The curie (Ci) is a commonly used unit for measuring nuclear radioactivity: 1 curie of radiation is equal to 3.7 × 10 10 decay events per second (the number of decay events from l g radium in 1 s). A 1.7-mL sample of water containing tritium was injected into a 150-lb person. The total activity of radiation injected was 86.5 mCi. After some time to allow the tritium activity to equally distribute throughout the body, a sample of blood plasma containing 2.0 mL water at an activity of 3.6 μ Ci was removed. From these data, calculate the mass percent of water in this 150-lb person.

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Interpretation Introduction Interpretation: Total activity of radiation injected into a person is given. Removal of blood plasma after some time and its radioactivity is also given. The mass percent of water in the person is to be calculated. Concept introduction: The average number of disintegration per second of a radioactive substance is known as its activity. The biological effects of radiation depends upon several factors such as, the energy of the radiation, ionization ability and penetrating ability of radiation and the chemical properties of the radiation source. To determine: The mass percent of water in the 150 lb person. Explanation Explanation Given Volume of sample drawn out is 2 mL . The total activity of radiation injected is 86.5 mCi . The activity in the water drawn out is 3.6 μCi . Mass of the person is 150 lb . The conversion of μCi to Ci is done as, 1 μCi = 10 − 6 Ci Therefore, the conversion of 3.6 μCi to Ci is, 3.6 μCi = 3.6 × 10 − 6 Ci The conversion of mCi to Ci is done as, 1 mCi = 10 − 3 Ci Therefore, the conversion of 86.5 mCi to Ci is, 86.5 mCi = 86.5 × 10 − 3 Ci The total volume is calculated by the formula, Volume of sample drawn out Counts in sample drawn out = Total volume Total counts Substitute the value of volume of sample drawn out, counts in the volume drawn out and total counts in the above formula. 2 mL 3 .6×10 -6 Ci = Total volume 86 .5×10 -3 Ci Total volume = 4 . 8 1 × 1 0 4 m L _ Therefore, the total volume of water is 4

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Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach

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Steven S. Zumdahl + 1 other

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Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach

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Steven S. Zumdahl + 1 other

Publisher: Cengage Learning

ISBN: 9781305079243

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Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Total activity of radiation injected into a person is given. Removal of blood plasma after some time and its radioactivity is also given. The mass percent of water in the person is to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The average number of disintegration per second of a radioactive substance is known as its activity. The biological effects of radiation depends upon several factors such as, the energy of the radiation, ionization ability and penetrating ability of radiation and the chemical properties of the radiation source.

To determine: The mass percent of water in the 150 lb person.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation

Given

Volume of sample drawn out is 2 mL .

The total activity of radiation injected is 86.5 mCi .

The activity in the water drawn out is 3.6 μCi .

Mass of the person is 150 lb .

The conversion of μCi to Ci is done as,

1 μCi=10−6 Ci

Therefore, the conversion of 3.6 μCi to Ci is,

3.6 μCi=3.6×10−6 Ci

The conversion of mCi to Ci is done as,

1 mCi=10−3 Ci

Therefore, the conversion of 86.5 mCi to Ci is,

86.5 mCi=86.5×10−3 Ci

The total volume is calculated by the formula,

Volume of sample drawn outCounts in sample drawn out=Total volumeTotal counts

Substitute the value of volume of sample drawn out, counts in the volume drawn out and total counts in the above formula.

2 mL3.6×10-6 Ci=Total volume86.5×10-3 CiTotal volume=4.81×104 mL_

Therefore, the total volume of water is 4

Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach

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