Chapter 18, Problem 1TYC

To determine

The factors that lie behind the shift of population from rural to urban. Also, to determine the nations which are experiencing fastest urban growth and the reason for that.

Answer to Problem 1TYC

Rural areas are turning into urban areas to create better opportunities and improve the infrastructure of the country.

Explanation of Solution

Urban areas are human settlements with high population density and advanced infrastructure. Rural areas determine countryside locations that are outside cities and towns. Rural areas are human settlements with low population density and does not have urban infrastructure.

Urbanization has become very common since $2009$. Urbanization is the shift from rural areas to urban areas. People are shifting from rural areas to urban areas for several reasons. Industrialization is one of the main reasons behind it. Industrialization has increased the jobs in cities and reduced the need for farm labour. Environmental factors also influence urbanization. Urban areas are more developed and are located near resources so that they can be processed, manufactured, and shipped to market. People shift from rural areas to urban areas as there are more job opportunities in urban areas. Urban areas provide better education and people feel their life style would be better if they live in urban areas.

The nations that are experiencing fastest urban growth include Nigeria, Tanzania, Burundi, Niger, India, and China. India and China are already densely populated areas and are expected to account for $37\%$ of world’s urban growth by $2050$.  These nations are developing and improving their infrastructure and technologies. So, urbanization is taking place at a fast rate in these countries.