Biology 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172517
Author: Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 18, Problem 5RQ
Which of the following situations will lead to natural selection?
- The seeds of two plants land near each other and one grows larger than the other
- Two types of fish eat the same kind of food, and one is better able to gather food than the other
- Male lions compete for the right to mate with females, with only one possible winner
- all of the above
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Which of the following is true about natural selection?
Group of answer choices
it acts on individuals
it typically does not involve changes in genotype frequencies in a population
it involves individuals willfully changing their genotype and/or phenotype in order to become better matched to their environment and leave more offspring
it is a random process
it involves humans increasing the frequency of desirable traits in a species by selecting which individuals breed
Which of the following best states a condition which promotes natural selection of aspecies?
Group of answer choices
One baby albino alligator, from a nest of 20 eggs, hatches in the Florida Everglades.
An ocean ecosystem consists of more algae than fish species.
The population of moths in a forest increased from 100 to 150 members.
A female cat has a litter of 5 kittens instead of 6.
Which statement is accurate about natural selection?
It is a biological process that prevents species from adapting to significant changes in their environments.
It is a biological process that leads a population to have a widespread expression of an advantageous trait.
It is a biological process that allows a population to have a competitive advantage in many environments.
It is a biological process that causes certain traits to be expressed less with each subsequent generation.
Chapter 18 Solutions
Biology 2e
Ch. 18 - Figure 18.14 Which is most likely to survive,...Ch. 18 - Figure 18.22 If two species eat a different diet...Ch. 18 - Figure 18.23 Which of the following statements is...Ch. 18 - Which scientific concept did Charles Darwin and...Ch. 18 - Which of the following situations will lead to...Ch. 18 - Which description is an example of a phenotype? A...Ch. 18 - Which situation is most likely an example of...Ch. 18 - Which situation would most likely lead to...Ch. 18 - What is the main difference between dispersal and...Ch. 18 - Which variable increases the likelihood of...
Ch. 18 - What is the main difference between autopolyploid...Ch. 18 - Which reproductive combination produces hybrids?...Ch. 18 - Which condition is the basis for a species to be...Ch. 18 - Which situation is not an example of a prezygotic...Ch. 18 - Which term is used to describe the continued...Ch. 18 - Which components of speciation would be least...Ch. 18 - If a person scatters a handful of garden pea plant...Ch. 18 - Why do scientists consider vestigial structures...Ch. 18 - How does the scientific meaning of “theory” differ...Ch. 18 - Explain why the statement that a monkey is more...Ch. 18 - Why do island chains provide ideal conditions for...Ch. 18 - Two species of fish had recently undergone...Ch. 18 - Why can polyploidy individuals lead to speciation...Ch. 18 - What do both rate of speciation models have in...Ch. 18 - Describe a situation where hybrid reproduction...
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- Natural selection is based on all of the following except individuals who survive longer tend to have more offspring than those who die young genetic variation exists within populations Individuals adapt to their environments and, thereby, evolve populations tend to produce more offspring than the environment can support the best adapted individuals tend to reproduce morearrow_forwardWhich of the following best explains the phrase “survival of the fittest” in terms of evolution by natural selection? The strongest and fastest individuals will always survive and reproduce more often. The individuals that are the healthiest will always get more resources and survive better. Only individuals that have the most mates will survive with limited resources. The individuals that survive better and reproduce more often will pass their traits on more often.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is NOT an observation or inference on which natural selection is based? Group of answer choices Only a fraction of an individual’s offspring may survive. Species produce more offspring than the environment can support. There is heritable variation among individuals. Modifications of an organism acquires during its lifetime can be passed to its offspring.arrow_forward
- Which of the following contribute to keeping low-fitness alleles in our gene pool? Choose all that are correct Random mating Efficient selection against rare recessive disease-causing alleles New mutations Late age of onset of some diseases Inefficient selection against rare recessive disease-causing allelesarrow_forwardWhich of the following traits would you expect to be under weakest selection? Explain your answer. The development of prostate cancer in older male humans The development of digits in frogs The silver hair color on silver back male gorillas The dance choreography in peacock spidersarrow_forwardIn your own words, how does Competition and selection support natural selection? Use at least 1 example from the Beaks of Finches lab in your answer.arrow_forward
- Which of the following is a necessary condition for natural selection to occur? The environment must be constant and unchanging. All individuals in a population must have equal chances of survival There must be variation among individuals in a population All individuals in a population must have identical traitsarrow_forwardWhich statement about natural selection is true? Natural selection only happens to animals. Natural selection produces animals fit for their environment. Evolution causes natural selection. Natural selection produces animals that are faster and stronger.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is a FALSE statement? Inbreeding non-random mating will increase the number of homozygotes. Directional selection will decrease genetic variation. Migration will decrease genetic variation between populations. Genetic drift will decrease genetic variation between populations. Mutation will increase genetic variation.arrow_forward
- Some worms eat at night (meaning they are nocturnal) and some worms eat during the day (meaning they are diurnal.) Most birds eat only during the day, so they are only eating diurnal worms, due to the fact that the nocturnal worms are burrowing during this time. Each spring when the worms reproduce about 500 offspring are born but only 100 of them live long enough to reproduce themselves. Explain how natural selection will occur and include the 4 principals of natural selection.arrow_forwardWhich of the following does not characterize natural selection? * Some parts disappeared when not in used No answer Natural resources are limited and competition occurs Survival of the fittest All living things have the potential to produce large number of offspringarrow_forwardKin Selection - Ground squirrels will often give a warning call when they see a predator, altering the other ground squirrels to the danger. Calling behavior draws attention to the calling squirrel. This being the case, why would natural selection favor this altruistic behavior? Consider this - female squirrels are 70% more likely to make a warning call than male squirrels. Also consider, male squirrels leave the colony when they reach maturity, while female squirrels stay in the colony they are born in. Explain how natural selection is working here!arrow_forward
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