provides evidence that species change over time. B. It does not support the theory of evolution. C. It shows that all species are related to each other. D. It proves that environments have changed over time. E. It suggests that species are unchanging and of recent origin.arrow_forward
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