Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The element which one is oxidized and which one is reduced should be identified in the given reaction.
Concept Introduction:
The
Oxidation is the process in which either loss of electrons, oxidation number increases, or loss of hydrogen atoms takes place. An element is oxidized, when oxidation number increases.
Reduction is the process in which either gain of electrons, oxidation number decreases, or gain of hydrogen atoms takes place. An element is reduced, when oxidation number decreases.
(b)
Interpretation:
The element which one is oxidized and which one is reduced should be identified in the given reaction.
Concept Introduction:
The chemical reaction in which both oxidation and reduction process takes place is known as redox reaction. In this reaction, transfer of electrons takes place among the elements.
Oxidation is the process in which either loss of electrons, oxidation number increases, or loss of hydrogen atoms takes place. An element is oxidized, when oxidation number increases.
Reduction is the process in which either gain of electrons, oxidation number decreases, or gain of hydrogen atoms takes place. An element is reduced, when oxidation number decreases.
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Chapter 18 Solutions
Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation
- Manganese metal can be obtained by reaction of manganese dioxide with aluminum. 4Al(s)+3MnO2(s)2Al2O3(s)+3Mn(s) What is H for this reaction? Use the following data: 2Al(s)+32O2(g)Al2O3(s);H=1676kJMn(s)+O2(g)MnO2(s);H=520kJarrow_forwardTo what temperature must magnesium carbonate be heated to decompose it to MgO and CO2 at 1 atm? Is this higher or lower than the temperature required to decompose CaCO3? Values of Gf (in kJ/mol) are as follows: MgO(s), 601.2; MgCO3(s), 1111.7. Values of S (in J/K.) are as follows: MgO(s), 26.9; MgCO3(s), 65.9. Data for CO2 are given in Tables 6.2 and 18.1.arrow_forwardWrite the half-reactions for the electrolysis of the following molten compounds: a. KCl; b. KOH.arrow_forward
- Exercise 17.5 For the exothermic reaction 2SO2(g)+O2(g)2SO3(g)predict the equilibrium shift caused by each of the following changes. a. SO2is added. b. SO3is removed. c. The volume is decreased. d. The temperature is decreased.arrow_forwardIodide ion is oxidized by hypochlorite ion in basic solution. I(aq)+ClO(aq)Cl(aq)+IO(aq) In 1.00 M NaOH at 25C, the iodide-ion concentration (equal to the ClO concentration) at different times was as follows: Time [I ] 2.00 s 0.00169 M 8.00 s 0.00101 M Calculate the average rate of reaction of I during this time interval.arrow_forwardWhat is the nickel(II)-ion concentration in the voltaic cell Zn(s)Zn2+(1.00M)Ni2+(aq)Ni(s) if the cell potential is 0.34 V at 25C?arrow_forward
- You have a sample of 1.0 mg of solid iodine at room temperature. Later, you notice that the iodine has sublimed (passed into the vapor state). What can you say about the change of entropy of the iodine?arrow_forwardPhosphorus pentachloride dissociates on heating: PCl5(g)PCl3(g)+Cl2(g) If Kc equals 3.26 102 at 191C, what is Kp at this temperature?arrow_forwardThe thermodynamic equilibrium constant for the vaporization of water, H2O(l)H2O(g) is Kp=PH2O. Use thermodynamic data to calculate the vapor pressure of water at 45C. Compare your answer with the value given in Appendix B.arrow_forward
- Introductory Chemistry: A FoundationChemistryISBN:9781337399425Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningGeneral Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...ChemistryISBN:9781305580343Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; DarrellPublisher:Cengage Learning