Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 18.3, Problem 1TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The genome is the complete set of genetic materials present in a cell or an organism. Genome of many bacterial and archaeal species have been sequenced up to date. The length of bacterial and archaeal chromosomes is about few millions base pairs long and are usually circular. But linear chromosomes are also found in some species. bacterial and archaeal genomes are less complex compared to eukaryotic genome.
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Do bacteria and archaea have more or less diversity than eukaryotic organisms? Choose the best reason why or why not.
Group of answer choices
Bacteria and archaea are LESS diverse. One reason is that they cannot become resistant to antibiotics.
Bacteria and archaea are MORE diverse. One reason is that they transfer genes asexually through horizontal gene transfer.
Bacteria and archaea are MORE diverse. One reason is that they can become resistant to antibiotics.
Bacteria and archaea are LESS diverse. One reason is that they transfer genes asexually through horizontal gene transfer.
A biologist is studying an organism that is single-celled. With only this information, we know that the organism could be
only a microbial eukaryote.
a bacterium, archaean, or microbial eukaryote.
a bacterium or an archaean.
only an archaean.
only a bacterium.
consider the following terms:
Envelope
Fusion
Gene therapy
Pathogen
Vaccine
Capsule
Decomposer
Epidemic
Mold
Spore
Yeast
Choose 2 terms from the list and answer the following questions for each term:
What familiarity and prior knowledge do you have about the term?
What does the term mean in everyday language to everyday people? Use examples to help describe your thoughts. How do people use the word?
What does the term mean in technical language to biologists?
How is the term related to the course student learning outcome: Describe classifications of biological diversity?
What are the similarities and differences between the everyday and technical meanings and uses of the term?
What impact might the similarities and differences have on your learning of biology concepts in this course?
Chapter 18 Solutions
Principles of Biology
Ch. 18.1 - In the procedure shown in this figure, has the...Ch. 18.1 - Refer back to Figure 9.16. Why are primers needed...Ch. 18.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 18.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 18.1 - Prob. 4CCCh. 18.1 - Prob. 2BCCh. 18.1 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 18.1 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 18.1 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 18.2 - Prob. 1CC
Ch. 18.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 18.2 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 18.2 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 18.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 18.3 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 18.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 18.4 - Prob. 1BCCh. 18.4 - The sizes of eukaryotic genomes vary because more...Ch. 18.4 - The members of a gene family are called paralogs....Ch. 18.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 18.5 - Based on their mechanism of movement, which type...Ch. 18.5 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 18.5 - A segment of DNA that moves via an RNA...Ch. 18 - Prob. 1TYCh. 18 - Prob. 2TYCh. 18 - Lets suppose you followed the protocols described...Ch. 18 - Prob. 4TYCh. 18 - Lets suppose you want to clone a gene that has...Ch. 18 - In the CRISPR-Cas technology used for mutating...Ch. 18 - Prob. 7TYCh. 18 - Prob. 8TYCh. 18 - Prob. 9TYCh. 18 - Prob. 10TYCh. 18 - Draw the structure of a dideoxyribonucleotide...Ch. 18 - Prob. 2CCQCh. 18 - Prob. 3CCQCh. 18 - Identify and discuss three important advances that...Ch. 18 - Prob. 2CBQ
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- Fill in the Blank. Round it to the nearest whole number. A mutation occurs in a single bacterium that causes it to produce a new enzyme. This enzyme helps the bacterium process nutrients more efficiently, increasing the bacterium's odds of survival. Every 30 minutes, the bacteria in the colony divide, passing their genes on to their offspring. Some bacteria survive, while others do not. Because resources are limited, the colony has a steady population of 114 bacteria. The bacterial colony is shown below at three different time intervals. The picture would be here: Assume that the survival trend shown in the diagram continues. At 3.0 hours, the mutant bacteria will make up _____ percent of the entire colony.arrow_forwardThis domain is characterized by ancient bacteria that can live in extreme environments, such as volcanoes eukarya bacteria prokarya archaeaarrow_forwardDescribe at least 3 things scientists can look at to separate eukarya from bacteria and 3 things scientists can look at to separate bacteria from archaea.arrow_forward
- Which of the following are called “microbes”, but are not made of cells? (Choose all that apply.) Group of answer choices Bacteria Prions Archaea Virusesarrow_forwardA sample of bacteria is collected from soil in a field that was recently treated with pesticides. The bacteria are classified and a phylogenetic is built to illustrate the soil bacteria diversity. What kinds of characteristics would be best for creating this phylogenetic? a. rRNA gene sequence and amino acid sequence of lipase b. Cell wall structure and physical appearance c. Reproductive rate and susceptibility to pesticides d. Entire genome sequence and protein expression dataarrow_forwardT/F Viruses evolve are not technically alive. Group of answer choices True False T/F Archaeans are most noted for causing diseases in insect larvae True False T/F There is evidence that small organic molecules form in space and come to earth on asteroids/meteors.arrow_forward
- If an antibiotic was able to destroy the pili of bacteria, what effect would you expect it would have on that bacteria? They would not be able to avoid predators They would not be able to make proteins They would not be able to give genetic material to other bacteria They would not be able to go through binary fissionarrow_forwardWhich Of the following is not a reason why micro organisms are commonly able to evolve very quickly? Generation times of most microorganisms are short. microorganisms pathogenic to humans are often subjected to extreme selective pressures most microorganisms have means of transferring genetic material between individuals the time between cell divisions of many unicellular organisms is relatively small some microorganisms have lower mutations rates that most organismsarrow_forwardEvolution is one of the major unifying concepts of modem biology. Explain the mechanisms that lead to evolutionary change. Describe how scientists use each of the following as evidence for evolution. • Bacterial resistance to antibiotics • Comparative biochemistry • The fossil records (1000 words min)arrow_forward
- Coley’s Toxin is really: a mix of harmless viruses. a mix of pathogenic bacteria. a mix of random organisms taken from sick individuals. a mix of microbes from the soil.arrow_forwardEvolution is one of the major unifying concepts of modern biology. Explain the mechanisms that lead to evolutionary change. Describe how scientists use each of the following as evidence for evolution. • Bacterial resistance to antibiotics • Comparative biochemistry • The fossil recordsarrow_forwardFill in the blanks with the correct answer. Bacteria are believed to have evolved some _______________ years ago. The bacterium Staphylococcus aureus is ___________ in shape and ______________ in arrangement. Treponema pallidum, the causative agent of syphilis is ____________ in shape. The asexual reproduction in bacteria is __________________________. Bacteria found in very cold areas are called _________________. Some bacteria can form _________________ to withstand unfavorable conditions in the environment. Bacterial cells move with the use of _________________. These bacteria can live in areas with very minimal concentration of oxygen. The cell wall of bacteria is made-up of the polysaccharide ______________________. Gram negative bacteria have ____________________ cell wall than Gram positoive bacteria. Many gram-negative bacteria belong to group ______________of Phylum Proteobacteria.arrow_forward
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Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells (Updated); Author: Amoeba Sisters;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pxujitlv8wc;License: Standard youtube license