Concept explainers
A quantity of gas containing N molecules has a speed distribution function f(v). How many molecules have speeds between v1 and v2 > v1? (i)
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 18 Solutions
University Physics with Modern Physics (14th Edition)
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
An Introduction to Thermal Physics
Life in the Universe (4th Edition)
Essential University Physics: Volume 1 (3rd Edition)
Introduction to Electrodynamics
Conceptual Physical Science (6th Edition)
University Physics (14th Edition)
- A cylinder with a piston holds 0.50 m3 of oxygen at an absolute pressure of 4.0 atm. The piston is pulled outward, increasing the volume of the gas until the pressure drops to 1.0 atm. If the temperature stays constant, what new volume does the gas occupy? (a) 1.0 m3 (b) 1.5 m3 (c) 2.0 m3 (d) 0.12 m3 (e) 2.5 m3arrow_forwardCylinder A contains oxygen (O2) gas, and cylinder B contains nitrogen (N2) gas. If the molecules in the two cylinders have the same rms speeds, which of the following statements is false? (a) The two gases haw different temperatures. (b) The temperature of cylinder B is less than the temperature of cylinder A. (c) The temperature of cylinder B is greater than the temperature of cylinder A. (d) The average kinetic energy of the nitrogen molecules is less than the average kinetic energy of the oxygen molecules.arrow_forwardTwo containers hold an ideal gas at the same temperature and pressure. Both containers hold the same type of gas, but container B has twice the volume of container A. (i) What is the average translational kinetic energy per molecule in container B? (a) twice that of container A (b) the same as that of container A (c) half that of container A (d) impossible to determine (ii) From the same choices, describe the internal energy of the gas in container B.arrow_forward
- The mass of a single hydrogen molecule is approximately 3.32 1027 kg. There are 5.64 1023 hydrogen molecules in a box with square walls of area 49.0 cm2. If the rms speed of the molecules is 2.72 103 m/s, calculate the pressure exerted by the gas.arrow_forwardAn ideal gas is contained in a vessel at 300 K. The temperature of the gas is then increased to 900 K. (i) By what factor does the average kinetic energy of the molecules change, (a) a factor of 9, (b) a factor of 3, (c) a factor of 3, (d) a factor of 1, or (e) a factor of 13? Using the same choices as in part (i), by what factor does each of the following change: (ii) the rms molecular speed of the molecules, (iii) the average momentum change that one molecule undergoes in a collision with one particular wall, (iv) the rate of collisions of molecules with walls, and (v) the pressure of the gas?arrow_forwardA popular brand of cola contains 6.50 g of carbon dioxide dissolved in 1.00 L of soft drink. If the evaporating carbon dioxide is trapped in a cylinder at 1.00 atm and 20.0C, what volume does the gas occupy?arrow_forward
- A vertical cylinder of cross-sectional area A is fitted with a tight-fitting, frictionless piston of mass m (Fig. P16.56). The piston is not restricted in its motion in any way and is supported by the gas at pressure P below it. Atmospheric pressure is P0. We wish to find die height h in Figure P16.56. (a) What analysis model is appropriate to describe the piston? (b) Write an appropriate force equation for the piston from this analysis model in terms of P, P0, m, A, and g. (c) Suppose n moles of an ideal gas are in the cylinder at a temperature of T. Substitute for P in your answer to part (b) to find the height h of the piston above the bottom of the cylinder.arrow_forwardReview, At what temperature would the average speed of helium atoms equal (a) the escape speed from the Earth, 1.12 x 10-4 m/s, and (b) the escape speed from the Moon, 2.37 x 103 m/s? Note:The mass of a helium atom is 6.64 x 10-27 kg.arrow_forward1) Inside a sphere of radius 12 cm are 8.0x10²³ gas molecules at a temperature of 50°C. What pressure do the gas molecules exert on the inside of the sphere?* a) 370 x 10³ Pa b)160 x 10³ Pa c)490 x 10³ Pa d)650 x 10³ Pa e)76.0 x 10³ Pashow step by step solutionarrow_forward
- Consider nitrogen gas in a container at temperature T = 245 K. A molecule’s average kinetic energy is Kavg=3/2kBT. Calculate the momentum magnitude p of a nitrogen molecule having this kinetic energy. The momentum magnitude p of the nitrogen molecule is ______kg⋅m/skg⋅m/s.arrow_forwardTwo containers of equal volume each hold samples of the same ideal gas. Container A has twice as many molecules as container B. If the gas pressure is the same in the two containers, the correct statement regarding the absolute temperatures TA and TB in containers A and B, respectively, is TA = TB TA = 2TB TA=TB/2 TA=TB/ Square root of 2 TA=TB/4arrow_forward3 moles of an ideal gas undergoes an isothermal expansion at constant temperature T = 290 K, its pressure changes from P1 = 144.65 kPa to P2 = 92.27 kPa. Calculate the work done by the gas. a.) 2346.90 J b.) 3246.55 J c.) 1082.18 J d.) -3246.55 Jarrow_forward
- Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage LearningPhysics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...PhysicsISBN:9781133939146Author:Katz, Debora M.Publisher:Cengage LearningPhysics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology ...PhysicsISBN:9781305116399Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning