Physics for Scientists and Engineers
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781337553278
Author: Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 18, Problem 43AP
Starting with Equation 18.11, show that the total pressure P in a container filled with a mixture of several ideal gases is
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Assuming a total pressure of 9.5 X 105 Pa, what is the partial pressure of each component in the mixture of 98% helium and 2.0% oxygen breathed by deep-sea divers? How does the partial pressure of oxygen in diving gas compare with its partial pressure in normal air?
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Chapter 18 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers
Ch. 18.1 - Prob. 18.1QQCh. 18.3 - Consider the following pairs of materials. Which...Ch. 18.4 - If you are asked to make a very sensitive glass...Ch. 18.4 - Two spheres are made of the same metal and have...Ch. 18.5 - A common material for cushioning objects in...Ch. 18.5 - On a winter day, you turn on your furnace and the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 1PCh. 18 - Prob. 2PCh. 18 - Prob. 3PCh. 18 - Liquid nitrogen has a boiling point of 195.81C at...
Ch. 18 - Death Valley holds the record for the highest...Ch. 18 - Prob. 6PCh. 18 - A copper telephone wire has essentially no sag...Ch. 18 - A pair of eyeglass frames is made of epoxy...Ch. 18 - The Trans-Alaska pipeline is 1 300 km long,...Ch. 18 - A square hole 8.00 cm along each side is cut in a...Ch. 18 - You are watching a new bridge being built near...Ch. 18 - You are watching a new bridge being built near...Ch. 18 - At 20.0C, an aluminum ring has an inner diameter...Ch. 18 - Why is the following situation impossible? A thin...Ch. 18 - A volumetric flask made of Pyrex is calibrated at...Ch. 18 - Review. On a day that the temperature is 20.0C, a...Ch. 18 - Review. The Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco...Ch. 18 - Your father and your younger brother are...Ch. 18 - An auditorium has dimensions 10.0 m 20.0 m 30.0...Ch. 18 - A container in the shape of a cube 10.0 cm on each...Ch. 18 - Prob. 21PCh. 18 - Prob. 22PCh. 18 - In state-of-the-art vacuum systems, pressures as...Ch. 18 - You have scored a great internship with NASA,...Ch. 18 - Review. The mass of a hot-air balloon and its...Ch. 18 - A room of volume V contains air having equivalent...Ch. 18 - Prob. 27PCh. 18 - You are applying for a position with a sea rescue...Ch. 18 - The pressure gauge on a cylinder of gas registers...Ch. 18 - A steel beam being used in the construction of a...Ch. 18 - Two metal bars are made of invar and a third bar...Ch. 18 - Why is the following situation impossible? An...Ch. 18 - A student measures the length of a brass rod with...Ch. 18 - The density of gasoline is 730 kg/m3 at 0C. Its...Ch. 18 - A liquid has a density . (a) Show that the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 36APCh. 18 - The rectangular plate shown in Figure P18.37 has...Ch. 18 - A bimetallic strip of length L is made of two...Ch. 18 - Prob. 39APCh. 18 - A vertical cylinder of cross-sectional area A is...Ch. 18 - Review. Consider an object with any one of the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 42APCh. 18 - Starting with Equation 18.11, show that the total...Ch. 18 - Review. A house roof is a perfectly flat plane...Ch. 18 - A 1.00-km steel railroad rail is fastened securely...Ch. 18 - Prob. 46CP
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- A vertical cylinder of cross-sectional area A is fitted with a tight-fitting, frictionless piston of mass m (Fig. P16.56). The piston is not restricted in its motion in any way and is supported by the gas at pressure P below it. Atmospheric pressure is P0. We wish to find die height h in Figure P16.56. (a) What analysis model is appropriate to describe the piston? (b) Write an appropriate force equation for the piston from this analysis model in terms of P, P0, m, A, and g. (c) Suppose n moles of an ideal gas are in the cylinder at a temperature of T. Substitute for P in your answer to part (b) to find the height h of the piston above the bottom of the cylinder.arrow_forwardA cylinder with a piston holds 0.50 m3 of oxygen at an absolute pressure of 4.0 atm. The piston is pulled outward, increasing the volume of the gas until the pressure drops to 1.0 atm. If the temperature stays constant, what new volume does the gas occupy? (a) 1.0 m3 (b) 1.5 m3 (c) 2.0 m3 (d) 0.12 m3 (e) 2.5 m3arrow_forwardA gas is in a container of volume V0 at pressure P0. It is being pumped out of the container by a piston pump. Each stroke of the piston removes a volume Vs through valve A and then pushes the air out through valve B as shown in Figure P19.74. Derive an expression that relates the pressure Pn of the remaining gas to the number of strokes n that have been applied to the container. FIGURE P19.74arrow_forward
