Chapter 18, Problem 18.19QP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electro chemical equilibrium comparison should be understand given the corresponding statement.

Concept Introduction:

Concept of equilibrium process: The any system at equilibrium subject to change in concentration, temperature, volume or pressure then the system readjusts itself to partly counteract the effect of the applied change and new equilibrium is formed. This equilibrium explain to simple way, a system equilibrium is distributed the system will adjust itself in such a way that the effect of the change will be reduced.

Electro chemical equilibrium: The each ions the equilibrium (or) reversal potential is the membrane potential where the net flow through any open channels is zero (0). In other words at ${\text{E}}_{\text{rev}}$  the chemical and electrical forces are in balance. Moreover the chemical and electrical gradients are equal in magnitude, the ion is said to be iv electro chemical equilibrium and the membrane potential that is established at equilibrium is said to be the equilibrium potential for that ion’s under the existing concentration gradient.

Forward Reaction: This type of reaction has involved irreversible, if obtained product cannot be converted back in to respective reactants under the same conditions. Backward Reaction: This type of reaction process involved a reversible, if the products can be converted into a back to reactants.

Nernst equation: This equation is very important in electro chemistry, it is related the reduction potential of an electro chemical reaction (half-cell) reaction to standard electrode potential, temperature and activities of the chemical species undergoing for reduction and oxidation process.

To Identify: The electro chemical equilibrium constant (K) values should be understood given the statement.