- A sealed cubical container 20.0 cm on a side contains a gas with three times Avogadros number of neon atoms at a temperature of 20.0C. (a) Find the internal energy of the gas. (b) Find the total translational kinetic energy of the gas. (c) Calculate the average kinetic energy per atom, (d) Use Equation 10.13 to calculate the gas pressure. (e) Calculate the gas pressure using the ideal gas law (Eq. 10.8).arrow_forwardReview. This problem is a continuation of Problem 39 in Chapter 19. A hot-air balloon consists of an envelope of constant volume 400 m3. Not including tire air inside, the balloon and cargo have mass 200 kg. The air outside and originally inside is a diatomic ideal gas at 10.0C and 101 kPa, with density 1.25 kg/m3. A propane burner at the center of the spherical envelope injects energy into the air inside. The air inside stays at constant pressure. Hot air, at just the temperature required to make the balloon lift off, starts to fill the envelope at its closed top, rapidly enough so that negligible energy flows by heat to the cool air below it or out through the wall of the balloon. Air at 10C leaves through an opening at the bottom of the envelope until the whole balloon is filled with hot air at uniform temperature. Then the burner is shut off and the balloon rises from the ground. (a) Evaluate the quantity of energy the burner must transfer to the air in the balloon. (b) The heat value of propanethe internal energy released by burning each kilogramis 50.3 MJ/kg. What mass of propane must be burned?arrow_forwardA deep sea diver should breathe a gas mixture that has the same oxygen partial pressure as at sea level, where dry air contains 20.9% oxygen and has a total pressure of 1.01 ✕ 105 N/m2. (a) What is the partial pressure (in N/m2) of oxygen at sea level? N/m2 (b) If the diver breathes a gas mixture at a pressure of 2.00 ✕ 106 N/m2, what percent oxygen should it be to have the same oxygen partial pressure as at sea level? %arrow_forward
- Two containers are at the same temperature. The first contains gas with pressure p1, molecular mass m1, and rms speed vrms1. The second contains gas with pressure 2.0p1, molecular mass m2, and average speed vavg2 = 2.0vrms1. Find the mass ratio m1/m2.arrow_forwardUsing the ideal gas law equation of P=NkT/V, show that: a) a container of gas obeys Boyle's Law, which states that if the temperature of the gas is held constant, the pressure of the gas is proportional to its volume. b) a container of gas obeys Gay-Lussac's which states that, if the volume of a container is held constant, the pressure is proportional to its temperature. c) if the pressure is held constant, the temperature is related to volume. Draw a sketch showing how V varies as a function of T if P is held constant.arrow_forwardA gas flows through a square conduit. At one point along the conduit, the conduit sides are 0.100 m. the velocity it 7.55 m/s, and the gas's mass density is (for its particular pressure and temperature) 1.09 kg/m3. At a second point, the conduit sides are 0.250 m, and the velocity is 2.02 m/s. Find the mass flow rate of the gas and its mass density at the second point.arrow_forward
- A container holds 0.500 m3 of oxygen at an absolute pressure of 4.00 atm. A valve is opened, allowing the gas to drive a piston, increasing the volume of the gas until the pressure drops to 1.00 atm. If the temperature remains constant, what new volume does the gas occupy?arrow_forwardA 3.0 liter tank contains oxygen gas at 20°C and gauge pressure of 25 x 105 Pa. What mass of oxygen is in the tank? Assuming molecular mass of oxygen is 32kg/kmol and the atmospheric pressure is 0.1 MPa. A. 102 kg B. 150 g C. 102 g D. 150 kgarrow_forwardQ: Atmospheric pressure on the peak of Kilimanjaro can be as low as 0.20 atm. If the volume of an oxygen tank is 10.0L, at what pressure must the tank be filled so the gas inside would occupy a volume of 1.2 x 103L at this pressure?arrow_forward
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A Level Physics – Ideal Gas Equation; Author: Atomi;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k0EFrmah7h0;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY